Since the outbreak of the financial turmoil in 2008，The World Situation Waves Cloud Black，"Occupy Wall Street" Movement、A series of events such as the French "Yellow Vest Movement" exposed the inherent disadvantages of the Western capitalist system。Eucho A -Ganben、Alan Budio、Slavo -Qizerki represented by Western left -wing scholars focusing on the systematic injustice and structural contradictions of the capitalist society，Re -ignite the enthusiasm for research on communism -related issues，In the new historical context, explain the contemporary value and realization of communism with a new theoretical perspective，Looking for a new political subject，A alternative to exploring capitalism。"Ghost of Communism" still wandering over Europe，Stimulated countless people to fight unremitting struggle to achieve their own liberation。

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Since the 1990s，Su Dong's drama changes leading to frustration in the international communist movement。Fukuyama's "Historical End Conclusion" was once loud，Western left wing is deeply helpless、Confusion and depression。In 2008, the financial crisis that swept the global financial crisis fully revealed the inherent disadvantages of the Western development model，"Occupy Wall Street" and other large -scale social movements have a violent impact on the legality of the capitalist political and economic system。More and more people of insight realize，The nature of the capital of capital determines that capitalism cannot fundamentally overcome its own internal crisis，Capitalism is sliding towards the common barbaric、Abnormal and unequal abyss。The gap between the rich and the poor and the polarization、racial discrimination and oppression、Worsening ecological environment、Real problems such as intensified climate change and the extreme natural disasters it triggered，Bet365 app download reflect the dilemma brought by the capitalist system to human society development，Including the unsustainable accumulation of deprivation、Self -regulating means gradually failure、Anti -ecological nature and the so -called capitalist spirit's "universal" halo became more and more fading。More ordinary people wake up from the dream of freedom and democracy of capitalism，Take positive action，protest in the form of street politics，and advocate the revolutionary world of survival in a revolutionary way。

Western left -wing scholars keenly aware of the possibility and reality of communism in the current capitalist crisis，In -depth discussions on communism -related issues，The philosophical meaning of understanding the concept of communism。"Communist concept" conference in 2009 in London、2010 in Berlin、2011 in New York、held in Seoul in 2013，Cause strong attention and response。Contemporary Western left wing re -conceived the communist plan on the basis of critical capitalism，Introduction of "new communism" theory of "new communism"。Askin's proposal，Communist society is a "political community" based on "life"。Where is Budio，Communism itself is "synonymous on the concept of liberating political fields or the concept of revolutionary political field"，pointing to a "eternal" concept and "non -variable"。"Communist assumptions" means to resist the concepts of various power politics and inequality with the principle of pure equality，Build a collective lifestyle different from capitalism。Qi Zeke emphasized，Communism is the concept of radical philosophy and radical politics，Is the theoretical premise of radical operations。It is not enough to maintain loyalty to the concept of communism，It must also be combined with the political experience of the 21st century，Gives realistic urgency in historical reality。

Although these scholars' claims about "new communism" have theoretical differences，But they have great passion for communism，Agree and affirm the practical significance of communism，I believe that the practice of communism has experienced frustration bet365 live casino games and bumps，But the concept of communism itself still has vitality，It will not lose the internal progress and feasibility due to changes in the external situation，Able to compete with the global capitalist system。According to Jydy Dian，Although communism suffers liberals、Slandering and slander of conservatives and eater capitalists，But the cognitive field of new communism has not disappeared，Still guiding people。A new communist trend is gradually forming，Advanced people should have the courage to bid farewell to the left depression，Make communism on the horizon of history。In other words，Western left -wing scholars no longer have to show their own demands in a cultural and artistic way，Instead, facing the political status and economic requirements in the new struggle。

　　Looking for a new political subject

Under the background of the era of information network technology and intangible labor，Contemporary Western left -wing scholars tend to claim a diverse politics when shaping Western political subjects，Sameness of the logic of capital logic with the heterogeneity of the subject。For example, the "remaining people" identified by A -Gumpin，That is, the "living dead" (including the poor、Those who have no rights, etc.)。Their lives are abandoned，It is excluded outside the space that should be protected，Various "high power" (command、contraindications, etc.) and "exceptional status" (political disorder、Legal is suspended, etc.) Value value。Budou emphasized，In the face of contemporary capitalism, the historical stage of continuous adjustment and improvement of contemporary capitalism，The number and scope of the subject should be expanded as much as possible，Breakthrough class、Nations and gender boundaries，The maximum number of conventions of the resistance of resistance。Zizek thinks，The main body of resistance to capitalism today is those who are "rejected"，Including disadvantaged groups、Immigration、Poor people, etc.。Capitalism for "common resources" (language and communication、Intellectual property、Natural Resources and Management Forms, etc.), the unstoppable circle bet365 best casino games occupied by people as the main body into an abstract subject that cannot participate and share social relations，The rich social relationship of a person is also pulled away，Leading the existence of human beings to generally "proof"。Langsier uses "division of non -division" as the revolutionary subject of liberation politics。Both the poor and the modern proletarians belong to the "no division"，That is, the underlying level of the unknown and unlimited general public (including those without nationality、refugees、Wanderer, etc.)。Although they are in the class "divided mother"，In fact, it is in a stateless state，Not calculated within the community，Do not have the right to participate in political affairs。Liberation politics is to enable the "division of no division" to be seen、Understand and confirm。Negri and Hart under the conditions of knowledge，Judgment based on "capitalism is changing to the empire"，It is believed that "the people" is the main body of resistance and subverting the empire。"Zhuzhong" points to the exploitation of the empire、The liquid people who live without the house，The prominent feature is "Duo"，It consists of various forms of social production，is a collection of social differences。

Other scholars Ruyi Dian proposed，Under the condition of capitalism，The main body of communism is "the remaining people"，That is, "People who are capitalist proletariat，Sweeping for the enjoyment of very wealthy people、Squeezing and recruiting practical activities and interactive activities "。Including、Unemployment、People who have not fully employed。Eric Wright pays more attention to the generation logic of collective actors，From Wright's view，The actor is based on recognition、Interest and value triple factors。Of course，Actionmen also face the privatization of the world of life、Fragmentation of class structure、The three major challenges of the diversification of the source of the source。But equal/fair、Democratic/Freedom、Community/Unity of the three sets of core values ​​can connect the general Bet365 lotto review public，Weaken capitalism in the design of the specific system。John Bellami Foster proposed the concept of "environmental proletarian" from the perspective of ecological Marxism，This concept points to "Broadly、Unified Alliance of Ecological Degeration and Social Exploitation Labor "，This is the mission of leading the ecological revolution under the current situation of disaster capitalism.。Isabel Garro emphasized，Communism is not an abstract concept，but a strategic question。Her reshape communist politics centered on labor，Follow the goals of winning the power of the working class and realizing the control of the workers' production methods。

Contemporary Western left -wing scholars realize，In the post -industry era，The entire society of the West moves to a "universal alienation" state，Labor suffers from the "overall absorption" of capitalism，Social class composition is more complicated and diverse，The proletarian has a more differentiated connotation and identity。Overall，"New proletarians" or new political subjects have three prominent characteristics: abandoning the radicalness of compromise tendency; the collection of universal "rejection"; with common value identity or community consciousness。Western left -wing scholars hope to be in the new historical "player in the play" and "player"，Western capitalist society with a sick state，Open the new picture of communism。

　　Fighting Strategy

Western left -wing scholars actively advocate social movement，Based on the actual situation，Forms of Innovation Struggle。Just as the emphasis on Bruno Bostell，Communism is not a concept or assumption that produces in a purely speculative game，but actual exercise。Specifically，Budio thinks，Feature attributes that need to surpass identity，Organize small -scale local political experiments。Qi Zeke agrees with the spirit of Lenin's dare to formulate a revolutionary strategy，Emphasis on the power of political action。Nigri and Hart emphasized in the form of more democratic network organizations，Realize the resistance and struggle of the "people"，When the capital possession gradually reaches the bet365 Play online games peak，Organize the mass movement to strive for possession of common property。It is worth noting that，Although most left -wing scholars recognize the importance of the organization，But often ignores the form of political parties。For example, scholars such as Badio and Zizek are opposed to the form of political parties。Budio thinks，The traditional form of political parties is not applicable to the country where Marx and Engels envisioned by the proletariat。Qi Zeke pointed out，The left -like struggle based on the form of a political party has sectarian colors。

Different from Budou and Zizek，Yudi Dian's necessity of highlighting political parties，In her opinion，Only Pioneer Party has the ability to formulate strategies from the perspective of revolution、Plan and arrangement。"Under digital capitalism，Individual resistance、Resistance、Cultural production and opinion expression，No matter how inspiring people，They are easily digested by the cycle content of the global media network。These resistance cannot spread，Can't last long。"" That is to say，"Atomic" proletarian is difficult to resist the devouring of capital logic。Only a political party (an advanced party composed of a proletarian) can convert the commitment to justice into an organized political struggle。other，Yudi Dian also emphasized the meaning of political belonging，The way to realize the sense of belonging is through the image of comrades (Comrade)。The term "comrade" shows a kind of equalist vision，"The term of the comrade marks a political relationship，It is a series of expectations that take action for the common goal。It highlights the common point of the people standing in the same camp -aside the differences，Concentric Gathering Power "。Barbar believes，Under the historical conditions where capitalism is still surviving，We need Communists，It should be Communists than ever before。

Overall，Most contemporary Western left -wing scholars' theoretical ideas on "new communism" are limited to philosophical interpretation，With obvious metaphysical school color，Survival in Utopia，Unable to propose Bet365 lotto review a specific action strategy。More emphasis on subjective will rather than objective necessity，Ignoring the basic role of material factors，To varying degrees, the theory of Marx's proletarian revolution was eliminated。Ignoring the historical view of materialism、Internal relationship between socialism and communism，Treatment back to political economy criticism，Falling into a non -historical、Avil Anti -ideas。Despite this，Western left -wing scholars re -activated the innovative efforts of communist discourse，New features of our comprehensive understanding and insight into capitalism、rule of resistance to capital logic、The global vision of expanding communism provides new wisdom，With important ideological inspiration meaning。

　(The author is the post -doctoral of the Marxist College of East China University of Political Science and Law)