Zhou Yang (1908-1989)，Pen name Zhouqi Ying、Yunyi，Yiyang people in Hunan，Marxist literary theorist。Joined the Communist Party of China in 1927。Graduated from Shanghai Daxia University in 1928，Studying in Japan in the same year。Back to Shanghai in 1930，Lead China's left -wing revolutionary literary movement，Ren Zuolian Party Secretary，Secretary of the Cultural Commission of the Central Bureau of the Shanghai Central Bureau and Secretary of the Cultural Alliance，Editor -in -chief of the Literature Newspaper "Literature News"。After the outbreak of the Anti -Japanese War，Go to Yan'an in the fall of 1937。Head of the Education Department of the Shaanxi -Gansu -Ningxian Border Area，Deputy Dean of Lu Xun Academy of Art and Literature、Dean，President of Yan'an University，Vice President of North China United University，Jinchaji Central Bureau、Minister of Propaganda Department of the North China Bureau，​​Deputy Minister of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China，Deputy Minister of Culture、Party Secretary，Vice Dean of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Dean of the Graduate School、Member of the Department of Studies，Vice Chairman of the Chinese Federation、Chairman，Vice Chairman of the China Writers Association。Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection，Member of the Guard Committee，National First、2、The representative of the Third Session of the National People's Congress，National First、2、3、Fourth CPPCC Standing Committee and 5th Member，The Eighth Central Equal Committee of the Communist Party of China、Eleventh Central Member、Representative of the Twelfth Party Congress。Published by 1928。Zhou Yang's article includes: "About National Defense Literature" (1934)、"Preface to Marxism and Literature" (1944)、"Serving the Great People" (1962)、"Three Great Ideological Liberation Movements" (1979) and "Discussion on Several theoretical Issues of Marxism" (1983)。Joining the Chinese Writers Association in 1952。Bring the papers "Age of the New Mass" and "Resolutely Implementing Mao Zedong Literary Line"，Translated novels "Anna Carenina" "Life and Aesthetics"，Select "Marxism and Literature"，Published "Zhou Yangwen Collection" (Volume 5), etc.。

Deputy Minister of Culture Xia Yan、Qian Junrui and the vice chairman of the Writers Association Zhou Yang (right) are talking。Picture Source: China News Picture Network

In the century -old development process of the Communist Party of China，Zhou Yang for socialist literature and art、The development of Marxist literary theory has made many major contributions; he has long served as an important leader position，Collection politicians、Literary artists in one body，It is the famous Marxist literary theorist in modern Chinese literature and art、One of the pioneers of the proletarian revolutionary literature movement。General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the 14th collective study of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee: We must adhere to the "Great History Concept"，Put the May 4th Movement to the History of Civilization, Civilization, the Chinese Nation、History of more than 170 years of struggle for more than 170 years since the Chinese People's Modern、The Communist Party of China knows and grasp in the history of more than 90 years of struggle，and 500 years of world socialist history is also an important perspective。General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in the speech at the party history study and education mobilization conference: "To educate and guide the whole party's great rejuvenation strategy of the Chinese nation and the world's unscrupulous situation，Establish a big historical concept，From History Changhe、Tide of Times、Analysis and bet365 Play online games evolution mechanism in global storms、Explore historical laws。"" Great History "provides theoretical compliance for our historical contribution of Zhou Yang today: from the history of modernization in China for the past 200 years，Zhou Yang is the promoter of modern literature and art，contributes to the development of modern Chinese literature and the modernization of the Chinese nation led by the Communist Party of China;，He is the promoter of the nationalization of literature and art，To promote the ethnicization of modern Chinese literature and art、Volkswagen and the excellent traditional culture of China have made important contributions; from the perspective of more than 500 years of world socialist history，Mao Zedong's literary thought is an important theoretical achievement made by the development of Marxist literature in China，As an important interpreter，Zhou Yang contributed to the development of socialist literature and art in China and the development of the world Marxist literature。

　Bet365 lotto review

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "，Changes and openness are the historical normal of China。"" realize modernization，It is the transformation of the Chinese nation、Open、Inner needs of development。Later, the unique historical situation of the generations，3509_3527，Study abroad、Thoughts outside the interpretation domain，Become an important way to become a generation of advanced intellectuals in search of China's modernization road。Zhou Yang during college，Start contact with Marxism。After graduating from college in 1928，He has briefly studying in Japan，Contact left -wing culture，Enter the left -wing progressive person，Buy a lot of left -wing English books，Read Asia、literary works in countries such as Europe and America，Especially for the unique experience of Soviet -Russian literary and artistic works。，Translator、Study foreign literature and art and theory，It has become an important part of Zhou Yang's literary activities。His translated American writer Guild Short Story、Soviet novels "Great Love", "Anna Kalenina", "Orov Couple" and Chelnibsky "Life and Aesthetics", "Selected Works of Cheer Nicowski", etc.，Published on "American Writers" and "Overview of Brazil Literature" and other papers，Especially for Chelnixevsky、Gorky and other in -depth research。These translations and research work have played an important role in promoting the modernization of Chinese literature and art。

Zhou Yang called the May Fourth Movement as the first "Great Ideological Liberation Movement" experienced by the Chinese people's experience，He himself also embarks on the road to revolutionary literature and art under the call of the May 4th spirit。May 4th Movement opened the modernization process of Chinese literature and art and culture，As a personal calendar of the New Literature and Marxist Literature Critics，Zhou Yang to Lu Xun、Guo Moruo、Tian Han、Cao Yu、Lao She、Zhao Shuli and many modern writers' works have been analyzed and studied。Yan'an period，He talked about "History of Chinese Literature and Art Movement"，and compiled the "Outline of the History of the New Literature Movement"。After the founding of New China，His organization、Leading university liberal arts including textbooks including literary theory，The writing of the national unified textbook "History of Modern Chinese Literature" has put forward important specific opinions。During the reform and opening up，Zhou Yang proposed the concept of "new period literature and art"，Actively promote the ideological liberation movement of the literary and art circles and the implementation of the "double hundred" and "two" guidelines。"May 4th Literature", "Seventeen -year Literature and Art", "New Year Literature and Art" in the history of modernization of literary and artistic modernization，Zhou Yang has played an important promotion role，It has an important impact on the writing and theoretical construction of the history of modern literature and art。

Yan'an period，Zhou Yang began to directly engage in the organizational bet365 Play online games work of the party's literary and art cause。After the founding of New China，His Cultural Federation、Vice Chairman of the Association of Writing Association，Well ordered to hosted three conferences and made a review by Mao Zedong、Report after modified，Organizing literary workers、Leading the development of socialist literature and art, played an important role。At the second council expanded meeting of the China Writers Association held in 1956，Zhou Yang made a long report "The Mission to Construction of Socialist Literature"。1961，Shooting with Yuan Shui、Zhang Guangnian and others discussed the "Opinions on Several Issues on Literature and Art Work (Draft)" (hereinafter referred to as "Eight Articles of Literature and Art")。After returning in the new period，He re -in charge of literary work。1981，He convened Lin Mohan and others to talk about draft new "eight literary arts"。The modernization of these tasks for Chinese literature and art、The development of socialist literature and art led by the party has played an important role in promoting。

　　Promotioner and leader of literary nation

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Chinese Communists are not historic nihilisms，Not a cultural nihilist "，"Chinese Communists have always been loyal successors and promoters of China's excellent traditional culture"。The basic principle of Marxism is specific with China、Combination of excellent traditional Chinese culture，Realization does not continue to promote the Sinicization of Marxism，It is the basic successful experience obtained by the party's century -old development.。In this regard，Zhou Yang has always been the promoter and leader of the nationalization of literature and art。

During the "Zuo Lian" period, the Volkswagen Movement of the Literary and Art Corporation also raised national forms in the new situation of the Anti -Japanese War，Zhou Yang actively participated in the discussion。In the article "The Opinions of the Old Form in Literature" he wrote later: "、The fine ingredients in the old art forms of the folk absorbing the new literature and art，Give new literary and artistic nutrition，Make the new literature more ethnic、Popularization，More solid and rich "，"Writing Chinese people in the living authenticity"，It will be "Chinese style and Chinese style" and "real national form"。Mao Zedong pointed out in "New Democraticism": "The form of the nation，New Democratic content -This is our new culture today，"Speech at the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium" further clearly pointed out the popularization of literature and art、Establish the fundamental way to establish a national form。interpreter of Mao Zedong's literary thoughts，Zhou Yang has always had continuous theoretical discussion on the form of literary and artistic forms。

After the founding of New China，Zhou Yang is directly organized、Promoting the development of literary and art nation，Especially in the artistic reform and development of national opera art。At the National Opera Work Conference in 1950，He made the opening speech and summary report，Emphasize that the "traditional drama" and "foundation" of the "Chinese Nationality Art Heritage" should be used as the "Chinese National Heritage" as the "Chinese National New Drama"。Based on this, the report is drafted and reviewed by Zhou Enlai、"Instructions on the Reform of Opera Reform" issued，The programming guideline of becoming the reform of the New Chinese opera reform。At the first national opera watch performance conference in 1952，Zhou Yang made a long article summary report for "Reform and Developing the Art of National Opera"，In addition, I have also made reports such as "Questions about How to inherit the National Heritage in Drama" and other reports。At the first national drama work conference in 1956，Zhou Yang also made a long report。His emphasizes "new culture of socialism、New art must be based on the basis of national culture traditions "，and "Chinese opera in terms of language or structure，All the best examples of ethnicization "，"Chinese opera is a kind of inheritance living in the people，It has classical and folk flavors。Its people's nature is very strong; its unique and refined performance bet365 live casino games art arouses the world's surprise "，It should be "introduced to new" by dialectical methods，"Inherit and innovate my country's excellent literary and artistic heritage，Make them part of the advanced socialist culture "，"New literature and art that makes various forms and genres has a more diverse national characteristics"，Develop "a variety of socialist new national literature and art"。These literary thoughts and related organization activities, etc.，It played an important role in promoting the nationalization of New Chinese drama creation。Nationalization and popularization of literary and artistic creation、Folk literature and art is closely linked together，That's，Zhou Yang has published the "Speech at the Establishment Conference of the Volkswagen Art Creation Research Association", "Opening Presence of the Establishment Conference of the China Folk Literature and Art Research Association"，Organize、Promote the development of the new folk song movement。

In the new period of reform and opening up，Zhou Yang made a long speech "Further Innovation and Development of Opera Arts" at the 1980 opera and play work symposium，Emphasizing "the spiritual civilization we want to build should also be with Chinese characteristics"。He also reflected in his later years: "In the early stages of liberation of the country，We have been alert to the mistakes made by ‘proletarian culture school’，For the cultural heritage of my country，He also reflected in his later years: "In the early stages of liberation of the country，Therefore, there are fewer mistakes，The results are also more significant。"Avoid the negative effects of cultural and historical nihilism such as" proletarian culture "，It is also one of the reasons for the "seventeen -year literature and art" to achieve significant results，And Zhou Yang contributed here more。

other，Zhou Yang also delivered a speech such as "Regulations on the Publishing and Publication of Ancient Books"，Constantly promoting the integration of Chinese excellent traditional cultural resources into socialist literature、Cultural Development。Since the new period，Zhou Yang has also done "Building Socialism、The Music Culture of the Nation -Speech at the Music Creation Symposium。During the establishment of the establishment conference of the important classic of the ancient Chinese literary theory "Wenxin Eagle Dragon"，In the answer to the reporter of "Social Science Front",，Zhou Yang proposed "about the construction of Marxist literary theory with the characteristics of Chinese nation"，It is pointed out that ancient Chinese literary theoretical heritage is very rich、Valuable，Emphasizing the construction of Marxist literary theory must have the foundation of its own nation。

　"Selection of Zhou Yangwen" in 2009 was published by People's Literature Press。        

　　People's Literature Publishing House 1992 edition of "Lev Tolsta Thai Collection" Volume 9 is Zhou Yang's translation "Anna Calenina"。

The builder of Chinese literary theory

Zhou Yang is Marxist literary theory、The development of socialist literature and art has made outstanding contributions in China。He wrote the postscript for "The Art of Marx Engelin Leinen"，Selected "Marxism and Literature" and wrote preface，The spread of Marxist literary thought in China has played an important role。During the "Zuo Lian" period，Zhou Yang actively translated the literature of the Soviet Union's literary and artistic development，The first fully explained the theory of socialist realism。Later，He is guided by Marxism for realism、Basic theory of literary and artistic basic theory such as romanticism has always been discussed。After the founding of New China，Zhou Yang published "Establishing China's own Marxist Literary Theory and Critic", etc.，Constantly promoting the development of Marxist literary theory in China。

Zhou Yang claims to be "propaganda of Mao Zedong's literary thought、Practitioner "。An important theoretical result of Marxist literary thought in China's development is Mao Zedong's literary thought，Its classic is Mao Zedong's "Speech at the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium"。As one of the constructors of Chinese Marxist literature，Zhou Yang's outstanding theoretical contribution is first reflected in Bet365 lotto review the interpretation of the speech、Research and propaganda。After 1937 to Yan'an，He started to associate with Mao Zedong。Mao Zedong communicates with Zhou Yang as the theorist，I also heard Zhou Yang’s opinion when modifying the theory of "New Democracy"。A dozen essays written by Zhou Yang during the Yan'an period，Most of them were sent to Mao Zedong for review，Mao Zedong has done dozens of modifications and annotations for Zhou Yang's "The Opinions of the Old Form in Literature"。1942，Zhou Yang assisted in preparing for the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium，Collect the opinions of the "Luyi" literary artists、Content、Materials in the creation and other aspects are submitted to Mao Zedong。Zhou Yang listened to the "Introduction" report made by Mao Zedong at the first meeting of the symposium，Organize discussions after the meeting，and made a long speech at the second meeting，Since then listened to Mao Zedong’s "Conclusion" report，I participated in the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium。Since then，Zhou Yang became the research interpreter of the spirit of "Speech at the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium"、Propaganda Promotioner，Has made a significant contribution to the development of Sinicized Marxist literary thought。

After the founding of New China，Zhou Yang published "The Tenth Anniversary of Speech at the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium", "The Tenth Anniversary of the Published by the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium", "Speaking at the Speech on the Speech at the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium" " Services -Commemorating Comrade Mao Zedong's "Twenty Anniversary of Speech at the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium"。At the same time，He also implemented the spirit of "Speaking" to the popularization of literature and art、Nationalization、Literature and Political Relations、Theoretical research and literary and artistic criticism of literary realism，and "Speaking" spiritual organization、Leading the development of socialist literature and art。Deng Xiaoping "The Wishes of the Fourth Congress of Chinese Literature and Art Workers" is another classic literature of Marxist literary theory。At this conference，Zhou Yang made "Following the Pasting，The theme report of the new period of prosperous socialism，It played an important role in the further development of Marxist literary theory in the new era。

　Watch the historical contributions of Zhou Yang and its literary theory and ideas from the Great History

The above sorting of the history of the history of Zhou Yang's theory of theory is inevitable to hang out。In the 100 -year development process，The leaders of the Communist Party of China have embarked on the right modernization path and achieved great success for more than 5,000 years of civilization.，and the Chinese socialist revolution and construction，It is also an important part of the modern world socialist movement。Zhou Yang's modern revival with the Chinese nation led by the Communist Party of China、The prosperity and development of socialist literature and art business，His status and role in the history of modern literature and art，Mao Zedong's literary thoughts and thoughts of the crystallization of Marxist literary theory of Chineseization。

囿 囿 囿、Professional narrow vision, etc.，For a period of time，Some researchers cannot fully understand the historical status in the history of Mao Zedong's literary thought in China and even the world of modern literary and artistic thought。In recent years，With the opening of the research field and the in -depth theoretical discussion，The understanding of these aspects can be preliminarily changed。Research found that Mao Zedong's works have extremely wide spread abroad，In 1954, Britain translated and published the English version of "Mao Zedong Selected Works" Volume 1，1959 Iceland published "Mao Zedong Selected Works" Volume 1，In the early 1960s, the United States published two English versions of "Mao Zedong Selected Works"。Some scholars have pointed out: "Mao Zedong's works are spread outside，It is the beginning of the spread of Chinese culture in the late Ming Dynasty.，The first time the active dissemination of Chinese culture overseas communication in more than 400 years。"" The judgment that China has just accepted the influence of the West since the modernization of modernization is untenable。Look at the history of modern literary theory，bet365 Play online games In 1949, France published Mao Zedong's "Speech at the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium"，1950，The United States and Britain almost published the English translation of "Speech" at the same time; Western literary theorist Malaysia has a lot of citations，Mao Zedong philosophy and literary thoughts against Alduce、Sartre、Bov Wa、Badio、Jameson and other Western theorists also have many influences。Crystal of the collective wisdom of the Communist Party of China，It is also the crystallization of the collective wisdom of Chinese Marxist literary and artistic researchers，Mao Zedong's literary thoughts have an extremely extensive world impact。Starting from the "Great History Outlook" proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping，can fully reveal this world impact，can also reveal the historical contribution of Zhou Yang, who is a research and interpreter of Mao Zedong's literary ideology,。

From the three major historical frameworks involved in the "Great History Concept": in the history of Chinese modernization in the past 200 years，Chinese advanced intellectuals for the independence and revival of the Chinese nation，"Seeking new knowledge outside the domain" and criticizing the feudal old culture，May 4th Movement，Later intellectual circles have differentiated，Many intellectuals choose Marxism、Socialism，prompted the establishment of the Communist Party of China。Understand this historical choice of advanced intellectuals such as Zhou Yang and the Chinese people，It also needs to be fully combined with more than 500 years of world socialist history。History of the Opium War to the May 4th Movement shows that China, which has been discovered, has realized ethnic independence and rejuvenation by copying Western capitalist roads，The October Revolution in Russia marks that world history has entered the era of socialist revolution，Chinese people conform to the general trend of world historical progress、"Standing on the right side of history" chose socialism，World Socialism has also opened the road of development in China，The Chinese nation is seeking to be independent、The modernization road of Fuxing has emerged in major historical turns。At the beginning of the birth of capitalism，Utopia socialist thoughts that criticized capitalism appeared，With the maturity and development of capitalism，Marx Engels has developed socialism (utopian) socialism into scientific socialism，The October Revolution in Russia further transforms this idea into practice。This indicates that in the modern overall pattern of human society and their thoughts，Socialism and capitalism are developed with each other，Not only capitalism has the so -called "modernity"，Socialism and their thoughts also have modernity，and have stronger progress。The leader of the modernization of the Chinese nation，The thinking of the Communist Party of China is both modern，It is also progressive，This is also concentrated in Mao Zedong's literary thoughts。interpreter of Mao Zedong's literary thoughts、Building of Chineseization Marxist literary theory，Zhou Yang and other Chinese Marxist literature researchers also have this modernity、Progressive and global meaning，It has an important historical status in the history of modern literary and artistic thought in China and even the world，It has an important revelation for our self -confidence in adhering to Marxism today。

Look at the history of Chinese civilization for more than 5,000 years，"Change and openness is the historical normal of China"，Stepping on the modernization road，It is also the change of the Chinese nation itself、Open、Inner needs of development，Choose Marxism、Socialism、The Communist Party of China also has the inner root of Chinese culture。This is a concentrated manifestation in the continuous development of Marxist Sinicization，And Mao Zedong's literary thought is also an important achievement of the modernization of the excellent literary thoughts of China，Zhou Yang and other Chinese Marxist literary theory researchers also have a high degree of nationality，Essays of the innovative development of Chinese outstanding literary thoughts in the modernization process，There is still an important revelation for our firm cultural self -confidence today。

Bet365 lotto review In short，Centennial History of the Communist Party of China，It constitutes the era of the socialist revolution in world history，The main trunk of the modern history of the Chinese nation with a history of 5,000 years of civilization。Conform to the trend of world development and progress，The Communist Party of China led the Chinese people to win the victory of the socialist revolution，Realized the historic leap of the Chinese nation's "standing up"，Open the business of socialist construction and achieve major achievements，Many twists and turns in the meter，I have encountered many challenges。The 1990s，World Socialist Development is in a trough，and China continues to hold high scientific socialist banner，Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era，Realized historic leap from "rich" to "strong"，opened a better future for world socialism and human society -this century -old has fully proved the Chinese nation、The correctness of the Chinese people choose the Communist Party of China -only in such a large historical framework，can fully reveal the historical contribution of Zhou Yang and other Marxist literary theorists。From the theoretical resources,，General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: Building a philosophy and social science with Chinese characteristics，To fully absorb Marxist resources、Resources of the excellent traditional culture of China、Three resources of resources of foreign philosophy and social sciences。Zhou Yang's contribution to literary and artistic Chinese characteristics，It is first reflected in the full absorption of these three major resources。Today，Only the global change of the great rejuvenation strategy of the Chinese nation and the world's unscrupulous situation，Establish a big historical concept，Conform to the general trend of world development and progress，Always "stand on the right side of history"，and the Communist Party of China、Chinese People's、Chinese nation's rest and common，The literary theory can only do something in the construction of Chinese characteristics，This is an important revelation left by Zhou Yang。

　(Author Unit: Institute of Literature of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)