September 2 afternoon，The 2024 Forum on China-Africa Cooperation Summit Press Center held the first briefing，Introducing the relevant situation of China-Africa joint construction of the “Belt and Road” to Chinese and foreign media。As of now，52 African bet365 apuestas and the African Union signed a memorandum of understanding on cooperation in jointly building the “Belt and Road” with China。China helps Africa initially form a railway backbone network、Continuously improve the highway backbone network、Improve port and airport facilities。In an exclusive interview with our reporter，Deputy Director of the Swedish “One Belt, One Road” Research Institute、Hussein Askary, a distinguished researcher at the Guangdong Institute of International Strategy at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, said，Today，More and more bet365 apuestas in the world have felt the charm of jointly building the “Belt and Road” initiative，Enjoy the dividends of jointly building the “One Belt, One Road” initiative。In this context，The West must abandon zero-sum thinking，Stop slandering and slandering，Facing up and cherishing the great achievements made in jointly building the “Belt and Road” initiative。Only this，Only in order to comply with the joint efforts of all bet365 apuestas in the world to build a development belt、The trend of the times and the expectations of the people to jointly build a road to happiness。

　　Create a new model of international bet365 apuestas

Reviewing the history of international relations over the past few decades，Proposed by Askari，The joint construction of the “Belt and Road” initiative provides a new model of cross-border economic cooperation that has been missing for a long time after the collapse of the Bretton Woods system。What is unique about it is that it transcends politics、Cultural and ideological differences，Emphasis on the common development goals of all bet365 apuestas。In the process of jointly building the “Belt and Road”，The sovereignty and dignity of all participating bet365 apuestas are always respected，This is a major innovation in the traditional global governance system。

Askari thinks，The joint construction of the “Belt and Road” initiative demonstrates an effective way of financing development，That is, developing the real economy through large-scale infrastructure construction。This approach focuses on long-term results rather than immediate financial benefits。Looking at the so-called "aid" in the West，Not only cannot we eliminate poverty，It will also perpetuate poverty。In his opinion，Participating in the joint construction of the “Belt and Road” is an effective way for many bet365 apuestas to deal with the financial crisis。While China is helping co-building bet365 apuestas with infrastructure construction，It has also enabled these bet365 apuestas to achieve productivity improvements in many fields。For example，Transportation conditions of local factories、The power supply has been greatly improved。Increasing productivity helps create more economic income，And then help build the country to repay its debt。

Talking about the debt problem，Askari pointedly pointed out，“Money received from the West is often not used in any productive areas，It’s just used to pay off old debts，This is the real debt trap”。He analyzed，Some bet365 apuestas in the world are facing heavier debt burdens，But blind tightening is not the solution，On the contrary, it will harm the real economy of these bet365 apuestas。Improving productivity is the solution，This means more resources need to be invested in building modern infrastructure。

Some scholars once put forward the view that African bet365 apuestas need to borrow more money to fill large infrastructure deficits。To this，Askari does not believe that more funding alone will improve infrastructure，“But if there is no infrastructure，Includes education and medical infrastructure，Industrialization and modernization will not be achieved。Without the support of industrialization，Poverty cannot be eradicated。From a realistic perspective，Infrastructure loans should be long-term and have interest rates below 4%”。Askari told this reporter，“China has done very well in this regard”。

Askari pointed out，China’s infrastructure loans to bet365 apuestas co-building the “One Belt, One Road” usually have lower interest rates，This kind of long term、Loans with low interest rates can effectively help jointly build bet365 apuestas to increase productivity and GDP growth rate。When the loan matures，Infrastructure projects will bring returns much higher than the original loan。Therefore，He thinks，China’s productive credit policy can provide lessons for the world。Askari suggestion，The vast number of developing bet365 apuestas that still have obvious infrastructure deficits，In the future, we should participate more actively and deeply in the joint construction of the “Belt and Road”，Working together with China。

　　“bet365 apuestas trap theory” exposes the West’s “double standards”

In recent years，As cooperation in jointly building the “Belt and Road” continues to deepen and become more solid，Some Western bet365 apuestas are keen to concoct and hype the so-called "debt trap theory"。To this，Askari analysis pointed out，There are at least three major fallacies in the so-called "debt trap theory"。

First，From the perspective of debt causes，bet365 apuestas in debt distress today were already in debt crisis long before China proposed the Belt and Road Initiative。This debt crisis is ostensibly caused by the economic downturn、Financial collapse，Or natural disaster、Terrorist activities、Caused by epidemics and other factors，But get to the root of it，It is derived from the naked colonial plunder in the history of Western bet365 apuestas and the economic exploitation that is still being "renovated" today。

Secondly，In terms of debt structure，The creditors of developing bet365 apuestas mainly come from Western bet365 apuestas or pro-Western institutions，Not China。Take Sri Lanka as an example，The analysis report released by Askari and his team in June 2022 shows that，Of all the country’s external debt，Debt to China only accounts for 10%，International capital market borrowings account for 47% of Sri Lanka’s external debt。It mainly comes from Western financial investors，Such as American asset management institution BlackRock and British asset management institution Ashmore，Other institutions accounting for more than 10% include the Asian Development Bank。In addition，Private and public institutions in Western bet365 apuestas account for 70% of Pakistan’s and 77% of Zambia’s foreign debt in 2022，China’s proportion of foreign debt in these two bet365 apuestas is 15% and 17% respectively。Looking from another dimension，Sri Lanka and Zambia are also facing difficulties in repaying their debts, but also private institutions in Western bet365 apuestas，Instead of loans from China。

Finally，In terms of the nature of the debt，The loans issued by China and Western bet365 apuestas to developing bet365 apuestas are also very different。The biggest debt problem facing developing bet365 apuestas comes from short-term high-interest loans provided by Western bet365 apuestas。Developing bet365 apuestas have to accept these loans during emergencies to ease the pressure on fiscal and trade deficits，But these loans have little benefit for productive economic activities，It will also plunge these bet365 apuestas into a vicious cycle of unsustainable debt。In comparison，China provides long-term low-interest loans。With the help of these loans, a large amount of infrastructure was built，In fact, it helps developing bet365 apuestas embark on a virtuous cycle of national economic development。

　Beware of “bet365 apuestas Trap Theory Version 2.0”

Through long-term research，Discovered by Askari，As the international community increasingly sees the true face of the so-called "debt trap theory"，Some Western bet365 apuestas have resorted to new tricks，An attempt to weaken the unity and cooperation between China and developing bet365 apuestas in jointly building the “Belt and Road”。"Their new slogan is，China should unreservedly reduce or forgive the debts of developing bet365 apuestas”，Askari calls this the “debt trap theory 2.Version 0”。In his opinion，“Some new arguments at first sound seem to be for the sake of developing bet365 apuestas，More confusing，But the essence is still generosity to others、An old trick for personal gain”。

Askari pointed out，Some people are calling for China to cancel most of the debt of bet365 apuestas affected by the current global financial and economic difficulties，Also requires China to provide funds for international rescue plans，Enable bet365 apuestas that are in debt crisis due to global financial and economic distress to reschedule their debt。Given the composition of the creditors of these debts，This is equivalent to a disguised request for China to provide a "blood transfusion" for private bondholders and investment funds in Western bet365 apuestas。

Not only that，Askari emphasizes，“Debt Trap Theory 2.Version 0” also distorts the facts，In analyzing the participants in bilateral credit activities，Deliberate conflation of state and non-state actors。As shown by the composition of Sri Lanka’s external debt，China’s share of private bondholders is much smaller than that of Western bet365 apuestas。Therefore，Exaggerating China’s creditor status，It’s just a word game deliberately manipulated by some bet365 apuestas，The purpose is to confuse the audience by substituting concepts，On the one hand, it transfers the responsibilities that Western bet365 apuestas should bear to China，On the other hand, it tries to alienate and destroy the friendly and cooperative relations between China and the vast number of developing bet365 apuestas。

"Teach a man a fish，It’s better to teach people how to fish”，Askari further pointed out，Only by helping developing bet365 apuestas truly achieve sustainable economic development，Only can they truly get out of debt difficulties。China has achieved many remarkable results in infrastructure construction cooperation with the bet365 apuestas co-building the “Belt and Road”。Many large-scale infrastructure projects have been successfully completed thanks to the joint construction of the “Belt and Road” initiative，has begun to continuously play the role of "blood production" in the local area。These bet365 apuestas are also making progress on the road to reducing their debt burden。

In sharp contrast to this is，Some developing bet365 apuestas receive Western aid，Projects that are forced to accept only foreign direct investment，This is evident in the conditions attached to the loan。History has proven，Various so-called "aid projects" directly invested by Western bet365 apuestas，Or just superficial、Fashionable，Or the ultimate beneficiary is only the Western bet365 apuestas themselves，Therefore it is completely impossible to fundamentally change the face of the recipient country，Instead, they have been saddled with an increasingly heavy debt burden，This is the real “debt trap”。

　　Sending a signal of mutual benefit and win-win bet365 apuestas

More than ten years，The Belt and Road Initiative takes infrastructure as the cornerstone of connectivity，Improved the overall business environment of the jointly built country，Let the developing bet365 apuestas participate more deeply in the construction of the international economic system，Thus promoting global common development。Facing some skeptical voices in the West，Askari pointed out using the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Railway as an example，The core of the Belt and Road Initiative is to promote cooperation between China and co-building bet365 apuestas，Rather than geopolitical game。June this year，The signing ceremony of the intergovernmental agreement between the three bet365 apuestas on the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway project was held in Beijing，It marks that the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway connecting these three bet365 apuestas is turning from an idea into a reality。Askari commented，“As a landmark project to implement the joint construction of the ‘Belt and Road’ initiative，The China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Railway not only demonstrates the cooperation between the three bet365 apuestas、Firm determination for common development，It also sent a positive signal of mutual benefit and win-win to the international community”。

Askari mentioned，According to plan，The total length of the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Railway is about 523 kilometers，Of which 213 kilometers are within China，260 kilometers within Kyrgyzstan，About 50 kilometers within Uzbekistan，Projects in Kyrgyzstan require the construction of tunnels and bridges in higher mountains。“The difficulty of such a project is enough to discourage many bet365 apuestas，But China has the world’s top technology and rich experience in the field of large-scale infrastructure construction with complex landforms。For example，The Guinan High-speed Railway, which will be fully operational in 2023, passes through the complex karst landforms in southwest China，The bridge-tunnel ratio is as high as 90%。For China，Building bridges and roads over nearly impossible terrain has become an art form。"Askari praised，“The world’s leading level of infrastructure cannot be separated from the support of engineering technology。Many difficult railways、Bridge、Tunnel construction project，Reflecting China’s core components、New material、Amazing achievements in transformation of innovation achievements and other fields”。He gave an example，In tunnel construction，China’s self-developed shield machine, known as the “King of Construction Machinery”, accounts for 70% of the global market share。Therefore，In Askari’s opinion，Promote connectivity through joint construction of the “Belt and Road”，Developing bet365 apuestas with backward infrastructure can directly benefit from China’s high-level infrastructure construction，Thus narrowing the infrastructure gap between bet365 apuestas，Stimulate economic development potential。

“The purpose of infrastructure construction includes enhancing the social productivity of the jointly built country，Not just promoting trade。"Askari said based on his experience of fieldwork in Xinjiang, China，The implementation of the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway project means that Xinjiang is expected to become an industrial and logistics hub for the joint construction of the “Belt and Road”，Connections with Central Asian bet365 apuestas will also be further strengthened。This is conducive to promoting high-quality development in Xinjiang，Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan can also use this railway and other projects in the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" cooperation to promote their national development plans，Promote local cement、The development of steel and other related industries，And create high-quality job opportunities。

Askari observed，Central Asian bet365 apuestas have begun to incorporate the joint construction of the “Belt and Road” initiative into the scope of reference for formulating national development plans。Under the framework of jointly building the “Belt and Road”，Trade between these bet365 apuestas and China has increased significantly。2023，The trade volume between China and the five Central Asian bet365 apuestas reached 89.4 billion US dollars，27% year-on-year growth。What’s more important，Co-construction of the “Belt and Road” Initiative and Kazakhstan’s “Bright Road” New Economic Policy、Kyrgyzstan’s “National Development Outline Before 2026”、Tajikistan’s “National Development Strategy Before 2030”、Turkmenistan’s “Revival of the Silk Road” Strategy、The "New Uzbekistan" 2022-2026 Development Strategy and other initiatives and development strategies have achieved high-level docking、Same frequency resonance。Future，Infrastructure、Agriculture、Industry and other fields will continue to be the focus of cooperation between bet365 apuestas in jointly building the “Belt and Road”。

In addition to injecting strong impetus into the economic development of the jointly constructed country，Askari thinks，The joint construction of the “Belt and Road” initiative has also played an important role in promoting regional peace and development。“The joint construction of the ‘Belt and Road’ initiative will transform Central Asia and other regions into a stage for intense geopolitical competition between Western powers，Transform into a bridge of peaceful cooperation among bet365 apuestas。”Askari commented，The reason why such a transformation can be achieved，In the final analysis, it is because these bet365 apuestas and regions have achieved vigorous economic and social development in the cooperation in jointly building the “Belt and Road”。

“The joint construction of the ‘Belt and Road’ initiative not only creates conditions for the jointly built economies to obtain the funds needed for economic development，It also helps bet365 apuestas in landlocked areas such as Central Asia send their abundant resources to the global market more and more efficiently，This has largely eliminated the traditional disadvantages of landlocked bet365 apuestas。Even some bet365 apuestas that have long been troubled by war and political turmoil，Also ushered in new opportunities for development。"Askari thinks，As Arab bet365 apuestas and Central Asian bet365 apuestas become China’s important economic partners，Geoeconomics is becoming a key factor in foreign policy。

“Economy will ultimately determine the development strategies and foreign policies of the bet365 apuestas in the ‘Heartland’ of Eurasia。”Askari firmly believes，Down-to-earth cooperation is far more convincing than rhetorical political rhetoric。"In the face of the facts，Western bet365 apuestas should view the joint construction of the “Belt and Road” initiative with a more open attitude，Actively participate in Crossing the Mountains、Ocean and desert infrastructure under construction，Work with China to create a stable environment for global economic growth。”