Among the founding monarchs of China，Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang attaches great importance to education，Think that the monarch and the division are united。Hongwu thirty years (1397)，His "Teaching People List" officially promulgated，Core value concepts gathered as "Filial Parents、Dear long、Homoro Township、Learn descendants、Estate physiology、No "six words, twenty -four words，This is the "six 谕" called by future generations。The origin of the Six 谕，It is said that it can be traced back to the persuasion list of Song Ru and Zhu Xi when he knows Zhangzhou。

So，During more than 100 years in the early Ming Dynasty，in it、A grassroots society in the structure of A，Mu Duo old people who have been charged by the disability of the widow are always at the first day of the first day、At the time of dawn of fifteen，Walking through the street，Shake Mu Duo，Sang these six sentences，Wake up the world;，Put it on the wall "，"Between the village alleys，Most of the books on the wall and recite "。If it just continues in this way，Six will probably be accustomed to being used to be practical like all previous proverbs.。But，It was a new vitality in the end of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century due to the advocacy of scholars and the combination of grass -roots education measures such as the township.，It continued for 400 years again。

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Doctor of the Ming Dynasty regards the sixth as a classic，Give it a new vitality。The first scholar -husband for doing this，It is Wang Shu, Sanyuan County, Shaanxi。Wang Shu，Chenghua、Famous ministers during the Hongzhi period，Officials to the Ministry of officials Shangshu，At the same time is a famous scholar，Famous at time with classics，The "Three Original Academic Cases" in the "Confucian Confucian Case" in Huang Zongxi stood for him。In the later stage of Chenghua，1479-1484 AD，Wang Shu, then the governor of Nanjing Yingtian Yingtian, took the six sentences in the "Teaching People List" separately and commented，Called "Symptoms"。

bet365 live casino games Wang Shu's annotation has obvious traces of scripture note，Pay attention to word training，The text is mainly interpretation of the twenty -four characters of the sixth 谕，Among them, the relatively remote vocabulary such as "long upper", "physiology", "non -means" is for the focus。Although there is no other text to explain his background and motivation of explaining the six -way，But its approach objectively splits the sixths from the "Teaching People's List" to become a separate "Holy Training"，The foundation has laid the foundation for the post -scholars' further interpretation around the sixteenths。

If the previous six was just one of the measures of Zhu Yuanzhang's education of the people，Then Wang Shu's approach has increased the sixth from the implementation level to the theoretical level，From educational specific measures to ideology。Wang Shu's influence，Make the "Holy Training" Sixth Freedom quickly favored by scholars。First of all, the "Emperor Taizu Gao Emperor's Emperor's Orders" carved in 1499，After the Shanxi Shang Party, the Great Party of Shanxi held the "Wang Gong Note Release the Emperor of the Emperor Mu Duo of the Emperor Mu Duo" printed in the Township Times，Both the explanations of the six and Wang Shu have been promoted and copied。Jiajing Nine years (1530)，The Ministry of Criminal Book Xu Zan wrote "Holy Training"，Further singing a singing song for the sixth。Xu Zan's "Holy Training Praise" first praised the sixth from the perspective of ethics and thought "" The Way of Ethical Daily on the ancient and modern，Do nothing "。Since then，Six 谕 and Wang Shu's Note、Xu Zan's praise is popular，Or see the Shaanxi Tour according to the "Holy Training Performance" of the Royal History Tang，Or the carving stone of Zhang Zhizhi's Zhang Zhizhou, Xuzhou。

In the first half of the 16th century，Six 谕 and the townships since the Song Dynasty gradually gathered，The "Lu's Township", which replaced the ideal Song Dynasty, who replaced the ideal of the representative doctor, became the core of the "Lu's Township" and became the core of the township.。The famous mentor of the Ming Dynasty, Wang Yangming, and its "Nangan Township"，Open the precedent of Rongliuzhu in the township contract。The doorman of Yangming Bet365 app download Xue Kan、Ji Ben、Zou Shouyi and others continue to advocate six 谕。True Zhu Yuanzhang Liu Yuan to the status that can continue the Taoist status，It is Luo Rufang, a thinker of the Taizhou School of Heart School of the Ming Dynasty。He continued the tradition of the Taizhou school attaches importance to the sixth，and set the six crickets into a classic above the classics。In his opinion，Six 谕 "Direct Yao Shun's Unification，Inventory of Confucius and Mencius "，"Direct Confucius" Spring and Autumn "the purpose，Counseling the heart of loyalty and filial piety "。This thinker who was praised as "tongue win" by the people，Whether it is an official or a hometown，During the hometown of the Township Treaty, I persuaded the people to persuade the people，Ren Ning Guo Zhifu has "Ning Guofu Township Township Training"，Juxiang has "Liren Township Temporary Language"，In Yunnan, there is "Tengyue Township Township Training"。His speech is based on reason，focusing on impressing the heart，Combined with songs、Quoting the law of law and good and evil retribution such as stories，is a classic in Liuyu Township in Wanming Ming，It has also established a new paradigm for the Late Mingxiang Township for its preaching around the sixth.。

，The status and influence of the Liuye continues to increase。The author of the Ming Dynasty book "Book Editor" Zhang Huang said，Six 谕 "Really" Zhou Li "! Li Banghua in the late Ming Dynasty said: "The sixth emperor of the Emperor Gao，The Six Classics deleted by Confucius also。"Lu Longqi, a famous writer in the early Qing Dynasty，Praise the six -character character of the sixth 谕，"A" University "to cultivate the purpose of Qi Qi，Pie Ran has "。Emperor Shunzhi even re -issued the sixth in the early Qing Dynasty，Make Liu Yan continued to obtain the legitimacy of the Holy Mo in the Qing Dynasty。The Township Treaty preaching in the early Qing Dynasty still takes six 谕 as the core，Only nine years after Kangxi started to slowly turn to Emperor Kangxi to present the 16th Emperor Holy Emperor and the Emperor Yongzheng's explanation version of the Sixteen Article "Holy Training"。

　　How to make the Liuye "easy to know and easy to follow" 

Classic needs to be explained。In order to achieve the purpose of grassroots bet365 Play online games education，Sixth 谕 Explanation will face the people from the beginning，Requirements are easy to understand。Explain the six 谕，is the primary principle of ensuring popularity。Zeng Weicheng emphasized in the "Saint Explanation"，To "take a lecture in the common sayings in the common sayings"。He Dongxu, who served as Huizhou Zhifu in the 43rd year of Jiajing, also pointed out in the Xin'an Township Treaty，Sixth 谕 Explanation text must be popular，Because "easy to know，Jane is easy to follow "，Simple understanding is the prerequisite for the people to understand and follow。To make Liu Yi understand Yi Xiao，The explanation of the six -time interpretation of the Ming and Qing Dynasties uses a lot of words of words and proverbs，and the familiar saying of the people，Such as "I have to have a close brother", "Liangyu," "Never Corporation", "adopted son and do not teach，Father's Passing "" Being a Thief for Stealing Chicken "and so on，Simple and bright。

Six -谕 Interpretation，It will make full use of some form that can make the public easier to accept，Singing。In this aspect，Taizhou school scholars who advocate civilians are enthusiastic participants，Wang Dong、Yan Jun and others have created poems explained to the sixth 谕。but but，The sixth poems with the most acceptable acceptance were created by Luo Hongxian of Luo Hong in the eighth year of Jiajing。These six poems，Not only is it convenient for memorizing or chanting，and practical，You can sing together by the children during the song and poetry of the hometown.，For this, it may be marked with a ruler，or marked with special symbols to indicate its low Xu Xu。Singing is easy to move。Liu Yinglong, a social science teacher in Qiantang County, Hangzhou Fu During the Wanli years, also said in his "Holy Romance"，Six 谕 Explanation must be "Poetry of Sound，Shi Yang repeatedly enlightened his conscience，Make the people easy to know and follow "。

Many six -way interpretation text is given to preach with local customs，The so -called "vulgar practice"，The big ethical principles that are about to be said to be explained with specific local customs and habits。For example，Xiang Qiao, a native of Wenzhou, Zhejiang, combined the customs of Wenzhou based on the "Xiang's Family Bet365 app download Training" based on the sixth 谕，In the "No" strip, people must not be smuggling coastal smuggling when they are required to sell fish and salt- "Tong Tong Tong Tong Tong Tong Tong Tong Selling Thief"。Zhan Ruoshui, a Zhancheng people in Guangdong, interprets the sixth in the "Symptoms"，Combined with the customs of Zengcheng，Require people to quit the wind of gambling。

When explaining the six 谕，Also fully give examples、Stories，Make the ethics contained in the Liuye can get the audience's recognition。These examples can be both in history，can also be contemporary; it can be positive，can also be negative，Positive persuasion to do good and get good newspaper，Negative wake up as evil will be reported by evil。This good and evil retribution stories，Make Six -谕 interpretation and the good books that have become popular in the late Ming Dynasty are very easy to confuse。For example，During the Wanli years, Wu Shiju, Xinxin County, Shandong years, when Wu Shiju is in Xingxiang，"The Holy Modeling" and "Sensing Articles" and "Senior Yin" and other good books are promulgated together，It can explain the approach of the six -time interpretation to the good book。After entering the Qing Dynasty，The trend of good bookization in the sixth announcement is more obvious，Almost 70 % of "Preaching Pickup" in the late Qing Dynasty is telling stories。Understand this origin and background，It is not difficult to understand why it is in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China，The Sacred preaching has gradually developed into a way of entertainment in grassroots society，and the preaching novels of Shengzhu are also quite popular in society。

　　The narrative and artistic nature of the solution 

Six 谕 Explanation to develop new forms in the late Ming Dynasty。Fifteen years of Wanli (1587)，At the time of the left deputy capital of the Duchangyuan, the Royal History Wei Shiliang, the hometown,，Lecture Emperor Gao Emperor Holy Six Things，Agreement from the Ministry of Rites Shangshu Shencai。So，The imperial court is "the province is negotiated to the province，Ling Governor's Qin Qin County and County has a picture.，Editor，俾 巷 "，Mingshu Tianfu Prefecture held a hometown and preached the sixth 谕。

Pursuing the only Shaanxi Tea Horse Royal History Bet365 lotto review Zhonghuamin，In the fifteenth year of Wanli, I carved the "Holy Model" inscription。He is equipped with a picture describing a historical story for each sentence in the sixteen -Wang Xiang 卧 冰、Brother Sima Guang、Huang Shangshu Range、Meng Mu Breaking、Tao Kanyun、Chen Yan's Rolls，Each attached illustration。The images in Zhong Huamin's "Holy Model" have a strong narrative。For example，"Wang Xiang's Hill Bing" picture adopted a different time -like method，To show the story of filial piety Wang Xiang lying in the story of the carp to move his stepmother and heaven: the lower part of the screen is the plot of Wang Xianglian and the carp jumping out of the water; "Ge Tian" plot，Description Wang Xiang's lying ice moved to God，Therefore, a fairy drove the clouds and arrived。Three different plots of plots are interval through the courtyard walls and buildings in the background，Make the story plot easier to recognize。For the pioneer of the "Holy Figure"，A six -time lecturer only needs to be trained a little，You can tell the story of Wang Xiang's lying ice and the ethics of "filial piety parents" behind it、thorough。

but but，In the "Six Monules" of Qin Zhiying, Wuxian County, Henan, 34 years of Wanli,，Visual effects have been excessively emphasized。The "Dear Long Figure" and "Map of Human Township" surviving in the six monuments，All are vertical composition，Draw a panoramic landscape，Landscape and trees are described fine，The character image is accurate，It even reflects the space relationship that is nearly large and small，Just use the figures in the painting to reflect the storyline。This method of explaining the sixth in the topic with the topic of the picture is the main body，It seems that there is no direct effect in preaching。Rather than saying that Qin Zhiying's drawing monument is to educate the people，It is rather to say that he more hopes to participate in the "three musts" of this monument -Zhou Wanshu Figure、Qin Zhiying Calligraphy、Jiang Wantong Carved Stone —— Borrowing the Bei Yong Chuan，By the way, make your political achievements admire。

Interpret the Holy Puppet with an image，Not only used for six 谕，Later, it was also applied to the Sixteen Articles of the Holy Make in the Qing Dynasty，Ru Qing people bet365 Play online games Liang Yannian's "Saint Portrait" and Li Laizhang's "Sacred Image Yan Yi"。

The classic and popularity of the Liuye、Image interpretation，It is part of the construction of ideology in the Ming and Qing dynasties。Ethics advocated by Liu Yue -Filial Piety、Dear、Holy、Education children、And your own status、Do not violate laws and morals，It is a product that combines Confucianism and grassroots society。This combination relies on the decree，On the one hand, relying on the active exploration of Confucian scholars and social practice。The history of the explanation of the sixth 谕 is not just the history of text spread and mutual influence，It is a side shadow of grass -roots social governance in the Ming and Qing dynasties。

　　(The author is the head of the National Social Science Fund project "Research on the History of the Sixth Research of the Ming and Qing Dynasties"、Researcher of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)