Scientifically solve the issue of the Western Zhou King's Calendar Daily Questions，For the history of knowing and studying ancient China, especially the history of the Western Zhou Dynasty，It has important significance and role。Because it can not only clear the business、The boundary between the two generations of the week，and can make the history of the Western Zhou Dynasty more scientific and clear，It can also make relevant literature and golden materials really live，Make related events more specific and credible。Historically about the time of the throne of the Western Zhou kings，Since ancient times, "Bamboo Book Chronicle", "Historical Records", "Emperor Century", "Tongjian Foreign Chronicle", "Tongzhi", "Emperor's Sutra", "Tongjian Pre -editor" so far 》，No less than ten kinds of statements and records produced。Since the evening，It's even more about the bee。What exactly is it for，Obviously need to be scientifically demonstrated and identified。

The "Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties Project" (hereinafter referred to as "Engineering") carried out in the 1990s (hereinafter referred to as "Engineering") set up related topics，and reach a clear conclusion。But，New materials have been proven，There are certain problems in the conclusion of that year。Ru Xin discovered "畯簋" inscriptions: "隹 (only) Jiyin，Wang Cai (in) Zhou [般] Da (Tai) Room ... Today, he does not (丕) shows (Gong) King (Ru) and even (ancestor) test，At first (as) Situ。"(Wu Zhenzheng:" The Installation and Image Integration of Shang and Zhou Dang "No. 5386，Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 2012) This inscription is called "Test"，then its "king" must be king。The words "隹 (only) ten years"，Explain that King Ying has at least ten years of reign。and "Engineering" "Creed"，Wang Wang has only nine years in his reign，Prove that "Engineering" has an error in the prevalence of King Zhen's reign.。One king is in the reign of error，The rest can not be fulfilled。So，To solve the problem of the Western Zhou King's Calendar，Must be studied。"Adjustment" cannot solve the problem，You need to find the reason fundamentally。

　　Bet365 app download

Summary of "Engineering" related studies that have failed to succeed，can be found，The key is to fail to solve the issue of Moon Xingyan very well。The so -called Moon Xiangji Day，It is a kind of age -day method unique to Zhou people，Specifically refers to the monthly phase words such as "Birth of Fighting", "Express" or "Dead Domineering" in front of Ji Ri Ri Ri。The reason why there is such a journey to the day，It was because there was no concept of Shuiri at that time，I did not use the habit of counting days，Instead, it is used to use the predecessor's purely dry support day method。In the Pure Zhiji Day Law，The specific location of a certain day in the month，At least it seems to be unclear to the future generations。Therefore，The Zhou people of the agricultural nation invented the Month of the Month of the Month，Makes its Ji Day more clear and specific，and it will be implemented extremely，Because the last view of the moon can be clear。

Because of this，Monthly Xiangji Day method has also become the key to the future of the Western Zhou King's calendar。If there is no Moon Xiangji Day Law，The Western Zhou Dynasty calendar may not be explicit in the past。But，This kind of age day method known to women and children at the time，With the invention of the concept of "Shuo" in the late Western Zhou Dynasty，Gradually abandoned，Following it slowly out of people's vision，It has reached more than 2,000 years to date。Therefore，Monthly Phase Day method also become eternal learning。Monthly is unknown，The Western Zhou Dynasty's Bet365 lotto review annual calendar must be unclear。So，Understanding the Moon Xiangjin Day method has become the premise and key to solve the problem of the Zhou king's calendar.。

　　All predecessors can not be fully established

In fact，Research on Moon phase，It has started since the Western Han Dynasty。Western Han Dynasty Liu Ye studied the Western Zhou calendar，For the first time with "Dead Battle，Shuo Ye; Shengba，Wang Ye "explanation。But，This solution obviously cannot be believed。Because if it is said，The same "dominance" and "hope" are the same。Yangxiong, which is basically the same as Liu Ye's time，In its "Fa Yan · Five Hundred", saying: "The month is not expected to carry it in the West，Hope that it will carry it in East。"is equivalent to saying" Soul (that is, ‘霸 ')" is the month that people can see，Although the meaning is not wrong，But it is just about the changes in the moon shape，Not involved "Life Domineering" and "Dead Battle"。The "White Tiger Tong · Sun and Moon" written by the Emperor Zhang of the Eastern Han Dynasty，"Three days of month (hege)，Eight days to become light "。This explanation explains the time of "Cheng Chou (Battle)" (that is, the hegemony)，but not exhausted，Because there is also a person who becomes a late two -day,。Later，Ma Rongyao "Shang Shu"，There is "Soul，朏，The saying of the beginning of the third day of the month "，completely equivalent to "朏"。Three Kingdoms，Wei people Meng Kang Note "Han Book"，"Month of the second day，Ming Shengba Death，Therefore, say death "，again "Ming (Light)" and "Battle" oppose，It is completely wrong。Eastern Jin Dynasty Kong Nu "Yi Zhou Shu"，It is "Shuo Queen for Death"，Not completely correct。

Visible，Each family basically revolves around "life tyrants" and "dead tyrants"，As a result, none of them are clear。Scholars Yu Yue in the late Qing Dynasty made "Domineering and Dead Test"，Point out: "In the ancient meaning of ancient meaning，The Light of the Dominer Yue also。Shuo is the pole of the Dead Thait，Hope to be the pole of the hegemony。In the "Three Control",，The no -light place of the domineering moon also。Shuo is the beginning of death，It is the beginning of the hegemony，Its righteousness of the ancient righteousness。"(Yu Yue:" Shengba Dead Test "，"Spring in the Church"，Phoenix Publishing House 2010 Edition) The pole of the words of the words of death、Hope to be the pole of the hegemony，It is indeed clearer than Liu Ye and each family.，But after all, he only said to die、"Extreme"。visible problems still have not completely solved。

Because the predecessors did not completely solve，Coupled with more and more new materials，So later researchers gradually increased。Where，The most accepted by the "four -month -old speaking" of Wang Guowei near the king of the country。It says: "One is the first auspicious，means from one day to 7、Eight days also。Two says that both lives，It is 8、Nine days to fall to fourteen、Five days also。Three Yue Express，Fifteen、Six days to 22、Three days also。Four said to be dead，It is said that since the 23rd day, as to Qi Ye。"" (Wang Guowei: "Shengba Dead Test"，"Guantang Jilin" Volume 1，Zhonghua Book Company 2004 edition) But，There are still problems in this statement: first，"Chu Ji" does not belong to the monthly phase，and the concept of "Shuo Ri" at that time，How to know one day? second，What is "Battle"? third，Why does the biological hegemony from eight、From the beginning of nine? fourth，What is the hope of the twenty -two、Three days? fifth，Eighth and 9th、How to distinguish the naked eye on the 22nd and 23rd on the 23rd? etc，It can be seen that it is really difficult to establish。

other，There is also a more popular point of view，The so -called "fixed point say"，It means that the four -month phase determines its first day，instead of a period。Quartet saying that it cannot be established，Speaking bet365 live casino games of pointing to say naturally, the foundation is lost。Except these two main understanding，There are several different understanding，But basically adjust it under the premise of "four points"，Therefore, it is not allowed to believe or give a word。above can be visible，Research on the issue of monthly phase problems，Unreasonable。

Because the old saying is unreasonable，So "Engineering" set up a special research team to re -study。The conclusion is: "Chu Ji，It appeared in the first to the tenth day of the first day;，Refers to see the full moon from the beginning of the new month;，Refers to the light surface of the moon after the full moon;，Refers to the loss from the moon loss to the disappearance of the moonlight。""，World Book Publishing Company Beijing Company 2000 Edition) This conclusion not only retains "Chuji"，And the explanation of several other words is not unparalleled。For example, "The light of the light after the full moon has not been lacking significantly"，The referring to it is unknown; from the beginning of the crescent, the full moon is a dominant hegemony，From the loss of the moon to the moonlight disappear to the dead，From the loss of the moon to the moonlight disappear to the dead，This conclusion itself has defects，Obviously this is just a correction of Wang Guowei's "quarterly"。More critical is，This said that it cannot correspond to many golden texts and literature materials。So，The Western Zhou Dynasty calendar built on it，It will naturally be "rigidly" proved by the new material to prove that there is a problem。

　　"Monthly Monthly Ji Day Law"

No doubt，"Moon Phase" and "Moon Xiangji Day"，is the key to solving the problem of the Western Zhou Dynasty。If this problem is not solved，All discussions on the Wangnian of the Western Zhou Dynasty will be futile。To solve this problem，Must start from the perspective of text，Analysis of the meaning of the words of the monthly words of each month。Only the meaning of the original meaning of each word，The meaning of the entire word will be clear。

"Both Shengge", "Express", "Both Death"，Speaking from the original meaning，undoubtedly it should have been、Meaning after passing。Because，In ancient Chinese characters，"Both" word for a person to face food for a person，Indicates that has been eaten; "Sheng"，Just give birth、Beginning，or the meaning of selflessness; "Dead"，Compared with "Sheng"，Naturally, death、Passing away，or self -changing meaning。

The only thing that needs to be carefully analyzed is "Battle" (or "Soul"，It is a fake word)。"Battle" word from the monthSound，"Said" is interpreted as "Rain and Rain (Wet Wet Leather)"。So，Twitter，"Battle" is the meaning of the moon.，It looks mottled or uneven。And this phenomenon is the moon surface we see that we see。Can see "Battle"，In fact, it is equivalent to the moon that can be seen。and the reason why the ancients said "Both Life" and "Both Dead"，instead of saying "Birth of the Moon", "Both Dead Moon"，Because they know that the month itself is not born、Dead。So，"Both Shengba" should refer to the period of the new moon until the "looking" period of the next month，That is the third junior、Four to 14、Five days。"Hope"，It is the period of "Dead Domineering" after the expansion of the moon to the next month，That is fifteen、Six to 27、Eight days。"Both Death"，That is, after the remnants of the remnant month, the crescent moon will be displayed during the "Shengba" period，that is 28、Nine to the first month of the month、Two days。Understanding，Presumably no problem。

Another，The so -called "Side Best Dharma" and "Ben Deadly"，The ancient sounds of its "side" read the same "side"，Special refers to Ling Shengba、On the day of the death of death，That is both the hegemony、One day before death，instead of Wang Guowei said, "It's more than both"。

In short，Monthly Phase Day method is so simple，All depends on "Experiment"。It is still explained Bet365 app download that it is，The so -called "Chu Ji"，It's just the subjective title of the Ji Ri that the ancients identified。Everyone who has the "first luck" in Jinwen does not bring a moon phase word，and its sun or at the beginning of the month，or in the middle of the month，Or in the end of the end，No certain，Explain that what they value is only this good day，instead of your moon phase。In short，"Early Ji" non -moon phase words。I have submitted an article specifically discussed the monthly phase of the "Engineering" office，Meaning all the same。

Wang Guowei said that the hegemony is eight、9th on the 9th、Both dead domination is since 23 days，It can be seen that there is an error in understanding the word "Bat"。And its cloud "Twenty -three days on the 23rd, although the month is not obscure，However, the Ming and Guku of the beginning is dead。The place where the lunar moon receives the sun, although the same side，But from the view of the ground，Then there is a place of light before the eight days before the 23rd on the 23rd，This is the reason for the subsequent string of the later generations。Death with the beginning of life，Therefore, it is called the dead "，It is also a mistake。The reason is that "bully" and "soul" is actually the moon shape that can be seen by the naked eye。

Of course，Tango is light，But whether it is shape or light，Actually refers to the moon that can be seen from the earth with the naked eye，Does not refer to the part of its light parts in the entire moon。If the finger site，Look at the seventh after the day、Eight days，There is a light at the beginning of the birth, and there is no light，Why do you have to stay until 23、After four days, it is said to be both dead? It can be seen、Nine days ago and 23、The distinction after the four after the four，It is entirely based on "the first good luck" as one day to 7、Eight days as the premise。upper string、Of course in eight、9th and 23rd、Around four days，But after all, it is the concept of later generations，And with Shengba、Nothing to die。Twenty -three、Although the moon shape is becoming smaller after four days，but not completely hidden，Light is still visible，So it must not be called a deadly overbight。

Based on the above understanding，We can know，Documents and Golden Words I have seen each month of each month，The meaning of normal under normal circumstances is: Shengba，The beginning of the crescent of the moon starts to appear at the beginning of the month (the upper moon is on the second night of the second day、Shangcheng Xiaoyue on the third night)。哉 (talent) Shengba，Special refers to the day before Shengba (the upper moon is on the first day、Shangcheng Xiaoyue on the second day)。哉 (talent) Shengba，Shengli，Refers to the Dan Ri of Shengba、On the first day of the birth of the hegemon。Both Shengba，From the day of the hegemony to the day before the hope (third、Four to 13th、4th)。Wang，Refers to Man Moon (15th or 16th Night)。Expert，Refers to the day after the full moon to the day before the death (sixteen、Seven to 27、8th)。Dead tyrant，The end of the moon is not visible at the end of the moon (Xiaoyue is on the morning of the 29th、Da Yue in the morning of the 30th)。Both Death，Refers to the day before the weighing day to the next month (29、Thirty to the first、Two days)。

In the words，Shengba、Dead tyrant is a short phenomenon，So generally do not need to be the same as the age;、Deadly Dharma itself is not a monthly phase，and refers to a fixed day，Therefore, it only appeared at the time of the "Essentials of the End"; 哉 哉，In fact, it is actually after the hegemony，Therefore, in principle, it can be included in the dominance; looking at，Because it is also a brief phenomenon，So it can also be included in the hope。Therefore，Actual moon phase words，You can only have both the hegemony、Expert、Three Death Opto。These three months of phase words appear in the golden text，It means that the moon phase at that time was bet365 live casino games indeed so distinguished。Need to point out，The above states，Just normal or general phenomenon，The actual situation occasionally error one day，It is also available。or those who have errors for more than two days，When it was due to weather, it was not caused by the failure of the actual observation，It does not affect our understanding of the words of the moon。

　　Literature materials need to be corrected

above，We have already clarified the specific connotation of the Moon Xiangli Law，The following should be directly analyzed according to this explanation of the literature and gold text materials。But there is another problem here，The literature materials occasionally error，Need to correct，No wrong can be wrong，or is not distinguished by mistake。For example, "Han Shu · Lawli" contains Liu Ye's "The Book of Sutra" quoted "Zhou Shu · Wu Cheng" "隹 January Renchen Deadly Best ...，Wu Wangbu since Zhou，Yu Zhengju "，Remembering the time of king of the king to cut off。The same material，"Yizhou Book · World Capture" as "Only Bingchen Best Best，Ruoyi Sun Dingyu，Wang Naibu from Zhou，Covering the business Wang Yan "。(Huang Huaixin、Zhang Yizheng、Tian Xudong: "Ying Zhou Shuhui School Collection Notes"，Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 2007) It can be seen that the sun and the moon are different。We know，"Yi Zhou Book · World Capture" real name "Wu Cheng"，From its first sentence, "Only April B Weiri，Wu Wang Chengpi "can be known; and the name of" World Capture "，The editor of "Yizhou Book" was restarted after being included in "Shangshu"。So，Liu Ye quoted the same material as "Yi Zhou Book · World Captist"，You can be sure。The same material, but now this text is so different，There must be a mistake。Who is positive?

If only this sentence，It is really difficult to distinguish。But if the following sentences are combined with the following sentence, "the more you come in February, the death of the fifth day of Jiazi，to，connected to Shang，If Xian Liu Shang Wang Ye "，It is easy to draw conclusions。Because Jiazi Sun Keye，No problem。"Guisi" to "Jiazi" from "Wu Cheng" for 31 days，"Ding Yan" from "Captured" to "Jiazi" is only 7 days。About a thousand miles from Zhou Jing to Makino，It will definitely not be able to reach the conditions at that time for 7 days。and 31 days，The theory of "Thirty Miles Daily" in ancient times in ancient times。It can be seen。

"Wu Cheng" is not wrong，Does it mean that the moon phase is "both dead"? It's not necessarily。Because "Jiazi" is both "the more than the fifth day of the death of the fifth day of the fifth day", the next month of "Death"，Explain that its "Dead Battle" must be in "Gengshen"。"Gengshen" to "Guisi" 37 days，So "Gengshen" must not be dead last month，and can only be within the scope of both the hegemony。It can be seen that "Wu Cheng" "Both Death" error，and "World Capture" "both born" and not wrong。This，We can correct this period of historical materials: only the next month, the next day, the hegemony，Wang Naibu from Zhou，Yu (to) to conquer the merchant Wang Ye。Yue Ruo Ruo Ji Yueyue Yueyue Five -day Jiazi，to，connected to Shang，Cure (Qian) Liu Shangwang。

There is another question here，It is according to the Month of the Month of the Month of the Month，"Five Days of Death and Vietnam" has been within the scope of both the hegemony，Why not mention "both hegemony"? we say，This is only because of rainy rain at that time，Failure to see the moon。"Book of Songs · Da Ya · Daming" contains: "，Will facing Qingming。"means that the day just happened to catch up with the early morning" Qingming "，Explain the previous rainy rain。There is both rainy rain，Naturally, you can't see the new moon，It can just prove this。So，Said "Both Death and Five Days"，It does not affect our understanding of only two or three days for us to die。

In addition，"World Capture" and "Martial Arts" and there is another place，also need to be corrected。"Han Book" and "Yizhou Book" are all said: "In April, both sideways (bet365 live casino games Battle) Vietnam Sixth Gengye，The Wu dynasty as to Zhou。"means the date of the king of Wu to return to the week。The text here，No school。But we know，"Side" and "Both"，Is a pair of opposite concepts，"Side" is near，"Both" is later。So，Both "side"，It cannot be "both"; both "both"，It can not be "side"。This saying "Best Birth Best"，must be a mystery。How to correct it?

This so -called "April"，That is, February of the "Ruo Fei" before Cheng Cheng，Because according to the number of dry branches, it can be known: "Gengye" goes to "Jiazi"，Only 47 days。"Jiazi" is both five days of death and Vietnam (early month)，"Geng Yan" must not be in the third month，and the next March of the next month。The text does not say "March" and "April"，Maybe it is precisely because of the "correction" of Zhou people。The so -called "Correction Shuo"，Actually it may be because of the reason when Yin Li lost。In short，This "April" will be tightened to the previous "February"。So，Go to "Both Death and Vietnam Five Days", which is the "Gengyu" 47 days of "Jiazi" on the 2nd day of Biography，It can only be within the scope of "hope"。So，This "Best Best Domination" must be the error of "hope"，Original "Benba"，It must be the "Best Birth of Renchen Being Best" in the previous article and mistakenly mistaken。(This benefit is used as "Ben Biography") It can be seen that the monthly phase is also wrong。

Another，Golden Wen also occasionally misunderstandings。For example, the so -called "dominant" (see "Ding Ding" and other devices)，It can only be the error of "hope"，It is impossible to be an error of "both the same hegemony" or "both the dead"。Because the bronze is cast before casting，The text line must be designed in advance，It is impossible to say more or less words。Another 42 years of "Ding Ding" inscription: "隹 隹 May 42 years in May of the 42nd Biography。"Forty -two years，Can only be Xuanwang Timeer。Kai Xuan Wang 42 years of May, Ren Yishuo，There must be no one of the best hegemony; if there is a loss before, Renchen Shuo，Biyu is 24 days，It must not be described as a hegemony;，Biyu is 25 days，Not to be said to be a hegemony。and forty -three years of "隹 Forty and June three years in June of Ding Hai"，Moon phase calculation。It can be seen that Ding Ming did have mistakes in forty -two years。Although it is just a special case，But it does exist，So you can't know。

　Wu Wang Ke Shangri and Western Zhou Wangnian

Wuwang Ke Shangdi is the benchmark point for the Western Zhou Dynasty calendar。Although the predecessors are pushed by multiple people，But none of them can be based on moon phase materials，or the materials used are not corrected，and failed to correspond to the Gregorian Calendar.，The key is that without modern scientific calculations and verification，Therefore, it is not enough to say that it is no longer waiting。We used to be based on the day of "Yizhou Book · World Captist"、Moon phase calculation，The most likely year for Wu Wang to cut off is 1106 BC or 1101，The monthly days are February 4 and March 9。

Mr. Liu Yeyuan, Shaanxi Observatory, help calculate，March 9, 1101 BC、Chaoge area 7: 00 yen，6: 00 -year -old star Zhongtian，"Katson in the certificate" Li Zhe "，Suizhen (middle) "，Determine the year of 1101 BC。(Huang Huaixin: "The Institute of Lisa Re -Ceremony"，"History Research" 1998, No. 6) Later, I saw the conclusion of the astronomer Mr. Jiang Xiaoyuan on January 9, 1044 BC，The material of "Yizhou Book · World Capture" material that has been correctly corrected，Using Mr. Zhang Peiyu's "Chinese Pre -Qin History Table"，(Zhang Peiyu: "Chinese Pre -Qin History Calendar"，Qilu Shu Club 1987 edition，The following is referred to as "Zhang Table") for verification，Prove that this is credible。Because of December 9, 1045 BC，"Zhang Table" is the ugly Zheng January 4th。The month of Xinyi Shuo，Four days is just a Jiazi，Card the "Five Days of Death and Vietnam (Fifth Day)"。

Push it up and down，"Only January Renchen Being bet365 best casino games Birth" is January 2nd，Equivalent to December 8, 1045 BC; "Guisi" is January 3，Equivalent to December 9, 1045 BC; "February Death" is February 1，Equivalent to January 6, 1044 BC。The following "In the past April, the sixth day of Gengye，The Wu dynasty as to Zhou。Ruoyi Sun Xinhai，Sacrifice in bit，Use the key to heaven。Vietnam Five Days Bayi，Wu Wang is a section of "April Howing" as a section of the Temple of the National Zhou Temple "as Yin March 16，Equivalent to February 19, 1044 BC。"Vietnam Six Days Gengye"，is April 21，Gregorian calendar equivalent to February 24。The following "Ruoyi Sun Xinhai，Sacrifice in bit，Use the key to heaven。Vietnam Five Days Bayi，Wu Wang is the "Ruo Yiyi Sun Xinhai" as "Wing Wing Sun" as April 22，Gregorian calendar is equivalent to February 25; "Vietnam Five Days Bay" is April 26，Gregorian calendar equivalent to February 29。This conclusion is confirmed with other early materials，Nothing to do it。So，Although not yet invited astronomers to help calculate，"Lizhu" is the so -called "gram faint，The astronomical image of the year (middle) "must also be wrong，Wu Wang Ke Shang on January 9, 1044 BC，There should be no problem。

After confirming that Wu Wang Ke Shang, after the day and after the business of Wuwang，We can push all the early materials (including Jinwen materials and unearthed documents) of the Western Zhou Dynasty Wang Nian，Therefore，and the specific location of each material。What needs to be explained is，Due to the loss of because of the year、The phenomenon of mistakes is many，So those who are scheduled or as normal with normal situations are one month or even two months.。and this phenomenon，It was not the difference between the so -called "Zhou Zheng" or "Yin Zheng" that year。The so -called "Three Zheng"，Really misunderstanding since the Spring and Autumn Period，Western Zhou Fashion No。Under the premise of the above knowledge，We once wrote the "Western Zhou Dynasty Calendar Day Table"，Among them, each material gives the corresponding Gregorian date，Those with dry branches are also specific to the day，The "Calendar" of "Engineering" is obviously different。Its basic framework is:

　　Wu Wang collapsed, 1043 BC; 5 years.

The first year of the king，1043 BC; 32 years of reign。

The first year of King Kang，1010 BC; 12 years of reign。

The first year of Zhao Wang，998 BC; 22 years of reign。 In the first year of King Mu，976 BC; 39 years of reign。 The first year of King Gong，937 BC; 20 years of reign。 In the first year of King，917 BC; 15 years of reign。 The first year of filial piety，902 BC; 15 years of reign。 In the first year of Yingwang，887 BC; 9 years of reign。 The first year of King Liwang，878 BC; 37 years of reign。 The first year of the Republic，841 BC; 14 years in power。 Xuanwang first year，827 BC; 46 years of reign。 The first year of Youwang，781 BC; 11 years of reign。

New materials found in recent years，Everyone who has dry branches，We can "comfortably" in this framework to find its corresponding position，and give a specific Gregorian date。As for those who have no dry branches，Such as "Jue Gong"，Determine its "king" on the basis of the device shape，It should not be difficult to do，Not repeated。

(The author is a professor at the Confucius Cultural Research Institute of Qufu Normal University)