The ancient name of the canal in the canal，Early Shandi，Most of Yunzhou walks in the lake。Water flow status is not like the south of the north of the north like modern times，In the early days, there was a period of less dike，And the southwater flow。Dynamic changes in water flow，Being over for a long time。Before the Yellow River was caught in the sea，Northern Jiangsu area has not been affected by the stasis of the Yellow River's sandy accumulation，Low low north and north，The water of the canal can flow north。，As the northern terrain is raised，Increase in lakes in the west of Canal，It is difficult to run north。It was found that this phenomenon was Liu Wenqi, a ritual of the Qing Dynasty。Ruan Yuan affirmed this in the "preface" written by Liu Wenqi "Yangzhou Waterway"。

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Tang Dynasty Li Yan's "Come to South Record" mentioned the water flow dynamics of the Canal，"From the Yellow River in the lower Lawkawa、Liang Liang，Crossing Huai to Huaiyin，1,800 miles of thirty miles，Shunliu; from Huaiyin to Shaobo，Three hundred miles of fifty miles，countercurrent; ninety miles from Shaobo to Jiangjiang，Eight hundred miles from Runzhou to Hangzhou，Qu has high，Water does not flow "。Huaiyin to Shaobo Lake this section is countercurrent，Explain that the northern terrain is low。During the development of the gap，It is also an attractive river to the north flow。When the Sui Dynasty opened the Grand Canal，Also attracts the river to Huai'an，The water level of the Yangtze River at that time was higher than Huaishui。The Qing people already have this understanding: "，Grand Career Gulf，All from Shanyang to Yangzi enter the river。Water flow is opposite to the front，To the beginning of Mencius's words。Gai Gu Jiang Gaohuai low，Therefore, the river water enters Huai。Today Huai is taken by the Yellow River，Sandy Sirwid for a long time，Instead of turning the Huai Gao River low also。”

In the early days, the water flow was flowing north，Highlands are often deficient in water。"Water Sutra Note": "From Yonghe Zhong，Jiangdu Water Broken，Its water inherits Ouyang，Guide to the river water，Sixty miles to Guangling City。"Early river water Bet365 lotto review through tide，You can flow north to Yangzhou City，But there will also be a phenomenon of water flow interruption，Therefore, the official builds Shaobo 埭 埭。Tang Dynasty，The Yangtze River is reduced to northern Jiangsu.，The hydrological situation near the canal changes。Early Yangzhou Wutang Xingxiu was for irrigation，In the Tang Dynasty, there was a function of helping luck，Official repair Chen Gongtang and being used for help。Song Shi need to get lucky，Multiple repair five ponds，Prepare water for water。Measures for repairing the five ponds，Live until the beginning of the Ming Dynasty。After this，With yellow、Huaishui enters the Liflog River，The degree of leakage in the river also increases，It is not necessary to open the pond，The Ming Dynasty Pan Jizhao believed that the suffering at the time was in the water，No need to open a pond。

The transportation system is continuously improved 

Tang and Song Dynasties，The embankment of the canal of the canal enables many rivers and lakes to separate。This has further developed the lakes in the western region of the canal，The channel system in the eastern region of the canal is also continuously improved。Three Years of Northern Song Dynasty (1025)，Deputy envoy of the shipping deputy Zhang Lun increased the embankment 200 miles，Repair 10 rolling water weir。In the southern part of the canal，Jingyou two years (1035) 19 Blocks on the Dougu section，After that, many bucket doors have been built one after another。Call Boyan is the gates of water storage in the north，Yi Zhen has a large number of ships and re -gates，There are layers of water -saving gate dams，Water storage and water，Lift the water level to benefit the boat。Xiang Zixuan Xuanhe was the envoy of Jianghuai in the early years，Someone "Want to Jun River and Jianghuai Ping"。Xiangzi said: "He is high in the river and Huaiqi，and the desire to be flat，Never。Open the gate to You Si, one day and one gates，Reproduced weir water storage，There is no shortage of water，Act that is directly reached by year，Open Closure Winjin，Weir gates are not exist。"This refers to the high difference between Jianghuai and the Luohe River of the Tong Yellow River，Luo River Smilts，Phenomenon that forms the Yellow River area higher than the Jianghuai area，The canal in Jianghuai District passes water -saving and stored water，from low to high。Direct method at that time，Waste to Bet365 lotto review go to the gates，Waste to go to the gates，To the canal failure。

Song Jingdezhong，Li Xun Ren JAC and other roads to send a fortune，Gaoyou Xinkai Lake Lake Water Scattered，Duo Fengtao，Ordered the ship to return to the empty ship when he crossed Sizhou，Loading stone Enter the new lake，accumulated as a long embankment，Single embankment is facing water in the lake。In Baima Lake，The Song people built a single embankment in it。The embankment of the Song people is the Shandi Canal，Usually close the gate，Do not let the lake water enter the river; open the gate when drought，Lake water into the canal，This is the northern area of ​​the canal。After the single embankment is fixed，The lake that is often formed is different from the water environment of the canal。

Construction of a series of embankments in the Ming Dynasty 

After restarting the Grand Canal in the Ming Dynasty，The official has built a series of embankment in the Liflope area。But，The impact of the Yellow River on the north of the Lifai River continues to increase。Division in Qingjiangpu，Yellow Water will enter the Lifai River with Huaishui，Make Qingjiangpu District stasis，It will also overflow。In the early Qing Dynasty, Jin Fu once talked about the impact of the high difference between the Yellow River and the canal on the environmental change，"Check from Qingjiangpu to Haikou，About 300 miles long，The water surface of the sun in the sun is below the Pushi worker of the Qingjiang River，Today is stone industry and horizon。Xianghe body ranges from two or four feet，This is the deep of the world but eight or nine feet，The shallow person has only two or three feet。Yellow River Stile，Canal also silt，Jinhuai Ancheng 堞 Hebei at the bottom of the river，The canal in the clear mouth and mud shallow，Today Hong Ze's bottom gradually becomes a flat land "。Large -scale silt，Changed high -speed，Change the water level difference。In the Ming Dynasty，This change makes more water flow south。Nine years of Chenghua (1473)，The official believes that the transportation requires the help of the lakes。The upstream of the Huaiyang Canal at that time，That is, the Huai'an to Xuzhou section is often shallow and waterless，The water flow in the lower reaches is often insufficient。Chenghua's ten -year relevant officials said: "From Xuzhou，South to Suqian，More than two hundred miles，Astrimbly water。"The water environment bet365 Play online games in the Ming Dynasty is gradually enriched，The richness of the water environment is also related to the construction of the embankment。After repairing the embankment，Lake water level rises，The high and low water flow of the canal in canal，Better -enhanced。The phenomenon of "Shao Boping" appeared during the Xuande period，In this area, there was a gates in the canal in the canal，Due to the continuous construction of the transportation officials，The water level of the canal is improved，The sluice will naturally become a virtual，There is a phenomenon of flat flow。

The east leak of the Huaishui and the embankment of the Highbloral Lake in the middle of the Li Canal, the embankment Xingxiu has exacerbated the lake expansion，Promoting the connection of the Canal River。The construction of the Yuehe and the embankment increases the penetration of Lili River itself。Dongdi of the thirty -six lakes in the Song Dynasty was improved until 20 years of Wanli，After more than 200 years。Many places have always only Dongdi along the lake，The embankment body is thin，Dyunius often collapsed。The official sets a sluice -cutting and water reducing hole to control the water potential on the east bank of the canal，Control irrigation，The water level takes seven feet as a degree or leaks the water。Shuangdi Canal blocked the West Lake to leak the water east，The water body develops west of the canal，Plus the incense of the northern bonding formed by the Yellow Henan pantry，Quickly remit water along the scattered lake along the canal，The water flow of the canal is therefore penetrated。

The Canal Embankment Day gradually improves 

The Kangji River formed in the early Ming Dynasty，It can be canal in the canal opened in the East area，This makes the east of Gaoyou City formed three embankments。West is the old embankment、Middle is the Embankment、East is Dongdi，Yunzhou travels between Zhongdi and Dongdi。A large range of water environment space is formed between the embankments。Huanghuai Shui rushes to the west embankment when the flood rises，Between this large -scale embankment and the embankment will also overflow on season。These fields circled by the embankment are in a kind of high -siege high、Low state in the middle，Once the western embankment is leaking out of the embankment，Sucian Lake in this area。After that，The official will migrate the Kangji River on the west of the old embankment，Bet365 app download Formed a more stable canal system。"Gaoyou Yuehe River is in the old embankment，Pure masonry，It is deeply long。"The masonry embankment is an improvement of the early earth embankment，Obstacles to the western water flow，The flow of the water flow of the canal，All work。High embankment control water potential，Improve the water level，Promoting the water and water flow of the lake。

Adding of gates means strengthening the embankment，The embankment promotes water blocking effect，Di West Lake increases water，The water of the canal is also rich。Before Wanli，Yunxi Lake has not yet been converged in one -scale，Water Season，Water is not as good as transportation，The Yellow River water makes the bottom of the river high，The official closed gate will not leak。After Jiajing，The degree of rich water in the canal of the canal is strengthened，Frequently open the gate to make the Yundong area in a flood state。The embankment of the moon beside the lake，The official first chooses to build the stone dam，The big river mouth built a roller dam，Raise water to a certain water level and let it overflow the east，or enter the sea。The process of changing the gate to the dam，is to increase the mouth door to rolling dams，The water flow in the canal in the canal continues to penetrate，Embankment perfect，Water level increase，Only there is a large rise of the dam of the dam。Yili Canal is constantly entering the Yellow River water，The canal River River is constantly getting high in the case of undertaking the muddy of the Yellow River。early Qing Dynasty，The level of the canal in the central part is very significant。"River height，Canal body is also high。High body，and increasingly built，The height of the canal embankment also，Several and Chengzheng。"There are also related evaluations at the end of the Qing Dynasty。

Later generations believe that the major changes in the entire water flow occur after the middle of the Ming Dynasty，The northern lake enters the Yizhen Canal，Lake transport water level integration。Gao Bao Zhuhu Lake Moles Two、Three feet，Make Yangzhou Bay head area water。Fengshui of Gao Baohu has affected the water level of the canal and the canal of the canal around the Yangyi area。Continuing the dyke in the middle of the Canal River to rise to the water level of the lake and water，It also improved the water level of the canal。

Causes a series of hydrological changes 

The situation of the highlands near the Guiyi bet365 live casino games Canal，Until the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, it needs to be transported to the water。Chenghua Nine Years，Chen Rui played: "Yizhengua canal，Original waterless source，All depends on Yangzhou Leigong、Chen Gong Ertang and Gaoyoubao Ying Shao Bo and other lakes to benefit。"Sixteen years of Zhengde (1521)，Yizhen is still repaired in Wutang for lucky luck。to the middle of the Ming Dynasty，Entering the river water can be relied on the north。Chen Gongtang and other long -term relief rivers to relieve transportation during this period，Division of Zhafu。Mingzhong and late stages，Northern embankment reaches a certain height，Stronger water leakage ability。The water leaked in the mouth of Guayi is the upstream white horse、The water of the Canal in the Ganguang Lake。"Yangzhou and South，There is melon、Yi Erzha，All of the Rivers who leaked the lake and water。"" After the change of the Ming Dynasty，The situation of the canal throughout the Lili River has changed。In the early Qing Dynasty "Yangzhou Prefecture": "Flowing on Heai Huai，The bottom is in Jianghai。The former river canal is above the Jianghuai，Frequency in drought，Below the Huaihuai Huai today，Frequent in water。"This shows that the key dynamic changes in the water flow occurred in the Ming Dynasty。Increased by the canal，Water construction in the north，The gates of the estuary in the Guiyi area do not need him to help him as before。

In short，The embankment of Huanghuai Shui and the dynamic Liflog River contributed to the change of water flow。After restarting the Grand Canal in the Ming Dynasty，The increase in the embankment has led to a series of hydrological changes。In the early days, there were more sections of the integrated lake and the canal，External water transportation in dry land is often needed。With the construction of the canal embankment，Especially the construction of Shuangdi in the lake area，produced two important results。First, it has promoted the union and Huishui of the Takaibao Zhuhu Lake，Second, it promotes the overall penetration of the water flow of the canal。The water flow from the canal from relative discomfort to connecting，Generally occurred in the middle of the Ming Dynasty，At this time, the Lifai River penetration is strengthened。Pan Ji tame Gaojiayan，Due to the growth of the water from Gaobao to the Gaobao Zhuhu Lake，Gaobao Zhuhu's water level further Bet365 lotto review increases，This further penetrates the integration of the water flow of the Canal River。To the Qing Dynasty，With the further increase of yellow water，Huai Shui is difficult to enter yellow，excretion in Gaobao，More water flows into the river，The water flow of the canal，At this point, it has changed ancient and modern。Now，This area has implemented the Eastern Line Project of the South -to -North Water Diversion in modern times，This is feasible from the ancient water environment，Because of ancient times, it was also flowing from the south to the north，Jiangshui to take the mechanical power north flow can improve the water environment in the north。

(This article is the National Social Science Foundation's major project "The impact of the hydrological environment in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the 9-20th century on the canal and the Putian system" (18zda178) 

(Author Unit: Fudan University Historical Geography Research Center; Institute of Cultural Belt Construction Research Institute of the Grand Canal Cultural Belt of Jiangsu Academy of Social Sciences)