May 19，2022 National Social Science Fund major project "Ming and Qing Dynasties North China core district ecological environment changes and economic development research" opening seminar held at Tsinghua University。The meeting invited Li Bozhong, a professor at the Department of History at Peking University、Professor Han Maoli, a professor at the School of City and Environment of Peking University、Professor Zhao Shiyu at the Department of History at Peking University、Researcher Liu Zhonghua, Researcher at the Institute of History of Beijing Academy of Social Sciences、Researchers at the Institute of Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences conduct review。

Chief expert of the project、Professor Zhong Weimin, a professor at the Department of History at the School of Humanities of Tsinghua University, introduced the overall structure of the project。He thinks，Regional history research is an important way to deepen Chinese history research，The project team summarizes the results of the previous social and economic history of North China，The new concept of "North China core area" is proposed。This concept will not only make future North China research more focused，and help to re -understand North China。The specific scope of "North China Core District"，If the terrain is defined，The Yanshan Mountains in the north are bounded，Ether Mountains in the west，The Huaihe River is the boundary in the south，Its main body is the vast North China Plain; if it is defined by the administrative area，The scope basically includes bet365 Play online games Beijing、Tianjin City、Hebei Province、Shandong Province、Henan Province，and northern Jiangsu、part of Huaibei。This project intends to conduct research on important economic history issues in the core area of ​​the North China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties，Discuss the status of China's economic and social development transformation during this period，Provide historical experience and reference for the future development plan and related decision -making of North China。Subsequent，The member of the project according to the division of labor according to the sub -subject，Change from the ecological environment、Land and the crowd、Crop and Agricultural Ecology、Urban and Rural Structure System、Five aspects of economic and social structure，I introduced the basic content of the project。Evaluation experts highly evaluated the research idea of ​​this project，It is believed that this research is highly consistent with the national policy of cooperating with the current North China，Has high academic value。Scholars participating scholars conducted full discussions on how to deepen the research on regional history in North China。

"Ecological Environment" and "Economic Development" are the core research content of the project。Experts at the meeting think，Can't analyze the ecological changes and economic structure changes in the core area of ​​North China，Instead, pay attention to the mutual influence of the two。Han Maoli said，Human economic activities are both destructive and constructive for the ecological environment，To treat this question scientifically。She particularly emphasized the key impact of the Yellow River on the economic development of the Yellow River，The Yellow River's several times in history Bet365 lotto review directly leads to changes in the economic status of North China，In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Yellow River seized Huai to enter the sea，In fact, it provides opportunities for economic development in North China。Zhao Shiyu thinks，Agricultural development in North China has a long history，During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were some problems left over from the former dynasty。Therefore，It is necessary to adopt a longer period of vision to examine the ecological changes and economic development of North China。Liu Zhonghua advocates，It should be regarded as part of the ecological environment，Production method of society in the Ming and Qing Dynasties、Economic System、Technical innovation and other issues need to conduct a detailed investigation。other，How do people know the ecological environment and socioeconomic development of North China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties，Also worthy of attention。

Experts at the meeting emphasized，As a regional history research，The regional characteristics of refining the core area of ​​North China should be the ultimate purpose of the study。Li Bozhong recommends a macro analysis of changes in the population of the population in North China，I believe that various cities and towns in North China do not form a close economic connection like Jiangnan，Its uniqueness lies in the high degree of integration of social culture。During the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, frequent population migration，Different ethnic groups survive in North China，Gradually created cultural identity，A regional characteristics of the unified and economic dispersed in the North China internal culture，The contradiction between the two is a phenomenon worthy of attention。Han Maoli thinks，The area of ​​this study is determined bet365 live casino games that there is a scientific foundation，By comparing the natural environmental conditions and economic development process of North China and Jiangnan，Should think about why the economic center of gravity of North China was replaced by Jiangnan。Zhao Shiyu said，Japanese scholar Sibo Yixin's research on the economic history of the Jiangnan Economic History of the Song Dynasty provided a good model for the project，The project team should learn from the academic research method of the overall history，Research on regional economic history of macro or medium view，On the basis of case analysis, a relatively macro new understanding。Magic group thinks，Not only must I refine the overall characteristics of North China，And to distinguish the Asian district inside North China，Note the relationship between the Asian areas。

Experts at the meeting think，Pay attention to the impact of political factors on the core area of ​​North China。Li Bohong emphasized，Beijing as the core area as the "core area of ​​North China"，It should be the key to research。Zhao Shiyu pointed out，The reason why North China becomes the core area，Ding Ding, the three dynasties of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Beijing is inseparable; Beijing as a political center，It has a strong radiation effect on the surrounding areas，Most surrounding areas have significant features to serve Beijing。From the perspective of economic functions，Think that North China is both a political center，Also shoulders the heavy responsibility of border defense，Therefore, a large number of wealth nationwide is concentrated and consumed，This is one of the basic regional characteristics of North China，It is the difference between North China and Jiangnan and other areas。Bet365 lotto review Liu Zhonghua thinks，Pay attention to the relationship between the North China region and the national political life during the Ming and Qing Dynasties，Explore the changes in the ecological environment、Deep connections between economic activities and national politics。

The changes and continuity of the core area of ​​North China in the changes in ecological environment and economic development，It is also an important question。Li Bozhong pointed out，There was a huge change in North China in the late Qing Dynasty，In the economy、Society and politics have appeared many unprecedented new factors。Han Maoli thinks，The intervention of Western forces in the late Qing Dynasty and the development of new industries，It has a certain impact on the economic development of North China，and then deepened North China and Jiangnan、The economic gap between the coast and the inland。Zhao Shiyu thinks，Compared with many areas，During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the North China Plain was relatively stable in terms of ecological environment changes and development.。Liu Zhonghua also emphasized the stability of the ecological environment of the North China region during the Ming and Qing Dynasties，And believes that this stability is likely to be projected into regional political development、Economic System and Culture、Social structure level。Magic group thinks，Pay attention to the changes and continuity of North China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties，Taking the core area of ​​North China as the main body，From the perspective of regional characteristics，Grasp the stage characteristics of this regional change。

The participating experts also made several specific suggestions for the research team of the project。Li Bozhong pointed out，The project team needs to further clarify the time definition，Considering whether to incorporate bet365 live casino games it into the research scope of the late Qing Dynasty。If it is incorporated into this study in the late Qing Dynasty，then need to be integrated、The research ideas of the two parts of the two parts from the Ming Dynasty to the middle of the Qing Dynasty and the late Qing Dynasty。Zhao Shiyu thinks，The concept of "North China Core District" still needs to be repeatedly scrutinized，In particular, consider its relationship with Shanxi。He also said，Each sub -topic should be closely carried out around the "North China core area"，Can't obviously focus on research on a single province and cities，to avoid arriving at the research object。other，The project team is carrying out urban and rural structures、Topics such as economic and social structures，The research scope should be appropriately reduced，Make the research content more specific，Then improve the operability of the project。Liu Zhonghua thinks，The technical factors should be included in the research field，For example, agricultural farming technology、Water conservancy technology, etc.，To show the technological development context of North China、The transformation and construction of a person's natural environment。Suggestions of Geopoly Group，In addition to focusing on the agriculture in North China、Land and other problems，You also need to pay attention to the development status of the handicraft industry。

This seminar on this question not only shows the new direction and new perspective of the research of regional history in North China，It also provides a feasible path for the further deepening of regional history research in North China。The project team carefully listened to the suggestions of experts and scholars，and internal discussion after bet365 best casino games the meeting，Further clarified the research direction of the project，Further clarified the research direction of the project。

(Author Unit: History Department of Tsinghua University School of Humanities)