At present, the study of summer history is different，Many people question the existence of Xia Dai in history，Of course it is wrong。but，Our researchers have not answered with satisfactory people with a satisfactory attitude，Failure to fundamentally relieve everyone’s doubts，This is also a question that cannot be ignored。Some people's own research is not in place，Where is the area where the summer is in the literature，I couldn't figure out，Just in a hurry to hold the wrong historical information compared with a certain archeological culture，This summer culture or summer history given by this，How can people believe it?

Today's historical research，Requires the close combination of history and archeology。It is necessary to fully use the historical information recorded by the literature to organically transform the archeological materials into historical materials，At the same time, it is necessary to fully use archeological information，Supplement、Confirmation or some historical information contained in the literature。This requires us to fully carry out the literature and archeological materials、Serious、Careful research，Can't get out of your own prejudice，Regardless of the rules of literature and archeology itself，Randomly finds one or two literatures and some archeological materials "Sign in"。If the understanding of literature or archeological materials has a problem，That is the correct conclusion of the correct conclusion, no matter how you combine it。

bet365 live casino games Region about summer，Wang Guowei has already discussed it for a long time。In his "Yin Zhou Institutional Theory", he explicitly stated: "Xia Zikang has been so far after Taikang，Its capital and his place name are seen in the classic，Rate in Dongtu，Hundreds of years with the businessman's wrong place。"The capital he said in Xia and" His place name "，The former can be understood as Xia's political territory，The latter can be regarded as the area where Xia's vassal country is located。Both are "East soil"，Specifically in the ancient Heji，That is, the area of ​​eastern Henan and western Shandong。Wang said that these conclusions come from the classic，Mainly "Zuo Zhuan", "Mandarin" and the ancient book "Bamboo Book Chronicle"，Especially "Bamboo Book Years"。He had paid attention to ancient books before that、Today's "Bamboo Book" has done a lot of research，His statement should be a solid foundation for literature。After that，Yang Xiangkui once wrote "The Xia Nationality Starting in the East Exam"，Further statement，Before Zhongxia，Summer Political Center is in Shandong today，Its power and in Hebei、Henan。Slightly different from Wang's is，He advocates that the forces in the late summer and late summer have been moved to Hedong and Yiluo，But "There is still a legacy in the East"。Gu Jiegang also has a lot of discussion about the summer area，The "History of the Chinese territory along the Chinese territory" by his disciple Shi Nianhai also advocates，Before the middle of the Xia Dynasty，The political center of the Xia Dynasty is in Shandong Province today，The scope of power involves Hebei、Henan，until the late Xia Dynasty, Bet365 app download it moved west to the Yiluo River Basin。All this，It can be seen that the senior scholars' understanding of the area of ​​summer is basically the same，It is believed that most of Xia's time is in the area of ​​eastern Henan and western Shandong，until its late，It is possible to move the forces to the west of Eluo in western Henan，But the East still maintains some of its original forces。

But，We think of some mainstream scholars today's views of the area of ​​the summer，But with the opinions of the old gentleman respected by the above -mentioned historic community! Needless to say，I am talking about "Some mainstream scholars today"，mainly refers to some scholars in the archeological world，They have always thought that the area of ​​Xia was in Jinnan, Western Henan.，Therefore, archaeological culture of this region contemporary (Wangwan Phase III Culture、Erlitou Culture) is regarded as summer culture，So that historians in the summer of Oriental theory，Archaeological workers dig the summer culture in the West，This is something we are unwilling to see。

Is it the wrong opinion of the old gentlemen? no。Is something wrong with our scholars today，There is no judgment criterion in the historical value of the literature and no serious research on the literature。

In terms of the problem where Xia Duyi is located，Document records that Xia's first capital is Yu Duyang City，and the earliest record that Yangcheng Diwangwang was "Shiben"。The "Judge" of the ancient emperor's capital said: "Yu Duyang City，South in the south of the beam。"Da Liang is the capital of King Wei Hui during the Warring States Period，Kaifeng South in Henan today; "World Ben" is the work of the pre -Qin bet365 best casino games period，There are no problems with these。But some of our mainstream scholars have to believe that Wei Zhao's note made for "Mandarin" during the Three Kingdoms period，Said Yuduyang City under Songhai Mountain in the Han Dynasty，That is the territory of Dengfeng, Henan today。We should believe in the literature of the pre -Qin period，Or is it a statement of Wei Jin? It should be a problem that is not difficult to judge，Moreover, there are many errors in Wei Zhao's annotation itself。Limited space，No more detailed analysis。

Let's talk about the so -called Qidu。The literature is actually not recorded in Kaidu，But some scholars said that the literature records Qidu，and said that Qi is in Yangzhai，That is, now Yu County, Henan。According to a legendary Juntai here，Can be proven with "Zuo Zhuan" "Xia Qiyou Juntai's Enjoyment"。But，These scholars have led to all documents of Yang Zhai Youjuntai，Either a pseudo -book (today's "Bamboo Book Years")，Either the book published late，It was not early in the two Jin Dynasty。I don’t know why the Qin Dynasty、Qin and Han ancient books did not mention Juntai in Yang Zhai.，Even there is no similar record in "Hanshu · Geography"，Some are just a record of activation in the area of ​​Puyang to Yuanyang, east of Henan today。such an attitude towards literature，Afraid that it is difficult to get trust!

Then the next is the problem that the Taikang Institute is looking for。"Bamboo Book Chronicle" is called "Taikangju Chuan Xun，羿 居，桀 之 "，Find the relationship between the two generations of the two generations of the summer and evening。，Early literature did not specify。"Hanshu · Geography" Ban Gu self -note that it is near Weifang, Shandong today，Bet365 lotto review It is difficult to obtain trust in people because it is too far away from the Central Plains。Some scholars then seize this，Gongxian, who is looking for in Luoyang near Luoyang, Henan today，According to the place where there is a place nearby，There is also water water、鄩、鄩 City。Do not know these place names named in the name of 鄩，Dr. Zhou in the Spring and Autumn Period live here，It has nothing to do with Xia Dai Xunbing。In fact, there are clues about searching in the literature。According to the first year of "Zuo Zhuan": "In the past, there have been pouring and irrigation to find，After the summer phase。Post -缗 Fangqi，Escape from the sinus，Better is still。"" Slightly verified，You can find out between pouring the irrigation (now Fanxian County, Henan) and You still (now Cao County, Shandong)，It's just that these scholars are too lazy to explore or deliberately ignore it，Because this is not in line with their design。Is this a correct attitude towards the literature?

Capital of several other summer，Ruqiu Qiu、Old Hill lived in the Emperor's House、Emperor Kongjia lives in the Xihe River，All in the area of ​​Puyang to Kaifeng, East Henan，This company persists in western Henan、Scholars of Jinnan do not deny。Combined with the above -mentioned examinations of the Xiadu，It can be seen that Xia's capital is almost all in Luxi, Henan East，That is the ancient Heji at that time，Wang Guowei's statement is completely correct。

As for Xia's princes，Including Xia's same surname and other surnames，That is what Wang's "his place name"，It is also in the area of ​​Luxi, East of the East，Miscellane with Xia all like flowers。For bet365 live casino games this，I have shown according to the Wang family，Test them one by one，Seeing the king said it is not frank。Limited space，Not here is not here。

Of course，These views of today's scholars have largely inherited the senior scholar Xu Xusheng、Zou Heng and others say。My to Xu Xusheng、The knowledge of Mr. Zou Heng and others is very admirable，But on the issue of the summer cultural region，But I don’t agree with some of their claims。For example, the so -called "residence of summer" in "Yu Zhou Book · Duyi" is the place of the Xiahou family，This is a problem。"The Residence of Summer" here is "the residence of Zhou"，Nai Zhou people are considering a sentence of their choice of East Capital。I have wrote a short article for this matter for this。Yang Kuan's "History of the Western Zhou Dynasty" On the Zhou Du Luoyi，This is also the view。He also quoted Qu Wanli's statement，It is similar to this。Visible，This is not my own personal visibility。

There is also a sentence from "Mandarin · Zhou Yu" "The former Yiluo exhausted and died in the summer，River exhaustion and business death "，The argument also uses it as the evidence of Xia in Yiluo。According to the "River Exhaust", "Yiluo Exhaust" Yunyun，It is worth doubt。Order to admit that Xia there is "Yiluo exhausted"，According to the meaning of text，It can only be considered that the summer in the late summer is in the area of ​​Yiluo，Can't prove early summer、In the middle of Ilo。Also mentioned earlier，Summer has expanded its power to the area of ​​Ilo in the late stage，Perhaps the site of the Erlitou is the capital established by Xiaxi Exchange。But early summer、Whether the middle period is in western bet365 live casino games Henan，There is no document to be available for capital。

I think，I think，The region of Xia is a problem that needs to be solved in the current summer history or summer culture.。None of the correct understanding of this problem，We are afraid that you can never tell the existence of this problem in history。

(Author Unit: School of History and Culture, Hebei Normal University)