Although the rulers of the Ming Dynasty issued the ban on the ban on many times，But the input of bet365 live casino games Southeast Asian spices is increasing compared with the previous generation，Especially from the beginning of the Hong Nian，The rapid development of folk marine trade，Pepper、Su Mu、The import of Southeast Asian spices such as sandalwood and other Southeast Asian spices gradually reached a climax。This not only reflects the challenges of coastal merchants on the maritime ban，It is also the result of the central and local games。Regardless of the implementation of the ban policy in the early Ming Dynasty、The development of the tribute trade and Zheng He's going to the western event，Still the dispute between the opening of the sea and the ban on the sea during the Jiajing period，or the opening of the month of the early years of Longqing，Southeast Asian spices are key factor for the formulation and changes of this series of policies。"Storage of Begger" and "Forbidden Fragrance" argument，The adjustment of the Ming Dynasty marine policy is always always。

The Ming Dynasty marine policy did not show an internal and conservative situation at the beginning。For example，In the first year of Wu (1367)，Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the Division of the Shipbuilding Division。Hong Wuchu，He clearly mentioned in the "CONCC and other places in the West River and other places"，The profit brought by the South China Sea Trade "Comparable to the Mining Tax of Shizhou"，Pepper imported from Southeast Asia "Lightly determine the price，The list of good -looking bet365 live casino games people to the two places in the West River and Meichuan "，to avoid the hardships of the people in the belly。These two measures description，Zhu Yuanzhang not only knows the role of overseas trade on economic development and military construction，and keenly seeing bet365 live casino games Southeast Asian spices represented by pepper to give a pivotal position in overseas trade。

From the four years of Hongwu (1371)，A sharp turn in marine policy。The Ming court used the consideration of maintaining the safety of the sea and Jiangsu，Siniors of the number of banned people to the sea in succession。but，This has not been completely banned from the folk overseas trade，People along the coast are often private，Trade spices and other goods。For this，Hongwu twenty -seven years，Zhu Yuanzhang's order: "Forbidden folk use Fragrance、Fancao ... folk prayers，Turbal pine and cypress、Maple Tao Zhuxiang，Crime of the offender。"Jianwen three years (1401)，The Ministry of Rites reiterates the ban regulations，and expand the scope of the forbidden Fanxiang from the folk to officials and soldiers，Regulations "Don't ask officials、But the cargo，But the cargo、Fragrant and other things，Not allowed to save money "。These two ban are designed to be in the way of banning Fanxiang，Cutting off the demand for bet365 live casino games Southeast Asian spices from the root cause，To achieve the purpose of completely banning private overseas trade。

Visible，Whether it is Hongwu's early storage of pepper storage wood in the "opening method"，Still the subsequent forbidden Fanxiang with the private privateness，In the process of opening the sea and the ban on the sea in the early Ming Dynasty, in the process of changing and implementation of the ban on the sea，bet365 live casino games Southeast Asian spices all play an important role in it。As an imported Southeast Asian spice，The reason why it has become an important reference for the formulation and implementation of marine policy in the early Ming Dynasty，One indicates that it has an important position in marine trade，and is very popular in the Chinese market; the second shows that the court had a considerable degree of understanding of folk marine trade at that time。but，This understanding not only failed to promote the optimization of the Ming Dynasty marine policy，Instead, the court enters the misunderstanding of the folk marine trade with the security of the sea and because of the safety of the sea and because。

Hongwu、Yongle Two Dynasties，Due to the strict implementation of the sea ban policy，Folk marine trade is dying，Official trade has become the main channel for foreign trade during this period。Java、Siam、Zhenla and other countries enter tribute pepper、Su Mu tens of thousands of pounds，Zheng He also brought back a large number of bet365 live casino games Southeast Asian spices。The first year of the first year of orthodox year (1436) after the end of Western Ocean activities，There are still pepper in Nanjing's official database、Su Mu at least 3 million kg。A large amount of Southeast Asian pepper and Su Mu entered the Ming Dynasty's mibes，and are widely used for all kinds of rewards、support。From the 20th year of Yongle (1422)，Two Beijing officials、The officers and soldiers of the guards and even local officials，Pepper one after another、Su Mu Folding Branch。This move not only reduces the financial pressure of the court，and make a large amount of pepper accumulated in the official database、Su Mu is scattered to multiple families，Unintentionally bet365 live casino games expand the consumption of Southeast Asian spices in the people。

Xuande after Xuande，Zheng He's going to the West to stop，The tribute system is increasingly collapsed。Folk marine trade is darken in the gap between the sea ban policy，Foreign business also fakes the name of the DPRK tribute to business，Thick -to -thirsty price purchase system is difficult to continue。On the occasion of Chenghong，Guangzhou began to draw points on Fanshin，Cornwood and other objects "overflow in the city"，"The poor ordered Bocai，Multi -rich "。Four years of Zhengde (1509)，Pickup system is publicly established。Zhengde Nine Years，The Council of the Guangdong Administration Department Chen Boxian believes，bet365 live casino games Southeast Asian spices "Non -cloth，Unparalleled one day of people's livelihood "，Xu Dao points will make the traitors get up、outer troubles to，Sui Shangshu requests the ban on the banker、Stop drawing。The Ministry of Rites adopts its suggestions，Hushed out the shipping points。but，This move has not really played a ban on the sea、The role of blocking foreign，Instead, there is no door to raise the two and Guangxi army，Fast for spices can not be given。So，The city shipping scoring system is quickly restarted，Guangzhou City reproduces "Fan Ship is endless in Haiyu，The busy trade scene of the prefecture city "。

The city shipping system is secretly implemented from the secret establishment of the period from Hongzhi to the open establishment of the Zhengde period，Explain that the Guangdong authorities' challenges and attempts to challenge and attempts have achieved successfulness。Of course, this is inseparable from the accurate grasp of local officials and active promotion behind the coastal trade situation，But the bet365 Play online games Chinese market is pair of pepper、bet365 live casino games Southeast Asian spices represented by Su Mu，The ultimate support for the final establishment of the scoring system，It continues to promote the opening of marine policies in the Ming Dynasty。

During the Jiajing period，Coastal smuggling and pirate activities intensified，Ming Shizong twice reiterated the "Private Buy Rules" in Hongzhi's "Criminal Regulations"、Selling Su Mu、Pepper to more than 1,000 kg，Jianfa Bianwei Chong Army，Fancai and Entering Officials "，strives to cut off private overseas trade in the way of banned pepperwood，Reaching Jinghai Purpose。Jiajing seventeen years (1538) Jinshi、Cixi people Feng Ye pointed out: "The vendor is here，but pepper、Su Mu and other parts，Not much use in folk，Limited food "，"Things with no use，Jifan people's useful device，The soldiers who are granted with their handles also "。He again from pepper、Su Mu's non -necessary angle，Explaining the restart of the people's overseas trade will not lose。but，The strengthening of the sea ban policy not only failed to get in exchange for Haijiang stability，​​On the contrary, the sea suffers is getting worse。More and more people recognize，Blind sea ban can not reach the real Jinghai，Kaihai to do business is the fundamental way to eliminate the source of chaos，Pepper、The input of bet365 live casino games Southeast Asian spices such as Su Mu will not only cause the Haijiang crisis，Instead, it has great benefit to the economy and people's livelihood。Guangdong governor Lin Fu Cong for Royal use、Make up finance、Charge the army、Foundation、Multi -levels such as rich people，Explained the bellwood、Tong City List、The necessity of scoring points。

With the gradual clearness Bet365 lotto review of people's understanding of the roots of the sea and Xin,，The first year of Longqing (1567) monthly Hong Kong open。The sea ban policy that lasted for nearly 200 years was broken，The coastal merchants go to the sea to get legal holes，The tax system is increasingly standardized。Longqing six years，"Examples of Business and Taxes" repaired by Zhangzhou Mansion，"Put the sea boat loaded pepper、Su Mu、ivory and other goods "，20 kinds of bet365 live casino games Southeast Asian spices are included in the taxation category，and occupy the largest proportion in imported goods tax forms。Monthly Hong Kong Opening and Tax System standardization，Not only brings considerable income to the local area of ​​Fujian，And by legalizing the import of spices，Effectively establish a stable connection between the Chinese and Southeast Asian markets，Created opportunities for China to integrate into the world marine system。

Strengthening the sea ban from the early days of Jiajing、Forbidden dealer pepperwood，Open in the early months of the early years of Longqing、Standard tax system，Breakthrough of the Ming Dynasty marine policy。This breakthrough is not just the rapid awakening of the ruling class promoted by Jiajing Dajiao.，More is the Ming court triggered by bet365 live casino games Southeast Asian spices from local to the central government's reflection on the sea ban，It is forced to transform under the impact of marine trade.，It reflects the gradual fading of political functions in marine trade、Trial regression of economic functions。But，This limited local regression，It is difficult to promote the Ming Dynasty marine policy to be completely open，The pace of the Ming court's adjustment of marine policy adjustment has never been able to follow bet365 best casino games the development of Shanghai's foreign trade development。

(This article is the Study of the National Social Science Fund "Research on the Fusion of Flowing and Chinese and Foreign Culture in the Ming and Qing Dynasties" (17czs049)

(Author Unit: The Institute of Science and Technology History of Nanjing Information Engineering University)