The philosophical reflection of digital production of capitalism
September 07, 2023 09:48 Source: "China Social Sciences" September 7, 2023 Issue 2730 Author: Li Xian

Digitalization era is also described as the era of platform capitalism and digital capitalism,Digital platforms and digital capitals become "Light of Puzhao" in the digital era。"Light" is also a metaphor for philosophy,Just as Crari pointed out in "Observer's Technology",People use optical effects to construct the main dark box since modern times。Digital platform is a new dark box,On the one hand,It seems to be visualized as "the light of general photos",But on the other hand,The algorithm mechanism behind it is irresistible。When we place the focus in the "dark box",Obviously ignoring the objective existence of "outside the dark box",Especially in the context of artificial intelligence generation content (AIGC),The full emphasis on the intelligent platform has exacerbated the forgottenness of the status of digital production and elimination.。From the basic perspective of Marx's labor value theory,Digital production and eliminates generating data is the key kernel for digital production and elimination capitalism to rise。

"Prosume" is not a new concept,Toffler proposed this concept in the 1980s。He believes that the second industrial revolution has caused a historic separation of production and consumption,and the third industrial revolution will submerge this separation,Consumers will be transformed into a cooker,Start in -depth intervention in the production process and implement some production functions。On the basis of this, Rizer proposed the concept of production and elimination of capitalism and intelligent production.,Fox takes social platforms as an example,In -depth analysis of the important role of digital production and elimination data for the development of digital production and elimination capitalism。General view,Digital production and elimination capitalism as a new form of capitalism,presents "overall novelty",But only from data products、Bet365 lotto review Digital rent and other political economics perspectives to reflect on digital production and consumption capitalism is not enough,It is necessary to further analyze the changes in the survival theory of digital production and eliminates from a more basic philosophical level。

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Marx distinguished two kinds of consumption of industrial capitalism,One is productive consumption,The production process of capitalism is also the consumption process for production materials and labor,Its production and consumption is the same,This is the prototype of the concept of the "producer"; the other is personal consumption,It means the end of the entire production circulation process,But a fundamental change in the digital era is,Individual consumption process in various digital platforms is producing various data at the same time。In digital consumption,The platform mainly plays an intermediary function,The platform builds the data generated by the user into a database,Build a recommended model with this,Sell the recommendation model to (rental) advertising company to collect rent,Advertising companies can also improve the efficiency and accuracy of advertising according to the data model,Then save costs,Digital production and eliminations (user)、Platform and advertising company constitute three basic elements of digital production and elimination of capitalism。Niglor Pen Di imagined people’s bittization survival methods in the 20th century,But he did not imagine that the human bit -based survival method would become an object that the capitalist development must be captured,Compared to traditional industrial capitalism and financial capitalism,Digital production and consumption capitalism is more "understand" its "audience",Its kernel lies in digital portraits and precise recommendations。

In the discussion of contemporary digital capitalism,Many scholars believe that the advantage of the Internet platform is that it has a relatively complete grasp of the digital image of its users。But this grasp actually includes two levels,First is the grasp of "self" at the rational level,bet365 live casino games This is the focus of the current academic discussion; the second is the grasp of "self" and "desire" at the irrational level,This level constitutes a weak link that currently explores digital capitalism。In traditional personal consumption,Consumption means the satisfaction and end of desire,But in the perspective of psychoanalysis,"Sentel" and "Desire" just have the potential to escape and resist。Freud compares "me" to a horse,This horse is often controlled by "self",But Deller and Gatari attach great importance to the nomadic status of "ego" and "desire",I believe that this is an important means to resist various "devices" of capitalism,The day of desire never end,Only constantly escape and generate。But Deller's nomadic thoughts have changed in the digital era,On the one hand,Desire is still in the continuous generation process,and often exceed the control of "self"; but on the other hand,The desire is transformed into the third holding of visualization through the digital interface。

The third holding is Stegler's original concept,refers to human technical organs and prosthetic limbs,"Data" is a new technical organ and holding method。"Data" is a new technical organ and holding method,In fact, I did not realize the important role of the digital platform,The important role of the digital platform is to convert the incompetent "ego" and "desire" into general data and visualized third holding,This is reflected in a variety of recommendations and databases。The rapid development of digital production and elimination capitalism not only achieves the grasp of users "think",It also realized the grasp of the user's "desire",Only "whatever you want" that fully identifies and stimulates the non -rational level,can stimulate all kinds of crazy consumption。But we see,Dellez's sense of "self" and "desire" are still in the nomadic state in the digital era,And the establishment of the data model and database on it cannot be completely static,but a data stream。Only flowing data has the exchange value,Therefore, we also define the user and the data generated by it as a nomadic third holding relationship,The user’s "whatever desire" is still nomadic,But it is no longer caught,To some bet365 best casino games extent, there is no possibility of resistance。

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Stigler understands technology as a human organ,This is consistent with Marx's point of view,Marx understands a variety of automatic machines as "human brain organs" in "Political Economics Criticism (1857-1858 Manuscript)" (hereinafter referred to as "Outline") (hereinafter referred to as "Outline").。An important trend of Marx's believe that capitalist development is the continuous improvement of capital organic composition,On the one hand,The proportion of constant capital and fixed capital will become higher and higher。On the other hand,More and more employment workers are excluded by automatic machine,Become an industrial reserve army,less and less variable capital。Marx rarely uses the English expression of "General Intellect" in the Outline,Chinese is usually translated as "general intelligence","Development of fixed capital,General Social Knowledge,To what extent it has become a direct productivity,So the condition of the social life process itself is controlled by general intelligence and is transformed according to this intelligence "。But we noticed,Another translation in the Outline is "this automatic machine is composed of many organs and Intellectuellen"。From the logic of Marx's discussion,We advocate translate "General Intellect" into "General Smart" or "General Smart",Because of Marx's exposition, the focus of the so -called "intellectual labor" and "intangible labor",and the development of objectized fixed capital。The level of automation and intelligence of fixed capital will become higher and higher,Social life and social production will be subject to this "control of smart machines",Workers will no longer be the subject,Intelligent machines become new "main body"。

The translation of "general intelligence" or "general intelligence" has important contemporary significance,Especially in the context of artificial intelligence generation content and data。3971_3995,General consumers are difficult to contact these large smart machines,Therefore, its "general" and "generality" Bet365 app download are not obvious。but enter the digital era,Microscopy with the intelligent machine interface,Almost all consumers can easily access the intelligent environment,Smartphones and various wearable devices are typical examples。In the traditional industrial capitalist and financial capitalist stage,Individual consumption is not fully data,Consumers have not implemented more production functions,But consumers in the digital era are all digital production and consumers,Not only consumption of various products and services,It is also producing various data,Especially when General Smart invaded all aspects of our daily life with an indiscriminate situation,Our daily life has been completely data and commodity。

Research on the fixed capital of Marx shows,The entire society will become more and more intelligent,More and more workers will leave from the original employment relationship,Become an industrial reserve army,The era of digitalization just confirms this assertion。The original fixed employment relationship will gradually allow the zero -worker relationship that is more "flexible",But from the perspective of the development logic of digital production and elimination of capitalism,Advances of General Smart Technology will be "exclusive income" for workers,This is a concept when A -Gump was discussed in the "exception" state,But it can be better used to reveal the change of survival theory of digital production and eliminates。On the one hand,With the large -scale popularization of general intelligence,More employees will be "excluded" by intelligent machines,"Precariat"。On the other hand,Intelligent machines re -"incorporate" these free workers in a data -based manner,An important means of becoming a digital production and elimination capitalist acquisition of proliferation。

 Removement

When our daily life is surrounded by various smart devices,Our world has gradually become smooth,There will be no more thorns。Kant set the existence of unknown free things,It keeps its own independence,This independence is in Sat's view,is the condition Bet365 app download that allows self -existence to fall into nothing。Contemporary new materialism is to try to "return" that is elusive、Extraordinary things that have nothing to do with people,The concept of "non -material" proposed by Han Bingzhe also tries to break free from the materialization concept of Lucari,Where the stabbing point of reflection of the ecstasy。Han Bingzhe proposed a clever metaphor,In the traditional animation "Cat and Mouse",Cats and mice seem to be the protagonist (subject),But in their random fun,All kinds of free things will be beyond expectations、Unpredictable way acts on them,The sudden collapse of the cabinet、The explosion is everywhere。These sudden things are free things,It is the piercing point of our real life,It is an objective existence that our subject cannot devour。But Han Bingzhe did not point out another layer of meaning,That is, cats and mice are always immortal,It is always unable to be completely eliminated by things,This is the characteristic of the subjective philosophy since modern times。

In the early concept of Wittgenstein,The meaning of the language also comes from its index object,Freedom still has its independent meaning。But in the later development,The meaning of the language gradually breaks away from its referral object,Become an independent capable chain,The independence of the freedom is no longer important,The truth transformation of the world into analysis of language structure,This steering can also be analogy -based data -based survival method。Before the popularity of smart devices,External objects and freedom still have strong independence,It is the thorn point of our real life,We have a certain distance from them。But when various smart devices are popular,All the free things are transformed into smooth data,Just like language philosophy, the object is the object,The whole world has become logical、Language、Data and "For Me",We removed the original freedom,Formed removal。

The essence of removing materialization is actually removing people,Not only the removal of others,It is also the removal of the human itself。Today'Bet365 lotto review s all kinds of intelligent devices spread throughout today,No longer strange others,Because other other is no longer a thorn point for me,For example, in the interface of social media,No "Brick Book Kee",Only a little like,Only all kinds of catering and flattering,The spinning point of the other has been replaced by the black function,All we see in social media are all what we want to see。We are no longer a direct face with all kinds of things,Instead, the intermediary of the screen and fingers,No more distance,It is no longer a sense of mystery and lofty feeling,The thorns of the free things have been replaced by smooth screens and data,We are gradually becoming a floating matter in the digital era。

 (Author is an associate professor of Marxist College of Electronic Science and Technology)

Editor in charge: Zhang Jing
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