From the perspective of the history of thought，The theoretical tradition of the entire Western Marxism is roughly presented as two directions: First, criticize the contemporary capitalist society，The theory of critical society of capitalist society; the second is the discussion of possible revolutionary roads，That is the new revolution theory。In this sense，Although British Marxism is very different from Western Marxism in the European continent in its theoretical tradition and philosophy.，But its theoretical creation basically expands along these two directions。British Marxism surrounds the class in different periods、Culture、The theme of the state and ecology and other topics interpret historical materialism creative、Construction and defense，and show a unique style in the diverse theoretical layout of contemporary foreign Marxism。The development of Marxism in the UK has always been associated with its local social and political life and global political situation，Especially the occurrence of the financial crisis in 2008, the once silent study of class problems was revived again，Class theory that promotes British Marxism also presents a new development trend。Speaking，The British Marxist class theory has gone through the establishment of a historic research paradigm since the 1950s、Politics research paradigm and the reconstruction and reconstruction of political economics research paradigm，This presents the theoretical personality of British Marxism。

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　　The method of class struggle is to run through the basic thoughts of the Communist Declaration，It is also Marx and Engels to study human history、Especially the basic method of studying the development of modern society。But Marx did not give a clear definition of class in "Capital"。Since the rise of the new left in the UK in 1956，Thompson、Hobbes Bommist and other British Marxist historians in the text of British workers in "The Formation of British Workers" and "The World of Labor"，Starting from the relevant discussions of historical materialism，Research method with historicism，Examine the formation of the British workers' class and historical evolution from the perspective of class consciousness。This creates a paradigm for class theory to a certain extent，Rich class and class struggle theory of historical materialism。

First，The essence of class is a relationship。As a total of the relationship between history，The working class not only has the basic relationship of capitalist production relations，And politics、The essence of cultural relations。Second，Due to the intermediary role between the existence of social existence and social consciousness，Social existence is understood as a living historical process rather than rigid physical concept。Then，The formation of the working class not only requires the prerequisite of the capitalist production method，Customs and habits at the same time、The tradition of national culture can also play objectively in the generation of class consciousness、Sometimes or even a decisive role。That's for this，Class and class consciousness cannot be separated。third，In terms of class consciousness bet365 live casino games and class struggle，British Marxism emphasizes class struggle analysis methods in essence as an overall relationship analysis method。

It can be said，The research paradigm of historics attempts to rebel and resist the dominance of French "rational" and scientific Marxist tradition with British national cultural traditions。In other words，Research paradigm of this historicism，Try to adhere to the philosophy and politics created by the British anti -enlightenment philosophy since the 18th century、History equivalent research tradition，It is essentially a historic philosophical tradition。

　　Startup of Political Science Research

　　Political Study Study Favorites Proposal in the analysis of the political structure of the class，Perspective of emphasis on social power relations。From this，This research paradigm reveals the power composition and change between the ruling class and the ruling class，In -depth investigation of the basic elements and causes of the constitutional change of power relationship，Then think about the historical fate of the working class and socialism。

First，Political Studies Forman always emphasizes Marx's class analysis method as an effective tool for analyzing the real and political phenomenon of developed capitalist society。They think，In the political development process of developed capitalist countries，Although a variety of "intermediate class" appears,，Its essence is still a process between the ruling class that sells labor and the ruling class that possesses the production materials。Second，This research paradigm attaches great importance to the theoretical value of the "overall worker" in "Capital" for understanding the working class，Discuss bet365 live casino games the hierarchical problem of the workers class in the developed capitalist society。They believe that new changes in the class structure of contemporary capitalist social class，It's just the re -combination of the working class that always exists in the entire capitalist history。On the subject of the socialist revolution，The tombgers who emphasize capitalism are still organized workers' classes，thereby refuting the new revisionism of Britain and the so -called theory of "farewell to the working class"。again，They elaborate and construct their national theory with class concepts。They point out the importance of working class parties in the transition of capitalism into a socialist process，Answer the time of the times faced by Marxism。Especially in "Capitalism Country"，Ralph Miliband，1924-1994) On the basis of analyzing the relationship between national power and elite politics，Emphasized that although contemporary capitalist countries are in the economy、major changes in the fields of politics and culture，But its essence is still the ruling tool of the bourgeoisie of the ruling class。At the same time，He also borrowed Grandis's leadership theory，revealed the new method of developed capitalist countries with "political socialization" (Popular Media、Education and other intermediary channels) to maintain the legitimacy of its own class rule。Last，，Mi Liva clearly put forward the theory of national autonomy。Its theoretical claims，All countries enjoy certain autonomy and independence of all classes (including ruling class)，It's just that this autonomy and independence cannot change the essence of the country, that is, classicity。From the basis of the class bet365 best casino games struggle analysis framework，Mi Ligen elaborated the view that "a national theory is also a theory of social theory and the distribution of power in this society。

　　Research and Rebuilding Political Economics Study Formula

With the rise of neo -liberalism in the late 1970s，"End of Class" becomes the main theoretical theory of this period。Whether it is analyzing Marxism ’s class viewing attempts to surpass the classic Marxist class analysis method，Or the post -Marxist class view of class politics is completely eliminated，The theoretical trend is a kind of analysis discourse with obvious "de -class" marking。It is accompanied by the "decline" of the traditional working class under the context of the era of global capitalism and the new technological revolution.、The middle class and social composition occur from issues such as。

But，Enter the 21st century，British Marxism pointed out，The capitalist crisis is essentially a new liberal economic policy and its politics、A complete set of policies and discourse systems implemented at the cultural level。Then，They emphasize to recover and persist in the criticism of Marx's capitalism，Especially highlights the importance of Marxist political economics for class theoretical research。They also emphasized the dimension of returning to political economy，​​Contemporary interpretation of re -restore the theory of labor value。such as Alex Callinicos (Alex Callinicos) in "Decodic Capital: Marx's" Capital Theory "and its destiny" with the theory of labor value，Reading the accumulation of capital accumulation rooted from the capitalist's exploitation of the remaining value、Display the fundamental contradictions of the bourgeoisie and bet365 best casino games the working class and the cause of the inherent crisis of the capitalist society。One aspect，The analysis and research that he attaches importance，and class concept as a collective force，To demonstrate the status of revolutionary subjects in the working class in the capitalist country in the capitalist country。On the other hand，His emphasized contemporary interpretation of the working class lies in it has the most direct relationship with the capitalist production method，And as a capitalist employee has a real economy、Political and social role。From this，He proposed that changes in the social structure must be placed in the context of the "social -economic class" conflict to inspect。

In terms of theoretical purpose，Political Economics Research Opposition to Market Universal Theory，Opposition of Consumerism Logic，Proposal that the ruling class aims to transform the social -economic environment。Visible，The research paradigm of critical criteria of returning to political economics has become the main trend of class theoretical research in the 21st century。This research paradigm emphasizes，Even if capital logic develops with the development of the times，The form is different，As a result, the needs of social practice are different，Power relationships between class will also change with this，But the nature of capital chasing proliferation is not the same。So，Marx understands the way of modern capitalist society with class struggle，It is still valid today。

Three conversions of British Marxist class theoretical research paradigm，Explain the unique understanding of British Marxists for historical materialism。The historical materialism they understand is not an abstract formula，Instead, it takes modern socialist Bet365 app download movements as its own content and foundation。

　　(Author Unit: Marxist theory of Marxism College of Sun Yat -sen University、History and Reality Research Center)