Urbanization is a "double -edged sword"，While creating economic prosperity，It also brings a lot of resources and energy consumption、Ecological environment worsening and other problems。China's traditional urbanization is mainly led by the government and control，Features of population and industrial agglomeration，It is manifested as excessive pursuit of the increase in the number of cities and towns and the expansion of scale，Ignoring the quality of urbanization。This kind of rapid urbanization with land finance and industrialization is an important reason for overcapacity。To cope with a series of problems that occur in traditional urbanization，The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China officially proposed the implementation of the "new urbanization" strategy。The National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Key Mission of the 2019 New Urbanization Construction in 2019" clear requirements，Adhere to new development concepts in various places，Accelerate the implementation of the urbanization of people as the core、New -type urbanization strategy to improve quality -oriented。The essence of new urbanization is urban modernization，Involved in the economy、Population、Social and environmental aspects，And can promote overcapacity through the following path。

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Low technical level is one of the reasons that lead to overcapacity，Especially reduced market entry thresholds in related industries，distorted corporate investment behavior，induced repeated construction and over -investment。To cope with changes in macroeconomic fluctuations and market demand，Enterprises with low technical level often adopt the method of "cellar" inventory or production factors to improve the flexibility of production，to accelerate the overcapacity。Different traditional urbanization that relies on the extensive industrialization development model，New urbanization as an important carrier and support for bet365 live casino games enterprise technological innovation，Not only dense areas of enterprise technological innovation activities，It is also conducive to improving the configuration efficiency of factor resources。On the one hand，City as a gathering place for high -quality factors resources，Typical technical external characteristics，You can reduce the cost of information communication、Provide a variety of technical selection and other methods，Improve the research and development efficiency of the enterprise，Forming the "Technology" Technology "Capture" for innovative selection of corporate innovation; on the other hand，Urbanization process accelerate the division of labor and reorganization of the industry，Especially the common gathering of emerging industries and modern service industries，Improving the technical complex level and innovation ability of the enterprise in the production process，Then it provides a strong motivation for the digestion of capacity digestion and industrial upgrading。"National New Urbanization Plan (2014-2020)" also emphasized，China urbanization should take innovation as the core strategy of national development，Actively promote technological innovation、Management innovation and model innovation，Realize new types of urbanization and information、New industrialization、In -depth integration of agricultural modernization、Coordinated development。

From the perspective of the industrial level，The closing of industrial structure adjustment is an important reason for the formation of overcapacity。According to the author's calculation，between 2003-2016，The average capacity utilization rate of industrial industrial industry is only 68%，European and American standards that are less than 79%-83%of the interval。Where，General production capacity is generally overcapacity，Especially textiles、Chemical fiber、papermaking、Print、Metal、Electronics and other industries belong to industries of severe capacity overcapacity。These industries are all factor -intensive industries，The low efficiency of production factor configuration, resulting in low production capacity utilization rate。Bet365 app download The industrial structure is closely related to the factor configuration，If the industrial structure does not meet the requirements of improvement efficiency of factor configuration，will cause the problem of overcapacity。New types，Not only can promote industrialization to green environmental protection、Collection efficiency、Innovation driver and other directions changes，can also promote agricultural modernization、Industrial high -tech and manufacturing service，Laying a solid foundation for the upgrade of the industrial structure。On the one hand，The essence of urbanization process is the evolution process from low -level to advanced in the industry，Especially "economic service" optimize the configuration structure and synergy efficiency of the industry，Strengthen the economic benefits of the city，thereby improving the capacity utilization rate; on the other hand，The expansion of the city's scale is positive on the formation of industrial structure，Knowledge、Technical and service -intensive industries will choose "Starting out" through the market，With the increase in the proportion of these industries，The capacity utilization rate will also be improved。

Therefore，New urbanization as an important carrier and platform for industrial development and technological innovation，It can play a greater role in resolving overcapacity。

　　Accelerate population agglomeration and demand creation

The core of the new type of urbanization is "people -oriented"，The agglomeration process of population to the city will reduce industrial costs、Promote the development of the service industry and form a new market，Then produce a significant scale economic effect，Bring the improvement of capacity utilization and improvement of output benefits。When the population gather to a certain extent, it will also optimize the space layout of urban economic activities，Improve economic activity density，Promoting productivity growth。During the urbanization process，The quality of urban population is the key to the innovation of "dry middle school"，Human capital, the better the more quality, the more capable of capturing the opportunity for innovation and improving the product Bet365 lotto review design or production process，thereby reducing overcapacity and increasing output benefits。The specialty of technology determines the combination of production factors of high -tech enterprises，Only high -skilled manpower capital can achieve "labor matching"。With the continuous improvement of urbanization，The external nature of population agglomeration will be shared from sharing、matching and learning aspects，A knowledge overflow effect on the economic development of the area，So as to improve the return rate of production factors within the city，that is, "Big City's Productivity advantage"。

The creation of urbanization for consumer demand originated from consumer urbanization brought by population agglomeration。If industrialized creation production supply，Urbanization will release huge consumer demand。Research Discovery，Urbanization rate is every 1 percentage point increase，It will drive 7 trillion yuan in market demand。When product demand and raw material supply uncertain time，Enterprises usually store certain excess capacity for a long time，To cope with market fluctuations and maintain market position，Then the excess capacity is formed。In addition，Full demand in domestic and foreign markets, especially the huge changes in the international market after the financial crisis，It is also an important decisive factor that leads to overcapacity in China。Compared with traditional urbanization，New urbanization with the "citizenization" of the "citizenization" of agricultural transfer population will promote urban residential construction、Public Service、Infrastructure、Education Medical、Social Welfare、Significant expansion of public investment such as environmental governance，Will digest a large amount of excess capacity。In addition, the population agglomeration effect formed by the new urbanization，It will form new market demand for products and services。

　　Improve public services and urban and rural coordination

Public service equalization is the basic condition for urbanization and healthy development，But the one -sided emphasis on the growth rate of urbanization in the process of traditional urbanization，Ignoring the supply of public services supporting the city scale，bet365 best casino games As a result, the problem of "half urbanization" is more serious。Local governments In order to achieve the growth goals of regional economic and fiscal revenue，Vigorously promote the use of agricultural land use conversion，Development Zone、Park、New District、New Town and other sprung up in various places，The scale of urban construction zone is continuously expanded。But this kind of urbanization causes excess capacity，It also exacerbated the risk of unemployment，Then give the social security system、The public service system brings a heavy burden。In fact，New type，Can better solve the problem of difficulty in transformation in the process of de -capacity。During the advancement of urbanization，Local governments can use public service investment to guide economic development direction，Education、Medical、Health、Employment and environmental protection create a good investment environment，help reduce the investment and production cost of the enterprise，Improve the corporate capital margin productivity and capacity utilization rate。

During the development of urban and rural development，New type of urbanization must establish coordination、Equality、3761_3770，Realize the coordinated development of "people -earth -industry"。On the one hand，To remove the land circulation system、Institutional obstacles such as the household registration system，Promote Land、Resource、Capital、Information、Technology、Popularity such as population and other production factor flowing between urban and rural areas，Further optimize the land structure、Population Structure、Industrial structure and urban and rural space structure，To improve the efficiency and capacity utilization rate of factor configuration; on the other hand，With the in -depth communication of the urban and rural system、Interaction and form a reasonable division of labor and collaboration，The agglomeration and spilling effect of the city are becoming more and more significant，This will significantly reduce the production and operation cost of the enterprise，Improve labor productivity，Bringing income increase and consumer structure optimization of urban and rural residents，Consumption bet365 Play online games demand for public services and infrastructure，Digestive excess capacity。

　　Strengthen pollution control and environmental protection

The new type of urbanization adheres to the development concept of the overall layout of the "five -in -one"，Support with the modernization of urban governance，Emphasize the construction of people's core environmental management capabilities，Realize the environment beautiful、Sustainable development mode of ecological livability。Development model that is rooted in various regions due to pollution emissions and environmental governance、Consumption structure、historical tradition and other factors，To improve environmental quality，You need to create a new incentive mechanism and institutional environment。So，New urbanization of pollution treatment and environmental improvement，In essence, the government has formulated the corresponding environmental standards and implementation systems，Solve the problem of contamination negative externality in the process of economic subjective behavior，Objectives to achieve the coordination of ecological environment and economic development。

New urbanization construction should establish a scientific pollution governance investment system，Comprehensive use of legal and administrative means to improve the pollution governance system，Eliminating Pollution backward production capacity。On the one hand，Pollution control will increase the production and operating costs of the enterprise in the short term，Reduce the production factors of industrial enterprises and the supply of product market，to ease the degree of overcapacity; on the other hand，Forcing companies to actively adopt new production technology and energy technology，Actively eliminating pollution backward production capacity to optimize the allocation efficiency of resource factor，Improve the utilization of capacity。Specific measures include: one，The government must gradually increase the fiscal budget for industrial pollution governance，Accelerate environmental protection technology innovation，Implementation of environmental pollution third -party governance measures。Its two，Constantly improving pollution emission bet365 Play online games standards、Strengthen the responsibility of the polluting person，Supervision and investment in pollution governance by establishing a sound management and supervision mechanism。Three，Local governments also need to improve the incentive mechanism of polluting enterprises，Related tax、Preferential policies such as pollution right transactions，To cultivate good pollution control investment environment。Four，Strengthening enterprises、cooperation of social and environmental protection groups，Implement various innovative system design，Promote the public participation in environmental supervision and governance。

　(This article is the National Natural Science Foundation of the National Natural Science Foundation "Under the Path Study of China's Economic Growth: Dual Concerts based on structural adjustment and efficiency improvement" (71703153) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: School of Economics, Zhejiang University of Technology)