With the development of technologies such as blockchain (blockchain)，Smart Contract is increasingly emerging。Smart contract is a practical function、Smart protocols for digital thinking and automated execution。Intelligent contracts create machine trust through technology，Meet people's needs for trust，Upgrade of the promotion mechanism，It is a new manifestation of social contracts in the smart age。and blockchain intelligent contracts and artificial intelligence and 5G technology together，will greatly promote the innovation and development of new technologies，Further promote the intelligentization of production tools and production relations，It is conducive to the booming development of the smart society。

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2009，Satoshi Nakamoto introduced two undisclosed subversive concepts when starting the blockchain project for the first time。First is "Bitcoin"，Is a decentralized、Points of the virtual currency unit，At present, it has attracted a lot of public attention。The second is "smart contract"，It is an automatic system that can move digital assets according to the pre -specified rules。Their appearance is inseparable from blockchain technology，is the 2.0 stage of the development of blockchain technology。Blockchain is called a self -steam engine by Klaus Schwab, the founder of the World Economic Forum,、The fourth industrial revolution technology since the invention of power and computer invention。This disruptive technology is due to its decentralization、Do not tampered with、sustainability and currency attribute，Gradually the economy of human society、Revolutionary impact of political and social life。Therefore，Many technology and financial companies are very optimistic about the potential and value of blockchain technology，Actively participate in the research and development of blockchain technology。This aspect can accelerate the research on blockchain technology，On the other bet365 Play online games hand, it provides the foundation for industry standards for the establishment of blockchain technology，Make it in the education industry、Smart Medical、Identity certification、Equity transaction、The Internet of Things and other business scenarios can be applied。

Current，In the application of the blockchain，Smart contracts are extremely important research fields。It can be said，Almost all contracts that need intermediaries to participate and automatically execute、Public certification information、Smart contracts in the fields of information storage security and other fields。Blockchain technical expert Yasin Affan and others to aggregate the user's online behavior，Forms personal reputation information data，Make smart contracts can use blockchain technology to conduct online rating for users。Technical Theorist at the Department of Philosophy of Purdue University Swan Melanie defines the timeliness concept of smart contracts，The time to obtain a certain blockchain is defined as blocktime，Use Blocktime to describe the time characteristics of smart contracts。The Italian National Research Commission software engineer Bigi Giancarlo and others introduced a decentralized intelligent contract agreement，and verify its feasibility based on the Bitcoin agreement。This protocol is a combination of game theory and digital models，It is a very promising distributed smart contract system。The application of smart contracts is not limited to the field of virtual currency，It can solve credit problems、Reduce exchange costs、Expand trade opportunities，It is an important proposition for the technological field in the smart society。

　From contract to smart contract

Economist、Judge、Manageologists, etc. give different definitions from different perspectives，But one thing is basically determined，Same transaction、Organization and system has close contact。It is generally considered，The contract is equal status in both individuals of the parties、On the premise of freedom of will, all parties at the same time to improve their economic conditions at the same time, at least rational Bet365 app download expectations, a kind of right to circulate in the transaction。Ronald H. Coase is cost -effective when it comes to the operation of the price mechanism，It indicates the concept of transaction costs and contracts。He thinks，Enterprise's replacement of the market is a series of contracts that are replaced by a contract，contract is a form of saving market transaction costs。Douglass C. North departs from new institutionalism，I believe that the system is also a contract arrangement。As for the general equilibrium theory, it means，The optimal state of reaching Packo is to reach a contract，So can only achieve this optimal state only after unanimous consent。In other words，People need to be agreed to reach a contract。and，The change of the contract and the evolution of the development and the evolution of the transaction method is interactive。On the one hand，Different transaction methods require different contracts to maintain，The contract also changes with the evolution of the transaction method; on the other hand,，With the innovation and change of the contract，It will continue to promote the evolution of transaction methods。smart contract based on blockchain technology，It is derived from the progress of the algorithm and the innovation of the transaction method。

Smart contract is an automated mechanism involving digital assets and legal protocols，When the contract takes effect (the participants reach an agreement to determine their respective rights and obligations)，The blockchain system will re -assign various smart assets in accordance with the agreement of the party。In practice，Smart contracts can run on the blockchain by giving some code to digital assets，Then use external data to trigger the contract to automatically execute，Therefore, it determines the re -distribution or transfer of digital assets in the network，Its contract target can be car、House and other material property rights，can also be equity、Bills、Digital currency and other non -material property rights。Although there are differences in definition，But in essence，Smart contracts still belong to the category Bet365 lotto review of the contract。From the perspective of formal performance，It is based on a practical function、Digital thinking and assist in formulating dynamic applicable smart protocols，Then you can get a type of intelligent contract score that belongs to the form of modern contract。From the perspective of intent，The contract theory that originated in the natural law is the basis of the contract，The contract of modern society is also generally accepted by the parties based on unanimous consent，It is also an indispensable role in smart contracts。Smart contracts can be said to be the result of both parties to the contract，Then use the algorithm for the new form of the meaning of the meaning，It just replaced the text symbol with code。

Smart contracts have some characteristics that traditional contracts do not have。First, the smart contract is executive，and low execution cost。Intelligent contracts will be required to be completed and accurately executed on time during code writing，so as to minimize the execution cost。Once the relevant conditions meet，Smart contracts are submitted to the automatic execution script for compulsory execution，It is not affected by the participants。Second, smart contracts are more credible。Because smart contracts are based on blockchain technology，The characteristics of the blockchain are that all the above data are transparent and unpopular tampering，So the entire process of smart contracts is also open and transparent，Either party can check the operating node of the smart contract anytime, anywhere。Third, smart contracts have sustainability，Only code interrupt instructions、Completion of tasks, etc. to stop his work。Theoretically speaking，The number of nodes that support blockchain networks are huge，The failure of certain nodes can not lead to the failure of smart contracts。In the future smart contract will also have predictions based on unknown scenes、Calculating experiments and a certain degree of independent decision -making function，to achieve a leap in the real "smart contract"。

　From smart contracts to smart society

From a certain extent，Smart contract is the intelligentization of production relationship，bet365 best casino games The purpose of artificial intelligence is the intelligence of things，The purpose of the smart contract is people and people、People and things、Intelligence of the relationship between objects and objects。So，Artificial intelligence and smart contracts are pointing to a smart society。The mutual promotion and integration of artificial intelligence and Bet365 app download intelligent contract technology，can bring a wider application market to smart contracts、Data resources and algorithm resources，It can also make artificial intelligence more secure、Efficient，to expand the breadth and depth of the blockchain field。The combination of the two can be removed by removing trust agencies、Reduce transaction costs、Preventing risks and other aspects to play an important role，and have a critical impact on the construction of smart society。

First, it helps to reshape social credit。Constructing a trustworthy intermediary cooperation mechanism is necessary for smart social life。Current，The smart contract system is going to the intermediary for useful attempts。Blockchain is essentially a highly transparent distributed ledger，All transactions are recorded in real time in each computer node in the system，and automatically verify the effectiveness of its information，No need for third -party intermediary agencies to update the account book。Therefore，Innovation of blockchain and smart contract technology，Provides a more effective way to form and share information: realize the entire network of free notarization，You can get a comprehensive and authentic information without trusting the intermediary。Through the blockchain smart contract，We can build trust between machines and machines，The credit mechanism will be re -shaped，The scope of the use of artificial intelligence in society will be further expanded。

Second, it helps to prevent risk reduction cost。Technology is a relatively scarcity element，Appropriate property rights arrangement can promote the configuration efficiency of technical resources，to effectively reduce operating costs、Innovation costs and capital conversion costs。Incorporate Bet365 app download intelligent contract technology in business scenarios，can reduce intermediate links，Reduce running costs。Because the smart contract is the transaction both parties in the new trading system，Do not rely on any trust consensus mechanism to directly perform point -to -point value transfer，The cost is greatly reduced。and the nodes running the system even if they are attacked，It is also difficult to damage the security of the entire smart contract system，This further reduces the security risk of transactions。With the development of artificial intelligence，Some service industries will also be automated，and the integration of blockchain smart contract technology，It will provide security guarantee for the combination of artificial intelligence and service industry。

Third, it helps to change intelligent service mode。In the construction of smart society，The same blockchain、Artificial Intelligence、5G and other technologies have important functions。The Internet of Things can form people、Interoperability interconnection of objects and third -party platforms，Then realize information and intelligent remote management control。This feature makes IoT technology in logistics retail、Financial Insurance、Institute of smart transportation and smart homes get preliminary applications。But，The intelligent model based on the Internet of Things technology still depends on the third -party platform to maintain its operation，Its security and privacy are also a challenge。If it integrates highly anonymous blockchain password technology in the Internet of Things，Effectively protect data privacy and manage data of each user through the blockchain，can improve data security and transaction efficiency。At the same time，Smart Contracts+the Internet of Things can help more service providers to establish thousands of nodes，These nodes can rely on certain algorithm system to automatically produce contact，Such different service providers have gradually changed from comprehensive service providers to technical service providers，The participants of the platform will evolve into various bet365 best casino games micro -integrated service providers。

In short,，The fourth industrial revolution will bring unprecedented changes to human society，Major countries in the world are actively deploying in order to better cope with the epoch -making technological revolution。Application of related technologies for blockchain smart contracts，Foreign abroad has launched a series of theoretical research and potential mining。my country should also formulate reasonable industrial planning and policy guidance in accordance with national conditions，Efforts to seize the commanding heights of technology and industry，Strive for a more favorable strategic location in the new round of industrial revolution competition。

　(Author Unit: School of Political Science and Public Management, East China University of Political Science and Law)