East Jin、Tao Yuanming (365-427) on the occasion of Liu Song was one of the most famous hermits in ancient China，It is also "the sect of ancient and modern hidden poets" (Zhong Yan "Poetry")。His abandoned official from the age of 41，Until the age of 63,，Always live in the countryside of the hometown，No more entered the officialdom，This is a very rare special case in ancient society。

But there are still some complicated and interesting situations here，Very worth pursuing、Food and thinking。

Let's start with one of his title "Tao Zhengshi" (or "Zheng Jun")。In ancient China，Folk characters do not come out from the usual ways、Start with low -level officials and then slowly promotes it，Instead, the court is recruited directly below、Characters who get a higher status at once，Known as "Zhengshi" or "Zheng Jun" -Regardless of whether he is out of the mountain later。Scholars in the wild can get the recruitment of the court，It's a very face -saving thing。

Tao Yuanming has previously been an official many times，and since he abandoned Peng Zeling's return home，bet365 live casino games He becomes a folk scholar。Tao Yuanming was once known as the "Zhengshi"，It was because he had received the recruitment of the court after he returned，It is possible to re -leave the mountain。But this matter was not realized later。

The earliest called "Tao Zhengshi" Tao Yuanming was a young friend Yan Yanzhi，It mentioned in the essay that "there is a Jin Zheng to find Yang Tao Yuanming，Nanyue Youyou also "，"There is a signs of the book，It is not impossible to get sick。Several spring and autumn，Yuan Jia Four -Year Month，Dinner in Xunyang County, a mile "。("Tao Zheng Shi"，"Selected" Volume 58) About when Tao Yuanming was recruited，It is more vague here，It should still be in the Eastern Jin Dynasty，But it seems not far from his death -at this time it was already from the Song Dynasty (Liu Song Dynasty)。诔 has always praised sighs，Narrative does not need to be as exactly as accurate and specific as biography。

Shen Yue's "Song Book · Hidden Biography" is Tao Yuanming Li Zhuan，Clearly record "Yixi End，Shengzuo Zuolang，No "。Yixi is the year number of the Eastern Jin Dynasty，Fourteen years (405-418)。From this we know，Tao Yuan is clearly "with the Jinzhi"。

Later, Tang Xiu's "Jin Shu · Hidden Biography" said: "Three years of bet365 best casino games Yixi，Jieyin to the county，Nai Fu "Go Go" ...，Remarks Lang，No。"Tao Yuanming part of Li Yanshou's" South History · Hidden Biography "said:"，Remarks as a book Zuo Lang，No。"" "Song Book · Hidden Biography" generally combined。

But Xiao Tong's statement in "Tao Yuanming Biography" is different from Shen Yue，Here, it will be passed on to the court's recruitment in the year or a little before his death: "Yuan Jia will reconcile his life for four years，Well，Sixty -three years。""，It is the emerging Liu Song dynasty to hire Tao Yuanming out of the mountain。Xiao Tong is the first person to compose a collection of Tao Yuanming，The materials mastered are very rich，Shen Yue's "Song Book · Hidden Biography" must have seen it，But he does not take the old saying on this major node and has another record，The statement should be reliable basis。Zhong Yan's "Poetry" is called Tao Yuanming as "Song Zhengshi"，The records of the same Xiao Tong just just echo each other。

This is here，About Tao Yuanming is recruited, there will be "two sayings"，One said in the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty，Remarks as a book (or a book Zuo Lang)，No; one said that shortly before the death of Tao Yuanming in Yuanjia，I don’t know what position I plan to ask him，And he "will recover bet365 Play online games his life，Killing "-It seems that he is likely to agree to the mountain，But the regrettable is，The older body is already very bad，I died soon。The truth of the incident should be that Tao Yuanming was recruited twice: First in the end of Yixi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty，At this time, Tao Yuanming was in his fifties;，Shortly before his death。

Tao Yuanming is the first year of Yixi (405) in November，In the last year of Yixi, I still adhere to the hometown，Do not consider returning at all，This kind of persistence in "nature"、Life attitude that is unwilling to be bound by the officialdom also leaves traces in his poems，The ninth song of its group poem "Drink":

Smelling the door in the morning，Pour on Self -opening。Who is the question? Father Tian has a good conception。

Porta Purdles Far View，Suspected me and Shiqi。Under the Mao Cave，Not enough to be high。

The same life is the same，May Jun Qi Qi Mud。Deeply feels father's words，Harmony of qi。

纡辔 可，Disgusting yourself? Let's drink this drink，I can't return my driving。

"Shang Tong" is with the big current、The meaning of me from the public，A rural friend of Tao Yuanming advised Tao Yuanming to say: Everyone talks about it，Just follow you，Don't know about current affairs。Tao Yuanming thanked this，But say: My nature Bet365 app download is to live in seclusion，I don’t want to force myself，Don’t plan to go back。Let's not talk about these，Still come to drink bars!

"I can't return" in the poem is Tao Yuanming's answer from the persuasion of the "Father Tian"; and in life，It should be the answer to "There is a signs of the book"。

As for why Tao Yuanming suddenly said that he can also consider the mountain，I can't see any specific materials，speculated，It seems that three explanations can be made。One is the old gentleman's quiet thought，I feel that my car driving is actually not able to "change direction"。If it was not a sudden death，Tao Yuanming's final image may change。Second, he is economically stressful in his later years，This should be an important cause of his re -consideration of the mountain。In the early years, Tao Yuanming went out many times，Revisked multiple times，The logic between it is often economical that it is economical，Just go home and enjoy free rural life，economic distress，Just get some income to support their families。(See the Humble Working "How Tao Yuanming is Fantastic"，"China Reading News" June 17, 2020 "Watching" Edition) Third, as Su Shi said，"Tao Yuanming's desire to be，Not suspected Bet365 app download of seeking it，If you want to hidden, you will hidden，No high as a high "。("Dongpo Title Post" Volume 3 "Book Li Jianfu Poetry") He is a chic，Not to mention that you are not asking for officials now，Instead, the court came to hire，What can't you go! In his later years, Tao Yuanming said in his conversation with Liu Song's official Yan Yanzhi: "，Fang Fang is a gap。Philosopher Volume Shu，cloth in front of。"(" Tao Zhengshi ") Being a man must be a little bit more，No need to keep any dogma。These words are naturally his teachings to young friends，At the same time, it should also be a description of his changes in his old age.，It can be used to explain why his recruitment of the court is very acceptable。

Entry and retreat free，Philosopher Volume Shu，Decision，Change when it changes。Tao Yuanming is very flexible and respectable。

(Author Unit: School of Literature, Yangzhou University)