Relative to subsequent chronological history research，The study of pre-Qin history has a distinctive feature，That is, there are few materials that have been handed down to this day。Although a number of pre-Qin documents have been unearthed in recent years，For example, Guodian Slips、Shangbo Jane、Tsinghua bamboo slips and some oracle bone inscriptions、Bronze inscriptions, etc.，However, the situation of lack of historical data has not fundamentally changed。This makes the study of pre-Qin history very difficult，But it also creates various academic opinions、Exploring the unknown from the known provides the conditions。Director of China Pre-Qin History Society、Zhang Huaitong, professor of the School of History and Culture of Hebei Normal University, in his monograph "New Research on Shangshu" (2021 edition of Zhonghua Book Company)，Proposed the theory that "'Shang bet365 new user promo"，It can be said to be a new link in the continuing academic chain。

""Shangshu" originates bet365 new user promo etiquette" said that "Shangshu" refers to "Shangshu", "Yi Zhoushu" and the "Shu" chapter of Tsinghua Bamboo Slips，Divided into words、Notes、Outline、Four types of Jigu，It is believed that the chapter structure of "Prisoners of the World" is arranged according to the ceremonial ceremony of prisoner presentation in the early Western Zhou Dynasty；"Kang Gao" is excerpted bet365 new user promo the original files recording the feudal Kang Shu ceremony；"Sacrifice to the Duke" and "Gaozong Xiri" are the history of Dun Dynasty，There is a history of Dun in "Yao Dian"，The history of Dun is born bet365 new user promo the long-standing old-age gift；The dialogue between Zhou Gong and Zhao Gong that appears in the formal ceremony in "Zhao Gao" and "Luo Gao"、Dialogue between Duke Zhou and King Cheng，Originally one-to-one form，Now the characters are centralized and arranged，is the form of the original file；"Zicai", "Toast" and "Duofang" are all composed of two imperial edicts of similar nature issued by Zhou Gong；The "Appearance" of the "Five Matters" Chapter of "Hong Fan"、Word、view、Listen、think”，Its nature is the etiquette that those who salute in various ceremonies should strive to show。

"Shangshu" has a greater relationship with etiquette，Scholars from ancient to modern times have discussed it，But most of them look at the "Six Classics" as a whole，For example, Ban Gu of the Eastern Han Dynasty said: "The six classics lead to the same goal，The use of rituals and music is urgent。”Only a few scholars have written monographs on “Shangshu”，For example, Cao Yuanbi of the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China said: "The person who wrote the book，The practical way in which saints govern the world with etiquette。”The former pointed out that the root of the “Six Classics” is ritual and music，The latter emphasizes that the content of "Shang Shu" is etiquette，The nature of etiquette is rules of conduct。Both of them value the educational function of Shangshu，The name is the same as "'Shang bet365 new user promo", that is, the "Book" chapter was born out of etiquette。Contemporary scholars are based on these discussions，Advocate "the six classics are all rites"。As for the discussion of the relationship between the chapters of "Shangshu" and etiquette，Often just make a simple analogy between relevant records and some ceremonies，The understanding of the relationship between the two is not clear enough。Zhang Huaitong’s theory that “‘Shang Shu’ originates from etiquette” goes beyond the scope of Confucian classics，Exploring the formation of "Shang Shu" from the overall environment of ancient cultural ecology，In the comparison of "Shang Shu", "Yi Zhou Shu" and the "Book" Chapter of Tsinghua Bamboo Slips，Compare the chapters of "Kang Gao" with feudal rituals、Order Ceremony、Prison gift、Clearly explain the inner connection of elder care ceremony and other etiquette，Thus taking relevant research one step forward。

Zhang Huaitong has devoted himself to the study of "Shang Shu" for many years，Published "New Evidence of Small Yuding and "World Prisoners"" ("Chinese History Research" Issue 1, 2008)、"An Examination of Rituals of Shang and Zhou Dynasties" ("Ancient Civilization" Issue 2, 2016)、"The Great Cauldron and the Style of Kanggao" (Editor-in-Chief Zhu Fenghan: "Bronze Wares and Bronze Inscriptions" Volume 2，Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 2018 edition)、"Research on Dake Ding and "Duofang" Style" (Editor-in-Chief Wang Zhidong: "Dongyi Culture Series" No. 1，Shandong People's Publishing House 2019 Edition)、"History of Dun in "Yao Canon"" (edited by Hou Huiming: "Jin Studies Research" No. 1，Commercial Press 2021 Edition) and other special papers，And published the monograph "New Research on "Yi Zhou Shu"" (Zhonghua Book Company 2013 edition)，This laid a solid foundation for his theory that "'Shang bet365 new user promo" in his book "New Study of Shangshu"。

Research on Zhang Huaitong’s "Shang Shu"，Adopted the intersection of multiple disciplines、Comprehensive application method。First，Oracle bone inscriptions of Shang and Zhou dynasties、Reading and proofreading of bronze inscriptions and "Shang Shu" chapters。"Shangshu" is a political document of Yu, Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties，The contemporary materials are oracle bone inscriptions and bronze inscriptions。Therefore，Oracle bone inscriptions and bronze inscriptions contain the key to unlocking the way the chapters of "Shang Shu" are formed。For example, the inscriptions on the wall of the minister，Not only proves that there was a complete program in the late Shang Dynasty、A prisoner presentation ceremony with complicated rituals，It also proves that major events in the late Shang Dynasty could be recorded in a clear and coherent manner，Form a relatively complete code book。Another example is Fang Yi，Not only proves that the dialogue form in "Ji Gong", "Zhao Gao" and "Luo Gao" is the original style of Western Zhou literature，And it proves that the description of relevant ceremonies in these documents is carried out step by step according to the ritual rhythm。Secondly，Drawing on oral poetics、New achievements in cultural anthropology。Since the Warring States and Han Dynasties，Scholars believe that "Kang Gao" is the feudal imperial edict of Uncle Kang，But after the emergence of modern history，This proposition needs to be established through empirical evidence。Zhang Huaitong starts bet365 new user promo the point of view that the formulas and rituals of cultural anthropology are closely connected，Extensive collection、Compiled the same or similar sentences in handed down documents and unearthed documents，Prove that the passage preceded by the second "Wang Ruoyue" in "Kang Gao" is a cliche，And this formula is connected with the last ritual festival of the feudal ceremony of the Western Zhou Dynasty, "conferring the people"，This further proves that the entire "Kang Gao" is the feudal imperial edict of Uncle Kang。This way，The relationship between "Kang Gao" and feudal ceremonies is completely established。

Since it has been proved that chapters such as "Kang Gao" originated bet365 new user promo the sacrifice of prisoners、Feudal and other ceremonies，This also laid the foundation for discussing the formation of chapters such as "Yao Dian" and "Gaotao Mo" and the sources of the ancient history contained therein。Although chapters such as "Yao Dian" and "Gao Tao Mo" are called Yu Xia Shu，But it was formed in the Warring States Period。Then，Where did the author compile the materials bet365 new user promo?？Zhang Huaitong believes that Dunshi is one of the sources。He used the pension gift as a clue，Distinguish the historical data arising bet365 new user promo the pension ceremony bet365 new user promo "Yao Dian" and "Gaotao Mo"。Such research，On the one hand，Transform the problem of proving the authenticity of the ancient history system into the problem of proving whether the materials recording ancient history have their origins，Enables greater room for maneuver in research；On the other hand，Use etiquette to connect the history of Yu, Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties，To explore the history of the legendary era、Reconstructing the ancient history system，Opened a new idea。

"Four Announcements" from Tsinghua University slips published at the end of 2020，Formed by Duke Zhou、Boqin、King Mu、Zhao Bo’s ceremony to worship gods such as Gaotao and Binren，And it can be known from the first part，"Establishing the Government" is a speech delivered by Duke Zhou at the ceremony to worship Gaotao。This shows that the theory that "'Shang bet365 new user promo" can withstand the test of historical data。With the continuous discovery of new materials、Continuously putting forward propositions in the new era，The theory that "'Shang bet365 new user promo" may have great potential in future development。

Needless to say，The book still has some unresolved issues，Mainly include: first，The research on Yu-Xia books such as "Yao Dian" is still relatively weak，What we are currently discussing is only the pension gift，Other rituals should also be decided。Second，When absorbing the results of paleography，Pay attention to the latest research progress。For example, the research on the word "鬲" in the third section of Chapter 2，Failed to distinguish carefully between "鬲" and "Like"。Third，Some places fail to place archaeological materials in the context of archaeological excavation。For example, "Prisoners of the World" records the prisoner presentation ceremony，Can I talk to Feng Hao、Comparison of some high-level sacrificial remains discovered in Zhouyuan archeology？Fourth，Lack of attention to the results of foreign scholars studying "Shangshu"，For example, the Swedish scholar Kobenhan、American scholar Alan、Japanese scholar Masuyoshi Hashimoto，As well as American and European scholar Martin Ke in recent years、Research on "Shangshu" by Mai Di and others，They are all “stones bet365 new user promo other mountains” that can be used to “attack jade”，Should be fully absorbed into new research on "Shangshu"。

(Author’s unit: Department of Archeology, School of bet365 new user promo, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)