2021 that just passed，A milestone in the history bet365 champions league party and the country。This year，Chinese philosophy and social sciences keep pace with the times，The majority of historians keep abreast bet365 champions league pulse bet365 champions league times、Highlighting the theme bet365 champions league times，In Archeology、Chinese History、World History、A series of important achievements have been made in the research fields of historical theory and history of history。Summary of these achievements，Already seen in the "2021 History Discipline Research and Development Report" published by the Japanese newspaper on January 10, 2022。To facilitate the academic community to further understand the relevant research status，We launch archeology separately while keeping the original report framework unchanged、Chinese History、World History、Four sub-reports on historical theory and history，For readers to criticize and correct。The theme of this report is the development status of Chinese history research in 2021。As a first-level subject，Researchers in the field of Chinese history actively respond to the concerns bet365 champions league times，Continuously explore new fields with a solid academic style，Continue to delve deeper into the traditional advantageous areas of Chinese history，Many bright spots emerged。

　　Pre-Qin bet365 champions league

This year’s research on pre-Qin history has yielded fruitful results，New opinions emerge one after another，Ideology and problem awareness have become more prominent。Continuing to emphasize the use of new historical data、New discoveries interpret and explain major historical events、At the same time, traditional issues such as etiquette and clan system，Researchers have invested more enthusiasm in once relatively lonely fields such as social form and social nature，Published many results，Make a deep impression。Attention to the study of social forms and social nature of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties，Seems to indicate the emergence of theoretical thinking in the academic circles of ancient Chinese history，and a growing interest in issues within the Marxist historiographic tradition。In view bet365 champions league fact that the situation of prehistory research has been introduced in the "2021 Archaeological Research Development Report" (page 5 of this newspaper on January 24, 2022)，This section only briefly outlines some bet365 champions league most distinctive issues in this year’s research on the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties。

　　First，Study on the social nature and social form of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties。Luo Shiqianthink，The Xia and Shang dynasties belonged to the Asiatic production mode type of slavery，The development of ancient Chinese history is the result bet365 champions league unity of universality and particularity。Xu Yihuathink，Ancient China lacked a stable source of slaves，Slaves are only functional or even supplementary in the operation bet365 champions league entire society。Xie Naihethink，The social form of Xia, Shang and Zhou was feudal society, which conforms to the historical reality bet365 champions league three generations，Confirmed the rationality of Marx’s theory of social forms。Ren Huibinthink，It is necessary to examine the economic foundation and social structure bet365 champions league Yin and Shang civilization from a multidisciplinary and comprehensive research and international perspective。Ning Zhenjiangthink，The lowly class in the Zhou Dynasty is an important reference for examining the social nature bet365 champions league Zhou Dynasty。Zhou Dynasty society is far from the slavery mentioned by classic writers，Therefore, the theory of "slave society" in the Zhou Dynasty has become obsolete in recent times。Wang Qi thinks，The "state people" in Xinghou Guizhong、Zhongren、Mediocre people” should refer to three types of slaves，The fisherman、child、Farmer，And the status of these three types of slaves decreases in order。

　　Second, research on etiquette and patriarchal systems.Ritual and music are an important foundation for the politics bet365 champions league three generations，It is also the main content bet365 champions league three generations of culture。Liu YuanAnalyzed the relevant inscriptions in the oracle bone materials of Huadong, Yin Ruins，Explained the sacrifice of Zhuanzu reflected in it。Zhang Lijunbet365 champions league，The Zhou Dynasty passed the ordination ceremony、Government of Zongzhou and other areas was achieved by granting fiefs to courtiers and other methods。Zhang Xiuhuathink，The fate bet365 champions league general is different from the oath bet365 champions league oath，Cannot connect the commanding ceremony in the bronze inscriptions with the swearing-in ceremony in the literature。Yang Bobet365 champions league，The use of even-numbered tripods reflects the cultural integration and interaction of princes and nations within the "Zhou people" group in the broad sense after the Spring and Autumn Period。Yang Guangshuaibet365 champions league，The tombs of Zhou Dynasty princes and some high-ranking ministers and officials can be buried with complete sets of martial arts props，The only burial objects in the tombs of scholars and low-level doctors are Ge and shields used as dry dance props。Du Yong, Li Linglingthink，The Yin royal family was unable to form a patriarchal system with distinction between large and small clans，The early Zhou Dynasty inherited the political legacy bet365 champions league late Yin and Shang Dynasties，Establish a stricter law of succession to the eldest son，Became one bet365 champions league important political systems that will last forever。

　　Third, ideological and cultural research. Zhao Shichaobet365 champions league，It was not until the Yin and Zhou Dynasties that "Wizhumin" was replaced by "Emperor Zhumin" or "Tianzhumin"。Zhang Hui, Cai Fanglubet365 champions league，The pre-Qin Confucian view of "ghosts and gods" values ​​human emotions and ethics，And express political intentions through a series of complicated and orderly sacrificial rituals。Yang Nianqunbet365 champions league，Only by combining the three concepts of "Great Unification", "China" and "Tianxia" for analysis，In order to fully grasp the overall trend and characteristics of Chinese history。Ge Zhiyibet365 champions league，Three Unifications、The Five Virtues Theory and other restructuring thoughts emerged during the Warring States Period，Profoundly influenced the direction of Chinese history。Chao Fulinthink，Study the history bet365 champions league Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period，It is of extremely important significance for a deep understanding bet365 champions league society in ancient my country。Kong Delibet365 champions league，Xunzi "established Mo" by constructing a "ritual and music" system，This is another heavy blow to Mohism after Mencius introduced Mohism。Bai Xithink，The Mawangdui Silk Book "The Four Classics bet365 champions league Yellow Emperor" laid the theoretical foundation of Huang Lao Taoism's yin and yang thought。Crank Ruibet365 champions league，The concept of destiny that explains the relationship between heaven and man、Tiandao Temple and Taoist Temple influence each other、Mixed with each other，Coexisting in the social consciousness of pre-Qin。

In addition to the above，The research on pre-Qin bet365 champions league in 2021 is still based on important historical research、Summary of academic bet365 champions league、Many achievements have been made in literature compilation and research，Limited by space, it is difficult to mention them all。It needs to be pointed out，Compared to the grand occasion in previous years，Theoretical and empirical research on the origins of nations and civilizations produced relatively few results this year。We believe，With the increasing academic interest in grand issues，Research on major historical issues such as the origin of countries and civilizations will also re-enter people’s vision in a new form。

　　bet365 champions league of Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties

About the spiritual blood bet365 champions league Chinese nation、Excellent traditional culture、Research on cultural genes has become the focus of attention。

　　First，Civilization continuity and cultural genes、Cultural Identity Research。Liu Zhipingbet365 champions league，From the Warring States Period to the Qin Dynasty, the ethnic distinction between "Qin people and non-Qin people" has been highlighted，The original multi-level ethnic identity pattern with Jizhou Huaxia as the core was replaced by the multi-level ethnic identity pattern with "Qin people" as the core。Peng Fengwenthink，The rulers bet365 champions league Northern Wei Dynasty laid an important foundation for constructing national identity and historical and cultural identity through cultural integration，Objectively promoted the formation bet365 champions league Chinese nation community。He Yuhongthink，Get rid bet365 champions league rise and fall of dynasties、Cognitive framework such as the difference between Hu and Han in political systems，Go deep into the inner spiritual and conceptual levels of political operation，It is a new perspective to observe the continuity of Chinese history。Yuan Jianbet365 champions league，The systematic relationship between China’s territorial territory and the living spaces of various ethnic groups deserves special attention。

　　Second，Dunhuang Studies、Research on Silk Road and Cultural Exchange。Rong Xinjiang、Liu Jinbao、Hao Chunwen、Xiang Chu、Zhao ShengliangFrom multiple disciplines、Multi-dimensional display bet365 champions league latest achievements in medieval history research from the perspective of Dunhuang studies。Zhang Yongquanthink，The collection bet365 champions league Sutra Cave documents is closely related to the restoration of Buddhist scriptures by monk Daozhen bet365 champions league Sanjie Temple where the Mogao Grottoes are located。Yang Fuxuethink，Dunhuang culture is the crystallization bet365 champions league wisdom of many ethnic groups，It is also a product of cultural exchange between China and the West。Wang Xiaofu, Wang Keng, Rong Xinjianget al.’s article shows the main results bet365 champions league study bet365 champions league Maritime Silk Road from the perspective of global history。Shi Yuntaobet365 champions league，The introduction of a large number of foreign plants into China not only affected the agricultural production in the Middle Ages、Food culture has had a positive impact，Also promotes the development of commodity economy。Xue Haibothink，The Jiankang Silk Trade in the Six Dynasties was an important part bet365 champions league Eurasian Maritime Silk Road trade，The economy bet365 champions league Six Dynasties was deeply affected by it。

　　Third，Social changes and thoughts、Research on institutional evolution and national governance。Yang Jipingthink，The "District Order" or "Tian Order" bet365 champions league Sui and Tang Dynasties in the Northern Dynasties did not determine the nature of land ownership in the Northern Dynasties。Yang Huabet365 champions league，The study of etiquette under the guidance of historical materialism has achieved fruitful results，But at the same time, there are also problems such as unclear judgment on the nature of etiquette and the era。Yan BukeDemonstrates the ancient official rank system、The relationship between clothing level and bureaucratic level。Zhang Hequanthink，After the founding bet365 champions league Northern Wei Dynasty, the five-level nobility system was implemented，This kind of virtual title will be inherited by future generations。Shen GangRestored the basic appearance bet365 champions league local administrative system bet365 champions league Qin Dynasty based on Qin bamboo slips。Li Yujiethink，The princes and ministers played a special role in the "parallel prefectures and states" system bet365 champions league Western Han Dynasty。JinwenLearn from multidisciplinary theories and methods，Discussed the controversial issues in the land system of Qin and Han Dynasties。Yuan Baolongbet365 champions league，The political culture and academic trends of thought at different stages in the Qin and Han Dynasties blended together。Rusicbet365 champions league，The two systems and traditions of state control and rural autonomy in ancient China have multiple relationships in the historical development process。Hu Baohuabet365 champions league，The admonishment officer system in the Tang Dynasty became increasingly perfect，Admonishers perform the function of supervising hundreds of officials under the monarchy。

　　Fourth，Classic literature、Compilation and research of unearthed materials。Li Ping、Jiang XiaoProposed，The joint edition bet365 champions league official bookstores bet365 champions league five provinces is an important link in the development bet365 champions league Twenty-Four Histories。Rong Xinjiang, Shi RuiThe edited "Turpan Unearthed Documents" includes China、Germany、Russia、373 Turpan documents collected by 22 public and private collection units in Japan and other countries。Jing ShuhuiPresided over the revision of "Chen Shu"，Based on Shanghai Hanfenlou’s photocopy of "Chen Shu" compiled by China Academy of Arts and Sciences，Produced a well-revised revision。Chen SongchangConducted detailed research on Mawangdui Silk Scripts and sorted out the "Catalogue of Research Treatises on Mawangdui Silk Scripts"。Wang LianlongCompiled thousands of epitaphs from the Northern and Southern Dynasties.

　　Fifth, research on ecological bet365 champions league and people’s life bet365 champions league. Prince JinDiscussed the style and characteristics of marine culture during the Qin and Han Dynasties，And expounds the Qin and Han people’s views on the ecological environment and the relationship between the ecological environment and social history from the perspective bet365 champions league history of ideas and concepts。Yi Peixiaet al.，Supplemented the thoughts and daily situations of characters rarely recorded in official bet365 champions league and local chronicles。Sun XiaoDistinguish the evolution and reasons bet365 champions league aesthetic culture of female images in ancient China。Ning XinStudyed the changes and characteristics bet365 champions league middle and lower classes in urban society during the Tang and Song Dynasties。

　　bet365 champions league of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties

Research on the bet365 champions league of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties is governed at the grassroots level、bet365 champions league of diseases and disasters、Many new research results have been demonstrated in the study of Sino-foreign exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations。

　　First, research on grassroots governance.National governance is a major topic of long-term concern in ancient bet365 champions league circles，Historical circles in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties paid particularly high attention to grassroots governance。Gu Gengeng, Xu Chang, Diao Peijun, Huang ZhifanFrom the power system of ancient Chinese rural society、Rethinking the Unearthed Slips and the Nature of Township Officials、The "being governed" of ancient Chinese villages and the cultural identity in the rural governance system bet365 champions league Ming and Qing Dynasties，Discussed new directions in this research field。Lu Ren, Lin Xiaoyanfurther clarifies the establishment bet365 champions league system of grassroots governance in the Yuan Dynasty.Huang Chunyan, Chen Hanyibet365 champions league，Financial centralization in the Southern Song Dynasty further deepened，Local financial resources continue to weaken。Bai Hua, Li Jingbet365 champions league，In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were existing institutional factors in the government operations under the supervision of prefectural and county officials，There is also personal wisdom。Chang Jianhuabet365 champions league，The daily life of Hunan people in the early Qianlong period was also included in the context of national governance。Wang Hongbingbet365 champions league，Rural governance in the Qing Dynasty was from the central government、A comprehensive multi-dimensional collaborative governance model from local to rural society。Zhou Quyangbet365 champions league，In order to achieve the goals of "fixing households" and "equal taxation", Li Chunnian and Wang Xiang，Adopt different ideas to promote the Jingjie。Shen Binthink，The widespread compilation of tax and labor records in various places during the Jiajing period was not only a need for tax and labor reforms in various places，It is also a manifestation bet365 champions league expansion of new financial management technical knowledge and its impact on those in charge。Qiu JieIt is centered on the records of "Wangfu Xingguan Official Cantonese Diary"，Shows the actual scene of Guangdong counties collecting money and grain in the late Qing Dynasty。Ding Chunyan, Long DenggaoThrough the discussion on the officialdom in land and house transactions in the Qing Dynasty，Guanzhong is the bridge and link between the government and the grassroots society。

　　Second, research on the bet365 champions league of diseases and disasters.Historians not only pay attention to disasters in historical periods，And it extends to the discussion of research theories on the bet365 champions league of diseases and disasters。Yu Gengzhe, Yang Huibin, Liu Peng, Wang YumengDiscussed the impact of epidemics on society and culture，The content involves the impact bet365 champions league epidemic on ideas、The Confucianism and regionalization of doctors in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the historical origins of simple gauze and cotton masks, etc.。Yu Xinzhong, Feng Erkang, Li Yushang, Ding JianminDiscussed the implications bet365 champions league prevention and control bet365 champions league COVID-19 epidemic on the construction bet365 champions league medical and social history discipline、Disaster culture in history，And the early sharing of medical information between Britain and the United States。Zhou Qiong, Fang Xiuqi, Xia Mingfang, Yu Xinzhong, Ma JunyaDiscussed the methodology of disaster bet365 champions league and disaster culture research and the impact of diseases and disasters。Hu YuefengDiscussed the disaster relief in the Qing Dynasty from the perspective of monetary history，Believe that the occurrence bet365 champions league epidemic disrupted the normal currency circulation order in the affected area，The degree of "silver is cheap and money is expensive" in the exchange rate of silver is often related to the intensity bet365 champions league epidemic、Range is positively correlated。Ju Mingku, Shao Qianqianthink，Family mottos bet365 champions league Ming and Qing Dynasties with their special educational purposes、Education methods and communication methods，Objectively undertakes some functions of disaster education。

　　Third, research on Sino-foreign exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations.In 2021, many scholars view Sino-foreign exchanges from a broader perspective or a global bet365 champions league perspective，Thus strengthening the research on mutual learning between Chinese and Western civilizations。Ge Zhaoguangthink，1368-1420，The Mongol Empire gradually disintegrated in eastern Asia，This is a period of re-adjustment bet365 champions league international order in East Asia。Li Jinrongbet365 champions league，13th-14th century，Due to Mongol conquest，Many Armenians came to the famous port city Quanzhou on the southeast coast by land and sea，And may have formed a larger-scale settlement。Chen JiazhenThrough the study bet365 champions league "Shi Ship Rules" bet365 champions league Yuan Dynasty，believes that its purpose is to ensure that overseas trade can benefit the country and the people，Not seeking maritime hegemony，Can be regarded as a sign bet365 champions league transformation bet365 champions league Yuan Dynasty's foreign policy from military to commercial。Yang BinRe-examining the Song Dynasty ships discovered in Houzhu Port, Quanzhou in 1974，Considers that it should return from the Indian Ocean。Liu Pingsheng, Ge Jinfangbet365 champions league，The rise of Maritime Silk Road trade and changes in social and economic structure in the Song Dynasty were a two-way interactive historical process。The industrial and commercial civilization closely connected with the Maritime Silk Road is thriving in Jiangnan and southeastern regions，Changed the competitive landscape of different civilizations in China from the 10th to the 13th centuries。Wan MingLooking at the fall bet365 champions league Ming Dynasty from a global perspective，It is believed that the decline bet365 champions league market in the late Ming Dynasty is related to the break bet365 champions league silver supply chain in the global crisis bet365 champions league 17th century，Became the hub of many comprehensive factors that promoted the dynasty’s revolution。Ni Yuping, Cui SipengIt is believed that the Wanli Tea Ceremony was formed in the Qing Dynasty，Greatly promoted the exchanges and interactions between China and Russia and other neighboring countries and regions in the Qing Dynasty。Xiang Yongbet365 champions league，The foreign cultural exchanges and physical exchanges carried out by the Ming and Qing Dynasties under the tribute system，It plays a diplomatic role in cultural exchange and cultural dissemination to a certain extent。Liu Qunyi investigated the translated names of beer in East Asian countries，Believe that this research can enrich the regional and longitudinal perspectives of global history research。

　　Modern bet365 champions league of China

The research on modern Chinese history in 2021 reflects the distinctive characteristics bet365 champions league times，Focus on a century of party history、History bet365 champions league Anti-Japanese War、Revolution of 1911、Major empirical or theoretical issues such as the history bet365 champions league Taiping Rebellion。

　　(1) A century of party bet365 champions league

First, research on the century-old struggle history bet365 champions league Communist Party of China.The world is undergoing major changes unseen in a century and crises coexist、Opportunity amid crisis、Big changes that can turn a corner。Qu Qingshanthink，Seize and make good use bet365 champions league important strategic opportunity period for my country’s development，Maintaining and extending this important strategic opportunity period is a historical task before us。Shi Zhongquanbet365 champions league，The 28 years that the party has led the new democratic revolution are the 28 years that it has led the people of all ethnic groups in the country to carry out the arduous struggle for the national salvation revolution。China’s development path is the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics，This is the choice of history、People’s Choice。Zhang Haipengbet365 champions league，The Communist Party of China has gone through 100 years，Although China’s road over the past century has been difficult、Zigzag，Also full of victory、Joy，We still have to go forward along this road。

　　Second, establish a big historical perspective. Xia Chuntaothink，Looking back at the glorious history bet365 champions league party uniting and leading the people over the past 100 years to realize the great rejuvenation bet365 champions league Chinese nation from a macro historical perspective，It can be seen，This is a realistic scientific conclusion。Chen Jinlongthink，Constructing the century-old historical discourse bet365 champions league Communist Party of China requires a big historical perspective。Gao ChangwuProposed，In-depth understanding and correct view bet365 champions league 100 years bet365 champions league Communist Party of China，We must adhere to the great view of history of historical materialism。Guo Guoxiang, Guo Yithink，Analysis bet365 champions league establishment bet365 champions league Communist Party of China， We must also uphold the perspective bet365 champions league big historical perspective，From China、Look around the world、Inspection from the perspective of ancient and modern times。

　　Third, research on the sinicization of Marxism.The 1920s at the beginning bet365 champions league founding bet365 champions league Party，The Communist Party of China has made obvious achievements in various aspects，Accumulated preliminary experience。Tang Zhengmang, Zhang Chunlithink，The theoretical achievements and practical experience of these ten years laid an important theoretical and practical foundation for later guiding the Chinese revolution to win the final victory。After the victory bet365 champions league Russian October Revolution，The dissemination and research of Marxism-Leninism became an important task for the Chinese Communists and advanced intellectuals at that time，And achieved great success。Yu Zhanghua, Yu Yang, Chen HanyingSummary bet365 champions league main characteristics bet365 champions league spread and development of Marxism in China during the democratic revolution。

　　Fourth，Research on realizing the great rejuvenation bet365 champions league Chinese nation。Xia Chuntao、Chen Tianbet365 champions league，One hundred years，The party has always led the people to overcome obstacles and make unremitting efforts，Leading the Chinese nation from darkness to light、From suffering to glory，Welcome from Standing Up、The great leap from becoming rich to becoming strong。Jin Minqingthink，More than 70 years of development of New China，Enhancing the conditions for the great rejuvenation bet365 champions league Chinese nation，The foundation is getting stronger and stronger。Zhang Hongzhibet365 champions league，Chinese Communists insist on applying Marxist materialist dialectics，And successfully combined it with the excellent traditional Chinese culture。

　　Fifth, study the issue of party building.Go back to the starting point of history and trace the original intention of founding the party，Helps to better understand the original intention and mission bet365 champions league Communist Party of China。Xiong Yuezhibet365 champions league，The Communist Party of China was founded in Shanghai，And use Shanghai as an important base of activities，Long-term central government agencies will be located in Shanghai，Related to multiple factors such as the powerful agglomeration function of Shanghai in modern times。Qu Junbet365 champions league，There are tens of millions of connections between Shanghai Shikumen and Nanhu Huazhou，This connection is the interaction between Shanghai and Jiangnan。Su Zhiliangthink，The establishment bet365 champions league Communist Party of China in Shanghai is the result of Shanghai’s urban modernization，The establishment bet365 champions league Communist Party of China and its dramatic activities，It also constitutes the cadenza of Shanghai’s modern history。

　Sixth, research on the subject attributes of party bet365 champions league.Since the 21st century，Construction with Chinese characteristics、Chinese style、Chinese-style philosophy and social sciences have gradually become an academic consensus。Yang Fengchengthink，The establishment bet365 champions league first-level discipline "History and Theory bet365 champions league Communist Party of China" is a need for discipline development，Also in line with the major strategic needs bet365 champions league development bet365 champions league party and the country。Li Jinzhengbet365 champions league，Only party history belongs to history，Expand the research object and content to "major party history"，Only in order to break through the limitations of traditional party history scholars。Li Liangyuthink，In terms of professional characteristics，The history bet365 champions league Communist Party of China belongs to history。

　　(2) History bet365 champions league Anti-Japanese War

　Research on the Anti-Japanese War in 2021 focuses on the theories and methods of research on the Anti-Japanese War、"September 18th" Incident、The Chinese Communist Party and the Anti-Japanese War、Research on rear areas and other issues，Continue to expand the depth and breadth of research。

　　First, reflection on the theory and methods bet365 champions league study bet365 champions league Anti-Japanese War.How to continue to promote, deepen and innovate the research on the history bet365 champions league Anti-Japanese War?Li Jinzhengbet365 champions league，The Kuomintang and the Communist Party’s research on the Anti-Japanese War behind enemy lines should highlight the CCP’s base areas，But a certain degree of attention should also be paid to the Kuomintang’s guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines。Huang DaoxuanCall for strengthening research on individuals，Focus on the people。Yuan Chengyithink，The current research results on the military history bet365 champions league Anti-Japanese War are obviously less than those in other fields，There is room for further deepening and expansion。Wu Minchaobet365 champions league，Further promote research on regional anti-Japanese war history，It should be a possible direction to deepen the research on the history of China’s Anti-Japanese War。

　Second, research on the "September 18th" Incident.2021 is the 90th anniversary bet365 champions league September 18th Incident.Zang Yunhuthink，On the eve bet365 champions league September 18th Incident, the Kwantung Army had already conceived a plan to rule Manchuria and Mongolia by the Japanese，After the incident, the Kwantung Army and the Army Central Committee jointly determined the policy of establishing the puppet regime of Manchukuo after occupying Manchuria and Mongolia。Chen Haiyi, Guo Zhaozhaobet365 champions league，Studying the "communist" factors in the "September 18th" Incident through the Lytton Investigation Team，Helps to criticize in depth the policy of “reconciling foreign affairs before settling domestic affairs”。

　　Third, research on the leadership bet365 champions league Communist Party of China in the Anti-Japanese War.The Anti-Japanese National United Front is a major initiative bet365 champions league Communist Party of China in striving for victory in the Anti-Japanese War，It is also an important window to understand the development and growth bet365 champions league Chinese Communist Party during the Anti-Japanese War。Ma Siyuthink，The Chinese Communist Party’s understanding bet365 champions league Anti-Japanese National United Front、Understanding、Decision、Execute、Feedback，It is a systematic process，Concentrated in the education bet365 champions league Anti-Japanese National United Front。Jin Yilinthink，The national system of New China、Government、Class status、The composition bet365 champions league national economy is the foundation of a country，The prototype can be found in the anti-Japanese base areas。Huang Zhenglinthink，With the advent bet365 champions league difficult period bet365 champions league Anti-Japanese War，“Excessive mobilization” occurred in some places in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region，The Communist Party of China has launched a new mobilization model for this purpose，Improved the depth and breadth of mobilization。

　　Fourth, research on the Anti-Japanese War in occupied areas. Wang Mengthink，After the outbreak of all-out war，The Japanese military and political authorities established the North China Propaganda Class，Penetrating Japanese influence into grassroots society in North China，The mass work bet365 champions league Eighth Route Army has become a key factor in preventing the Japanese and puppet forces from penetrating into the grassroots society in the occupied areas of North China。Wang Fucongbet365 champions league，During the Anti-Japanese War，The Communist Party of China actively seeks young students from occupied cities in North China to carry out secret anti-war activities，Mobilized many students to participate in the Anti-Japanese War in base areas or secretly engage in anti-Japanese activities in occupied cities。

　　Fifth, research on the rear area of ​​the Anti-Japanese War. Gao Shihuathink，Research results on the rear areas bet365 champions league Anti-Japanese War are relatively concentrated in Chongqing，Hope it will bloom everywhere、Full results。Pan Xunthink，Research on indiscriminate bombing in the rear areas bet365 champions league Anti-Japanese War still has problems such as insufficient excavation and arrangement of archive documents。Cao Bihongthink，The archives bet365 champions league Resource Committee preserved on both sides bet365 champions league Taiwan Strait should be fully explored and utilized。Zhu YingProposed，To obtain the history bet365 champions league Anti-Japanese War、Further development of research on the rear area of ​​the Anti-Japanese War，Expanding the research team is an effective way。Chen Qianpingbet365 champions league，Consider a scientific approach to the concept of "Rear Area during the Anti-Japanese War"、Accurate definition is the first priority。Xu Yongemphasis，Research on the rear area needs to be carried out at home and abroad in deepening open research、Inside and outside the discipline、Persistent innovation cycle pattern inside and outside the team，Continuously obtain new academic results。Jiang Peithink，The financial system bet365 champions league rear area during the Anti-Japanese War、Research on industrial progress is still relatively weak，There is still much room for improvement。Zhang Shengbet365 champions league，The combination of history and physics is abrupt，It may be an indisputable fact。

　　(3) Revolution of 1911

2021 is the 110th anniversary bet365 champions league outbreak bet365 champions league Revolution of 1911.Ma Minthink，We must make a thorough understanding bet365 champions league historical significance bet365 champions league Revolution of 1911、Comprehensive inspection，Revealing the historical impact bet365 champions league Revolution of 1911。Wang Dithink，Although the outbreak bet365 champions league Revolution of 1911 was accidental，But the demise bet365 champions league Qing Dynasty was already determined by its political system。Li Fanthink，The history textbooks in the early Republic of China describe the historical facts bet365 champions league Revolution of 1911 and the establishment bet365 champions league Republic of China，Mainly revolves around the establishment of a democratic republican system，Emphasis on the establishment bet365 champions league Republic of China、The history bet365 champions league end bet365 champions league Qing Dynasty，It is the process of replacing monarchy with a democratic republic，It can be described as a “republican” narrative。Zhao Libinbet365 champions league，The reorganization of newly collected archive materials and published archive materials is of great significance for promoting the study of Sun Yat-sen and the Revolution of 1911。Wang Chaoguangthink，In the context bet365 champions league era of globalization，Sun Yat-sen’s international outlook and his industrial construction concept deserve more attention。Liao Daweibet365 champions league，Sun Yat-sen combined the essence of ancient people-centered thought with the humanistic spirit of Western democratic political thought，Then he formed his people-centered thoughts based on the actual needs of China’s democratic revolution at that time。

　　(4) History bet365 champions league Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

2021 is the 170th anniversary bet365 champions league Jintian Uprising，Academic circles focus on the theoretical research on the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and the examination of relevant historical facts。Xia Chuntaothink，The academic community should study and view the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom with a scientific attitude，Get rid bet365 champions league simplistic mode of deification or “demonization”。Cui Zhiqingbet365 champions league，Zeng Guofan suppressed the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and other anti-Qing uprisings，The Qing Dynasty also implemented the New Deal of Westernization，But unable to save the crisis。Jiang TaoI believe that the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom not only had "breakdown" but also "establishment".Huaqiang, Bao ShufangExposed the true face of historical nihilism from many aspects.Wu Shanzhongbet365 champions league，Catholicism was the expression of political demands by farmers during the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom、Religion of political ideals。Gu Jiandibet365 champions league，Correctly use the analytical method of historical materialism to study the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom issue on the basis of full possession of historical materials，You will not be confused by wrong trends of thought。Liu Chenthink，The failure bet365 champions league Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was ultimately caused by the disparity in comprehensive strength between the enemy and ourselves。

　History bet365 champions league People's Republic of China

Combined with the "Four Histories" study，Academic circles pay attention to Chinese-style modernization、War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea、Three-line construction and other issues。October 14-15, 2021，The Chinese Social Sciences Magazine bet365 champions league Chinese Academy of Social Sciences held the first "Academic China" International Summit Forum。Yu Peithink，Chinese-style modernization is a unique socialist modernization，It is the modernization of developing countries，It is the one who completely changed the face bet365 champions league world、Super large-scale modernization。Qian Chengdanbet365 champions league，China is following its own path，A people-centered modernization road。Huang Qunhuibet365 champions league，China’s industrialization drive led by the Communist Party of China has made brilliant and historic achievements，Has great historical significance and world significance。Li Wenthink，From the 14th National Congress bet365 champions league Communist Party of China to the 19th National Congress，On the basis of continuously enriching the content of "moderately prosperous", we have timely proposed "Chinese-style" modernization phased goals，Ensuring the continuity of national strategy、Stability。2021，"A Brief History bet365 champions league Communist Party of China", "A Brief History bet365 champions league People's Republic of China", "A Brief History of Reform and Opening Up" and "A Brief History bet365 champions league Development of Socialism" were published one after another，For the majority of party members, cadres and the masses to better learn and understand history、Establish a correct view of history，More consciously insist on learning from history、Creating the future is of great significance。

　　Zhu JiamuDivide the history bet365 champions league People's Republic of China into five periods，Think that with the continuous development of history，Future installments、The limit will definitely be different from now。Song Yuehongemphasis，The "Resolution on Certain Historical Issues bet365 champions league Party since the Founding bet365 champions league People's Republic of China" profoundly contains the Party's history on the Party's history、Epistemology and methodology bet365 champions league history of New China。Yang Dongquanbet365 champions league，The War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea was the founding war of New China、The People’s Liberation Army’s battle to establish its power。Shi Zhongquanthink，The Chinese People’s Volunteers demonstrated the military might bet365 champions league people’s army in the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea，Also displayed the national prestige of New China，Making the Chinese people truly stand up proudly。

Focusing on how to strengthen the third-line construction,Duan WeiDiscuss the third-line construction from the perspective of historical geography，The rationality of third-line construction from the perspective of global historical and geographical structure、The necessity of third-line construction from the perspective of domestic historical and geographical pattern、Looking at the location selection of third-tier enterprises from a micro historical and geographical perspective、Looking at the construction of third-tier enterprises from the perspective of urban development in the past forty years、Macroscopic analysis of five aspects bet365 champions league development of third-tier regions from the historical spatial flow of talents。Zhang Yongbet365 champions league，Researchers from different disciplines should take “people” as the core of their research，Using research methods that combine literature analysis and field investigation，from time、Space、Comprehensive research on the third-line construction from multi-dimensional perspectives of society, subject and object。Zhou XiaohongPoint out，Oral bet365 champions league can connect individuals and society、Related to country and era，Oral bet365 champions league as method in third-line research，It can forge researchers’ sociological imagination from multiple levels。Chen ChaoReflections on the research from a political science perspective，Proposed to improve the research on third-line construction from two aspects: exploring theoretical value and introducing diverse research methods and tools。Xu YouweiProposed to develop historical materials for the study of third-line construction，Systematically sorted out the files、Factory Log、Newspapers、Local Chronicles、Official documents such as industry records，Oral bet365 champions league materials、Diary、Work notes、Memoirs and other folk documents and video historical materials、Network information and other information。Tan GangyiFrom the perspective of human settlement environment discipline，The built environment and its heritage of third-line construction、Issues such as the protection and regeneration of built heritage were discussed，And proposed genealogy、Morphology、Using typology and other theories and methods in research。Qin YingPoint out，Key third-line construction projects are in the process of land acquisition，The engineering construction department insists on putting people first、The principle of giving benefits to the people，Through close communication and collaboration with local governments at all levels，Not only implemented the policy，Land compensation is also guaranteed、Smooth advancement of immigration relocation and project construction。

Overall view，The research results of Chinese bet365 champions league discipline in 2021 are fruitful、Highlights，Laid a solid foundation for future in-depth work in related fields。Also see，How to further highlight the ideological nature of empirical research，Strengthen the launch of original achievements，Effectively promote the organic combination of theory and empirical research，It is still an issue that needs to be paid attention to and solved in the next step。

(Written by: Chao Tianyi、Zhang Yunhua、Xu Xin、Wu Xuebin、Guo Fei)