Bet365 app download_of the information of

Home>Journal of Chinese Social Sciences>Economics

Promote the high -quality development of my country's overseas economic and trade cooperation zone

May 05:18, May 08, 2020 Source: "China Social Sciences", May 8, 2020, No. 1921 Author: Yan Bing Jia Huihui

　　Construction and development of industrial parks and development zones，It is an important experience in my country's rapid economic growth，It is an important feature of the "China Development Model"。Now，Construction of China's Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone has become an important way to implement the "going global" strategy，It is also an important carrier for the establishment of interests and destiny community along the "Belt and Road" countries。These overseas parks involved or constructed by China，Together with the people of the East State, we are committed to seeking common points and the maximum number of contracts，By giving full play to the advantages and potential of all parties，Mutual and win -win、Steady forward on the road of high -quality development。

　　my country's overseas economic and trade cooperation zone flourish

　　Current，There are 113 overseas economic and trade cooperation zones incorporated into the statistical scope of the Ministry of Commerce in my country。The author's statistical discovery of the information of the provincial government website information，By the end of 2019, my country's enterprises have been built in 57 countries under construction or have been established in 2019，Among them, 138 are located in countries along the “Belt and Road”。As of September 2018，The cumulative investment zone incorporated into the statistical scope of the Ministry of Commerce invested 36.63 billion US dollars，4663 companies entering the district，Payment of the host's national tax and fees 3.08 billion US dollars。Visible，China's overseas economic and trade cooperation zone has not only become an important engine to promote the economic development of the host country，I am still helping the host country to increase employment、Realize the important role of sustainable development goals。

　　Natural resources、Geographical location、Effects of factors such as labor costs and market scale，The construction of the existing overseas economic and trade cooperation zone is mainly concentrated in Asia、Africa and European developing countries and emerging economies，The distribution is more concentrated and uneven。The host country or region where the cooperation zone is located mostly in my country (such as Russia、Pakistan、Thailand、Cambodia、Vietnam) or maintain a good political and trade relationship with my country (such as Mauritius、Zambia、Nigeria、Egypt、Ethiopia)。Therefore，Establish an overseas economic and trade cooperation zone in developing countries or emerging economies，is a new model of "South -South Cooperation"，Practicing the new concept of Chinese diplomatic in the "building a community of human destiny"，Promoting the "Belt and Road" cooperation and construction。

　　From the point of view of construction，Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone has entered a scale development stage since 2006。Since 2011，There are more than 7 overseas economic and trade cooperation zones built every year，14 in 2015。But since 2015，The construction of the park once slowed，This also explains the importance of fiscal subsidies in the early stage of the park in the park。

　　Among the 20 national -level overseas economic and trade cooperation zones passed by the assessment，The largest planned area reaches 91.5 square kilometers (medium and white)，The smallest area is only 1.02 square kilometers (Peng Sheng)，The average planned area is 16.14 square kilometers。Judging from the park with 18 disclosure of investment amount，The investment scale of most parks is in the range of 5-1 billion US dollars，accounting for 72.22%。The largest investment scale is as high as 5.6 billion US dollars，and the smallest only $ 100 million，The average scale is 949 million US dollars。

　　Current，The leading industries of the overseas economic and trade cooperation zone in my country are mostly home appliances、Textile、Mechanical、Electronic、Building materials and other mature domestic more mature industries。Bet365 lotto review Combined with the leading industry type，According to the different functions of the park，The overseas economic and trade cooperation zone can be roughly divided into agricultural industrial parks、Light Industry Park、Heavy Industrial Park、Logistics Cooperation Park、High -tech Park and Comprehensive Industrial Park。In the 201 Family Cooperation Zone，There are 59 agricultural industrial parks，accounting for 29.4%; there are 38 light industrial parks，accounted for 18.9%; 26 of heavy industrial parks，accounting for 12.9%; there are 13 logistics cooperation parks，accounting for 6.5%，There are 13 high -tech parks，accounting for 6.5%，There are 52 comprehensive industrial parks，accounting for 25.9%。Among the countries along the “Belt and Road”，The largest number of agricultural industrial parks，Total 43，The proportion of 31.2%。In short，my country's existing 201 overseas economic and trade cooperation zone，Most of them are agricultural industrial parks and industrial industrial parks，But some areas have faced diversified、Development of high -end direction。

　　Park operating enterprises face multiple challenges

　　One is poor profitability、The return on investment is long。During the operation process of various development zones at all levels in China，The local government has assumed an important role，A development zone management committee itself is government agency，Two even operate by the enterprise，Enterprises have also assumed a considerable part of government functions。For the purpose of developing the local economy，The government often provides a number of policy concessions and financial support to the park。But overseas，At least the main body of the three parties in the construction process of the park: the host government、Park operating enterprise、Enterprise in the settlement。Park operating enterprises must not only strive for preferential policies from the host government as much as possible，It is necessary to obtain income from the entry -settled enterprise as much as possible to achieve profitability，Multiple games make the operation of overseas parks more complicated than the operation and management of domestic Bet365 lotto review development zones。Although the overseas economic and trade park has developed into an important platform for foreign investment in Chinese enterprises and an important starting point for the "going global" strategy，But it is still a commercial investment behavior，Need to be clear and sustainable profit model as support。Usually，There are three standards for the effectiveness of the construction of the park: one can contribute to the local area of the host country; the other is whether it is beneficial to the foreign investment of the parent country;。From the current situation，There are still many problems in the third standard，This is also the main obstacle in the construction of overseas parks to replicate domestic experience。

　　The second is the lack of top -level design in the investment layout。Due to the lack of overall strategic layout plan，Especially the strategic layout of the national level，Some cooperative zones have obvious park positioning unclear problems。Although most cooperative zones have positioned industries in the early stage of planning，But in the final investment promotion process, processing and manufacturing、Trading、Logistics、Service、Leisure and other functions in integration，Lack of its own characteristics and industry advantages，It also ignored the actual economic situation and needs of the local area,Not conducive to the implementation of the park's planning and investment promotion。

　　Third, insufficient funding and policy support。Current,The cumulative subsidy of the Central Finance of the Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone does not exceed 2 billion yuan，After the special fiscal funding of 2015 is suspended，There has been no new fiscal funding support plan to introduce。Different from the government -led public infrastructure construction in the domestic park，The Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone rely entirely on the company's early investment，As a result, most park companies are facing greater financial pressure。other，The Ministry of Commerce of my country、Bet365 lotto review The Ministry of Finance and local governments and policy banks have introduced some support policies involving overseas parks，but not systematic、The problem that does not continue is still more serious。

　　Multi -pronged approach to achieve sustainable development of the park

　　Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone not only becomes a "collective overseas、Holding the ball to warm "、Investment platform that effectively avoids risks，In front of some emergencies，Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone became the "firewall" and "stabilizer" for overseas enterprises for the first time。UNCTAD prediction in the report released at the end of March，Affected by the epidemic of new crown pneumonia，Global international direct investment in 2020 will decline by 30%-40%。In this context，Overseas park's attraction and importance of overseas investment in Chinese companies will become increasingly prominent。Therefore，It is necessary to take multiple measures，Realize the high -quality development of overseas parks。

　　First，Establish a community of development interests of overseas parks involved in multiple parties。Establishing effective interest communities is the key to the sustainable development of the park。Overseas，Park construction is an enterprise behavior，profit is the ultimate goal of the enterprise。Whether in terms of the preferential policy of the host country，Still winning the special management system of the host country，All existing problems between the interests between the host government and the park of the park。Therefore，Establish an effective interest community with the host government of the host is the key。According to the experience experience of the existing park，You can first consider joint venture with the host country、Cooperative development of the park; at the same time，If you can get support at the central government level，Create the "Chinese Government -Park Enterprise -Dongdao State Government" trinity community of interests，It is more helpful to realize the high quality of the park、Sustainable bet365 best casino games development。Of course，Park development enterprises need to be in the ratio of equity、Make a weighing between management decision -making power。

　　Second，System planning overseas parks with strategic or demonstrations。Specifically，It can be led by relevant national departments，Choose to build a group of strategic overseas co -parks in the strategic fulcrum along the “Belt and Road”，After the demonstration effect is formed,，Further advance。For example，Drawing on China -Suzhou Industrial Park, Singapore、China -Egypt Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone Experience，Coordination agency from the government、The management committee and the park development and operation enterprise three levels，Build the operating mode of key parks。Among them, there are two points that are most important，One is the efficient and pragmatic intergovernmental coordination mechanism，Establishing normalization between the working guidance committee of the national function level and the contact agency of the park's direct management department、Institutionalized communication mechanism。The second is that the overseas park management committee not only provides management services，It should also have certain independence and decision -making rights，Able to conduct effective communication with relevant departments of the host country。

　　Last，Improve supporting support policy。Establishing for the Ministry of Commerce of my country、Ministry of Finance、Trade Promotion Association、National Development Bank、China Import and Export Bank、Coordination and linkage mechanism of China Export Credit Insurance Company and related industry associations。The current weight of the current center，It is to introduce relevant financial support policies as soon as possible，Relieve the initial capital pressure of overseas parks，Good comprehensive benefits at the same time、Major projects with great influence organic series，Then promote the formation of regional cooperation industry bands。

　　(Author Unit: Research Bet365 app download Center of Nankai University Multinational Company)

Editor in charge: Changchang