From a research perspective, rhetorical rhetoric research can be divided into two categories: traditional rhetorical rhetoric research and cognitive rhetorical rhetoric research。Traditional rhetoric research thinks,Rhetoric figures are common in literary works,The function is only to modify the text,To achieve aesthetic effects,Additional components of everyday language,It is an unconventional language phenomenon;Research on cognitive rhetoric,Rhetoric is a common phenomenon,denies the essential difference between literary language and everyday language,The function is not limited to modifying text,It is an important reflection of human thinking。The author explains the cognitive research on bet365 best casino games,Aims to illustrate the dependence and organizational pattern of a series of bet365 best casino games,And think this is a great progress in cognitive research on bet365 best casino games,Reflects strong theoretical tension and original thinking。
As an important scholar in this field,Famous Spanish cognitive linguist、Editor-in-Chief of Review of Cognitive Linguistics R. Professor de Mendoza proposed the cognitive network model of bet365 best casino games。As a new achievement in cognitive research on bet365 best casino games,It makes up for the imbalance problem in previous rhetorical studies,Realized the integration of cognitive linguistics and rhetoric,Opens up broad prospects for cognitive research on various bet365 best casino games。
Integrating bet365 best casino games Linguistics and Rhetoric
Cognitive research on bet365 best casino games begins with G. Lakoff and M. Metaphors We Live by Johnson co-authored。They think,Rhetoric is an important linguistic phenomenon that reflects the human cognitive system。Afterwards,Conceptual metaphor、Conceptual metonymy and the interaction between the two have received unprecedented attention。However,As of now,Cognitive research on other bet365 best casino games in language is still in a vacuum or gray area。To solve this problem,Mendoza proposed the cognitive network model of bet365 best casino games,Considers that all bet365 best casino games in language can be reasonably explained from the perspective of cognitive operation,And bet365 best casino games are not isolated,There are various correlations,There are also differences in semantic effects。
The cognitive operation of bet365 best casino games involves two basic relationships: one,domain-internal relations,That is A FOR B,There are two types: cognitive domain expansion (expansion) and cognitive domain reduction (reduction),Can explain metonymy;Part 2,cross-domain relations,i.e. A IS B。There are two types of cross-domain relationships or cross-domain reasoning: two domains are similar and two domains are different。The former can explain simile、Metaphor、Overstatement and understatement,The latter can explain irony、Paradox and oxymoron。Of course,Intra-domain relationships and cross-domain relationships can also interact。
bet365 best casino games are in an interconnected and hierarchical network,Divided into basic (basic) bet365 best casino games and non-basic (non-basic) bet365 best casino games。The conceptual structure and meaning effects of the former do not need to rely on other bet365 best casino games,Is self-standing,Includes all bet365 best casino games listed above。The latter is derived from the former,Including metonymy (hypocatastasis)、Synesthesia、Analogy、Allegory、Synecoche、merism、Anthimeria、Change name (antonomasia)、Proverbs、hypallage、Exaggeration (auxesis)、Meiosis、Antinarrative (litotes)、Irony (sarcasm)、antiphrasis、Satire and prolepsis。
The figure of speech type network establishes connections in three ways: first,Type-type item (type-token) relationship,If there is a category synecdoche under the metonymy type、phase generation、Change class、Renaming and moving。Second,overlap relationship,Like a metaphor、Analogies and various forms of simile,There are overlaps in some features between them,But there is no question of who is whose variant。Third,Convertibility relationship,As expected, description can be transformed into another figure of speech through shared characteristics under certain contextual and discourse conditions。Also,There are two types of semantic effects of bet365 best casino games: denotational semantic effects and attitudinal semantic effects。Metaphor、Analogy、Simile、metonymy、Paradox and antithesis salient referential semantics,Their focus is mainly through a type of entity、Situation or event to interpret another type of entity、Situation or event。Irony and exaggeration are specially used to express the speaker’s attitude。
The cognitive network model of rhetorical figures reflects the integration of cognitive linguistics and rhetoric。Professor Mendoza believes that each type of non-basic rhetorical figure has a strong correlation with the cognitive operation of a basic rhetorical figure,It is also the basis of the semantic effect of bet365 best casino games。
Taking the basic rhetorical figure irony as an example。Professor Mendoza thinks,This figure of bet365 best casino games is a sharp contrast between conceptual situations or conceptual events in two cognitive domains,Conflict results。The target domain is observable reality,The speaker assumes that it is obvious to the hearer;The source domain is the false assumption or belief that the speaker pretends to agree with。The conceptual conflict between the two domains ultimately leads to cross-domain mapping,Cancellation of conceptual structure of the source domain,What Professor Mendoza calls “frame structure override”。Of course,This is based on the listener having enough discourse clues、Intonation clues、Based on gesture clues, etc.。“Frame structure coverage” is the key for the listener to understand the meaning of ironic attitude through conventional reasoning mechanism。
Let’s take the non-basic rhetorical figure of extreme exaggeration (auxesis) as an example。As the name suggests,It is the maximum extreme value of hyperbole in measurement,The semantic effect also comes from cross-domain mapping。Among them,The source domain is a disproportionate up-scaling of a scalar concept,is virtual;The target domain is this scalar concept,such as entity、A true representation of a situation or event。The listener’s emotional response to the exaggerated target domain,Resulting in the generation of the attitude meaning of this figure of bet365 best casino games。
Has important theoretical and application value
The theoretical value of the cognitive network model of bet365 best casino games lies in,It emphasizes the theoretical feasibility of cognitive research on bet365 best casino games。As a new achievement in cognitive research on bet365 best casino games,The cognitive network model of rhetorical figures realizes the integration of cognitive domain operations and rhetorical figures research,Reflects interdisciplinary characteristics,Because it incorporates cognitive linguistics、Important ideas in disciplines such as rhetoric and semantics。Its core point,Such as the universality of cognitive operations、Relevance of bet365 best casino games、The regularity of semantic effects are well reflected in this network model。
The cognitive network model of bet365 best casino games makes up for the imbalance problem in cognitive research on bet365 best casino games。Cognitive linguistics and rhetoric are closely linked,The two complement each other、Complement each other。But when dealing with rhetorical language,Cognitive linguists have focused their attention mainly on so-called major bet365 best casino games,Especially metaphor and metonymy,Occasionally exaggerated and ironic,Other bet365 best casino games have not received enough attention,Theoretical significance is generally underestimated。Also,The correlation and semantic effects between bet365 best casino games have also received little academic attention。The cognitive network model of bet365 best casino games shows the following characteristics: it pays attention to the cognitive interpretation of main and non-main bet365 best casino games at the same time;Seeking the typological intrinsic connection between bet365 best casino games;Explore the semantic effects of bet365 best casino games, etc.。All these,All of them have made up for the imbalance problem in cognitive research on bet365 best casino games to a certain extent。
The cognitive network model of bet365 best casino games has strong application value。Under the cognitive network model of bet365 best casino games,All rhetorical phenomena in language expression have been uniformly explained,Including basic bet365 best casino games and non-basic bet365 best casino games、Common bet365 best casino games and rare bet365 best casino games, etc.。The cognitive network model of bet365 best casino games provides a comprehensive, systematic and interrelated research path for language research,requires that we should not just focus on metaphor and metonymy phenomena,Rather, they should be placed within the entire cognitive network of bet365 best casino games,Seeking a unified cognitive explanation for various rhetorical figures,And build the interconnections between them。To explain the cognitive motivations and semantic effects of a certain figure of speech in detail,Only in the network system through comparison and contrast with other bet365 best casino games。Although the cognitive network model of bet365 best casino games is based on English,But it is in the study of Chinese and other languages,Especially the systematic explanation of the cognitive operations behind a specific language based on a certain figure of speech,has great advantages and application prospects,To be verified and improved in future research。
(This article is a phased result of the Hebei University of Economics and Business Youth Project "Corpus-based Intersubjective bet365 best casino games English Constructions" (2019QN03)
(Author’s affiliation: Institute of Foreign Languages, Beijing Foreign Studies University、Foreign bet365 best casino games Teaching Department of Hebei University of Economics and Business)
Friendly links: Official website of bet365 best casino games Social Sciences |
Website registration number: Beijing Public bet365 best casino games Security No. 11010502030146 Ministry of Industry and Information Technology:
All rights reserved by China Social Sciences Magazine. No reproduction or use without permission is allowed
Chief editor’s email: zzszbj@126.com Contact information of bet365 best casino games website: 010-85886809 Address: Floor 11-12, Building 1, No. 15 Guanghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing Postal Code: 100026
>