Third -party governance is to attract social capital participation、Important mechanism to promote the marketization process of ecological environmental protection，It is also cultivating development environmental governance and ecological protection market、Cultivate the mainstream model of the environmental protection industry。At the end of 2014，The General Office of the State Council released the "Opinions on Promoting the Governance of Third -Party Governance of Environmental Pollution"。Current，Except Tianjin、Chongqing、Liaoning and other 11 provinces and cities，Other provinces and cities across the country have issued specialized third -party governance implementation opinions，and have achieved more successful practical experience in many fields。At the same time，It also exposed some outstanding problems that affect the long -term operation of the mechanism，Urgently need to pay attention and solve。

As a relatively mature operation mode in Europe and the United States，Third -party governance is a shift to the government in my country、Market、Environmental governance mode of corporate cooperation and co -governance，Provided rich reference。The first is the "financial support+social power" mode，It mainly gives third -party governance research funds、Promotion Loans、Special subsidy and other forms of support policies，and relatively active environmental public interest litigation and social environmental monitoring mechanism，It also promoted the improvement of the third -party service supervision system。Second, the "Association Co -Mission+Unit Autonomy" mode，Give full play to the industry association in qualification review、Bidding and processing of business funds in the aspects of the management of business funds，Cultivate the association into an Bet365 app download important assistant to third -party governance，At the same time, guide the self -governance of the sewage units with the combination of third -party professional governance。Third, use high standards for environmental protection to force third -party governance mode，Use a more stricter environmental protection regulations and stricter environmental standards，Promote the professional governance plan, which is promoted to adopt third -party governance。

Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Party，my country from the overall requirements、Operation mode、Market cultivation、mechanism innovation and other aspects，Clarified the basic framework and key areas of environmental pollution third -party governance。With the support of macro policy，Third -party governance practice in various places is continuously deepened，presents the following main features。First, the object of governance is from sewage to sewage、garbage、Typical pollutants and other environmental elements treatment，Turn to environmental public infrastructure、Industrial Park and its key enterprises and other regional are regional、The field of comprehensive governance。The second is the running mode by PPP、Government purchase services and other methods are mainly，Gradually shift to encouraging sewage discharge to pay，and a market -oriented model combined with the pollution license system。Third, open up and innovate the financial support form of environmental protection enterprises participating in governance，Energy Efficiency Credit、Green Financial Leasing、Resource and environmental property rights and governance income rights pledge financing and other financial products are increasingly diversified。Fourth is the matching of regulatory law enforcement with the standardized contract of the front，Active contract text form announced by the National Development and Reform Commission，Lay a solid foundation for further Bet365 lotto review supervision and governance effects and clarifying the responsibilities of all parties。

According to the author's research on relevant departments and enterprises，There are five main aspects in problems and challenges in the process of third -party governance practice in my country。First, the lack of universal stable market profit model。Current，Environmental pollution third -party governance is mostly project as a carrier，Concentrated in water treatment project，For soil、Enthusiasm is low in the fields of atmospheric governance、Inspirational insufficient。Second, the strength of the main body is not strong，Full research and development ability，Technology、Funding strength is difficult to meet some key areas requirements。Third is the market entry threshold、Bidding Management、Governance Evaluation and other governance subject restraint mechanisms are not sound，The company does not perform a contract、Destroying and other "dishonesty" phenomena occur from time to time。Fourth, the support policies of individual local governments are not clear enough，There is doubts about the performance of the company's performance (government or polluting enterprise) in the governance enterprise。Five is the accountability system to be improved，The definition of legal responsibility for third -party governance enterprises and commissioner lacks a reasonable basis for a reasonable basis。"Opinions on Promoting Environmental Pollution Third -Party Governance" cannot be directly applied to the judicial field，Lack of targeted、operating rules regulations。

In view of the characteristics of providing environmental public services for third -party governance，Establish and improve environmental pollution third -party governance mechanism，We must respect the laws of the market、Use market mechanism，It is also necessary to scientifically perform government functions，Fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the participating subject。

First，Growing the size of the third -party governance market。The first is the field of comprehensive expansion of governance。bet365 live casino games Actively promote environmental pollution third -party governance to industrial parks、Expansion in the field of rural areas and living consumption，Encourage third -party governance enterprise innovation business model，In the cooking and domestic waste treatment、Agricultural face source pollution、Comprehensive rectification of rural environment、Corporate Energy、Innovative cooperation mode in the fields of water resources and pollutants，Guide third -party governance from a single business to comprehensive service expansion，Explore the implementation of the overall environmental performance contract service mode。Second is to accelerate the advancement of compulsory governance。Payment、Iron、Petrochemical and other heavy pollution departments，and companies that do not take governance or recovery measures as required，The government functional department uses public competition to introduce enterprises with governance and recovery capabilities for governance。Third is to improve the governance experience promotion mechanism。Make full use of the project declaration、Self -promotion、Media Report，and conference promotion、On -site observation and other methods，Promote advanced experience in various places，Promoting third -party governance from pilot demonstration to comprehensive promotion and application。

Second，Cultivate and develop a third -party governance industry。First, guide and promote governance enterprise cooperation，Create a leading head、Leading company。Encourage the industry's internal enterprises to optimize and reorganize，Create large -scale enterprise groups or industry alliances; encourages industry in the industry、Learning、Research、Gold、Political cooperation，Comprehensively enhance the market competitiveness of third -party governance companies。The second is to extend the development and governance upstream and downstream industrial chain。Actively promote the development of environmental protection equipment -related industries，Focus on Development Bet365 lotto review of Desulfur、Nitrome、Dust Departure and other air pollution treatment equipment，Urban sewage、Organic wastewater、Chemical wastewater and other water pollution treatment equipment，Urban domestic waste、Urban sludge、Solid waste treatment equipment such as building buildings，Waste electronics and sludge recycling、Comprehensive utilization equipment such as abolition of lead -acid electronic resource utilization and manufacturing industries such as environmental monitoring instruments and instruments; actively cultivate third -party governance intermediary services，Buy service through the government、Project support and other methods，Actively cultivate pricing review、Effect review、Technical Consultation and other batch of third -party governance professional evaluation agencies。Third, through the credit management system，Promoting the governance of the governance enterprise survival of the fittest。Actively promote the establishment of a third -party governance database，Establishing the qualification review system for public service projects，Improve the acceptance of third -party governance、Transfer system，Improve third -party governance punishment、Exit mechanism。Fourth is to enrich the financial taxation financial support method。Incorporate environmental pollution governance service providers into credit policy priority support objects，Development of green financial products that meet the needs of third -party governance companies in environmental pollution，Improve the mortgage loan of third -party governance rights、Third -party governance performance insurance and other businesses。

third，Standardize and innovate third -party governance profit model。First, establish a differentiated corporate revenue mode，Public facilities such as the government as the main body of the government use government purchase services and other methods to pay;，It can establish a contract payment model on the basis of negotiation; for the company's responsibility，Use the method of commissioning governance and commissioning Bet365 app download operation and pay by the enterprise。Second is to improve the standard for governance services。Technical difficulties according to environmental governance，Clarify the basic charging standards of various types of pollutants，Based on the basic pricing of the government、Payment mode of floating costs according to the actual situation of the market。Third is to gradually form a effective assessment of the management market price system。Optimized project cost analysis，Improve project cost estimation and pollution effect evaluation system，Forms a cost -effective pricing mode。Fourth is to establish a governance benefit sharing mechanism。Support third -party governance enterprises to participate in energy use right、For environmental equity transactions such as pollution rights，Ensure that the governance enterprise obtains a reasonable economic income。

Fourth，Improve and perfect the third -party governance responsibility system。On the one hand。Use credit collection management、Administrative law enforcement and other methods，Strictly crack down on the dishonesty in third -party governance; at the same time，Standards relevant government departments、Performance behavior，Effectively safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of third -party governance enterprises; items with obvious differences in governance effects and governance goals，Hamplate the responsibility of relevant subjects in accordance with the law。On the other hand，Perfecting the responsibility system。Strictly implement the "Implementation Opinions on Promoting Environmental Pollution Third -Party Governance"，The division of the main responsibility of the sewage party and the responsibility of third -party governance is agreed in the environmental service contract;、Local laws and regulations，Determine the transfer of administrative legal responsibility between the client and the third party，Ensure that the commissioner and third -party governance enterprise assume the corresponding legal liability。

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(Author Unit: Institute of Economics, Institute of Economics, Hunan Provincial Academy of Social Sciences)