Mencius and his educational thoughts are important objects of research on the history of ancient Chinese thought and bet365 coupon code。Previous academic research on Mencius’ educational thoughts，The purpose of Mencius’ bet365 coupon code、Principle、Method、Theoretical basis、There are many inner principles and logics、A more in-depth discussion，Formed a clear and profound understanding。But there is little distinction between the educational objects involved in Mencius’ educational thought，It has not been examined in the context of Mencius’ ideological system，This article attempts to re-examine Mencius’ educational thoughts from the perspective of the separation of the four peoples。

　　Mencius’s View of the Four bet365 coupon code

The idea of ​​separation of industries among the four bet365 coupon code is an important reform measure implemented by Guan Zhong when he assisted Duke Huan of Qi。The four bet365 coupon code are scholars、Farm、work、Businessman，Four bet365 coupon code’s professional guides、Farm、work、Businessmen are engaged in different jobs，Living together in different places，The purpose is to improve the concentration and productivity of social members in this way，To achieve the goal of enriching the country and strengthening the army。This model is called the freer development model of “scholars, farmers, industry and commerce” by scholars，Compared to Qin’s model of civilian farming and warfare。This model not only helped Duke Huan of Qi dominate the Central Plains，It also established the basic model of Kanto society。Mencius grew up in the hometown of Zou Lu，Go to Qi twice in a lifetime，And hopes to realize his benevolent political ideas in Qi State，Therefore, I have special feelings for Qi Guo。The social model of four bet365 coupon code and separate industries is the basis for Mencius’ thinking on political and social issues。

Mencius once explained the beautiful vision of the royal government to King Xuan of Qi，“Respect the worthy and empower the capable，The hero is here，Everyone in the world will be happy，I am willing to stand in his court；City，Simplified but not levy，Dharma but not shame，All businessmen in the world will be happy，I would rather hide it in his city；Close，ridicule but not conquer，The journey all over the world will be enjoyable，But I am willing to follow my own path；Tiller，Help without taxing，All farmers in the world will be happy，I am willing to till the fields” ("Mencius Gongsun Chou"，Only note the title of the article below)。Men of the world、Business in the world (including industry)、Farmers all over the world play an important role in the royal society，Assume different social functions，Like bet365 coupon code pillars，Work together to support the building of the royal society。The function of scholars is to assist the monarch in governing the world，Lead the world with your own virtue；The function of farmers is to cultivate the land，Provide tax revenue for the country，To provide salary for hundreds of officials、Expenses for the construction of national city palaces and ancestral temple rituals；The function of workers is to provide various utensils and utensils to society；The function of merchants is to facilitate the exchange of goods，Improve social efficiency。

士、Farm、work、Businesses are indispensable in society，Based on the characteristics of their labor and their role in society，Can be divided into two major groups-gentlemen and ordinary bet365 coupon code，A gentleman is a gentleman，Ordinary bet365 coupon code are farmers、work、Businessman。The work of a gentleman is mainly engaged in mental work，That is, "the hard worker"，Ordinary bet365 coupon code’s jobs are mainly manual labor，That is, "laborers"；Those who work hard manage society，Is the object of support for laborers；Workers are the objects to be managed，Also the object of service for those who work hard；A gentleman is a great person，Ordinary bet365 coupon code are small bet365 coupon code、Common bet365 coupon code。The reason why there is such a distinction，It is because there is a huge difference between the two groups in spiritual pursuit and moral cultivation。A gentleman takes it as his own duty to pursue the great truth，Remain compassionate、Shame、Resignation、Four Hearts of Right and Wrong，Require yourself with moral qualities such as benevolence, justice, etiquette, and wisdom，Never give in to material interests；Ordinary bet365 coupon code are not like that，They put the satisfaction of material life first，If material interests are not met，will act immorally，Even things that violate laws and disciplines。It is precisely because of this difference，Mencius believed that different education methods need to be implemented。

　　Education and enlightenment: gentlemen and the bet365 coupon code

Education and enlightenment are two different education methods，Education is the combination of education and education，Education is the combination of teaching and transformation。In "Shuowen Jiezi"，The meaning of "teaching" is "what you do above will have an effect on the bottom"；Yu means “raising a son to do good”；Hua means "teaching and doing"，Duan Yucai’s note: “Teaching and practicing is above，It will be transformed into the following。" Annotation quotes Jia Sheng as saying: "It is done as above，The common bet365 coupon code will be transformed into civilians and compiled below"；Note: Lao Tzu said: "I do nothing and the bet365 coupon code transform themselves"。It can be seen from these explanations，The original meaning of yu is to adopt a son，For individuals；Hua Principles are mainly aimed at the bet365 coupon code，For the group。The difference between education and enlightenment is that teaching，That is, they all emphasize what the top does to the bottom；The difference is that education focuses on education，High requirements for individuals，Education is the most important thing，Low requirements for groups。

Mencius’ Thoughts on Education，A distinction has been made between education and upbringing。"A gentleman has three pleasures...to acquire the world's talents and educate them，Three Joys”；"Whatever the husband has done is transformed，God of all things”；“Good governance is not as good as good teaching to win the bet365 coupon code”。("Dedicate Your Heart") to the world's talents，That is, a gentleman or a person who is about to become a gentleman，Mencius used the word "education"；To the general public，Using "teaching" and "hua"；The purpose of both education、request、There is a huge difference in content and methods。

　　For scholars or those who are about to become scholars，The purpose of Mencius’ education is to train him to become a social manager and a moral leader and educator。He said, "A gentleman's ambition is to follow the Tao，Unorganized and unreachable” ("Dedicated to the Heart")。A gentleman must aspire to the Tao，Take saving the world as your own responsibility，Oppose learning for the pursuit of material interests。On educational content，Mencius emphasized maintaining the four hearts、Cultivating the Four Virtues、Nurture the awe-inspiring spirit。The four hearts are compassion、Shame、Resignation、The heart of right and wrong，That is, the kindness of human nature，The four virtues are benevolence, justice, propriety and wisdom，It is the moral expression of the four hearts，Four Hearts and Four Virtues，One body and two sides。"There is no other way to learn，Just asking for peace of mind。"("Gaozi 1") The way of learning is to find the lost kind heart。The aura of awe-inspiringness is a kind of aura of justice。Whether a person possesses these inner qualities、Germany、Qi，It is the place that distinguishes between adults—gentlemen and villains—ordinary bet365 coupon code。In terms of teaching methods，Mencius emphasized putting virtue first，Respect teachers and value education；Advocates teaching students in accordance with their aptitude。In terms of learning methods，Mencius advocates firm goals、Follow the rules；Autonomous and self-satisfied；Reflexive and sincere、Reverse and seek oneself；Step by step、Persistence。

For ordinary bet365 coupon code，Mencius advocated that the bet365 coupon code’s property must be controlled first，Make it healthy and die without regrets；Then educate，The ultimate goal is to make the bet365 coupon code of the world "love each other"，Longer than it is，And the world is at peace" ("Li Lou Shang")。The content of education is the common ethics between bet365 coupon code in daily life，That is, the relationship between father and son with filial piety as the core、The righteousness of monarch and minister、Difference between husband and wife、Order of elders and younger ones、Letter from friends。There are three main methods of education，First，Establish schools for centralized education。Second，The monarch must become one with the bet365 coupon code，Enjoy the common bet365 coupon code，Worrying about the common bet365 coupon code；The bet365 coupon code will naturally enjoy what the monarch enjoys，Worries about the monarch，Follow the monarch，Unify the world。Third，We must give full play to the exemplary role of monarchs and gentlemen，In this case, "the bet365 coupon code are doing good but don't know how to do it" ("Dedicated to the Heart")，Achieving the effect of enlightenment。

　The concept of bet365 coupon code and enlightenment is the glue of Mencius’ ideological system

Mencius’s view of education for gentlemen is greatly different from his view of education for ordinary bet365 coupon code，A gentleman values ​​spirituality over material enjoyment，Ordinary bet365 coupon code put material things first and ethics later；A gentleman is the leader of social morality，Ordinary bet365 coupon code are followers；A gentleman knows what it is and why it is so，Ordinary bet365 coupon code only know what is happening but don’t know why；A gentleman studies hard and cultivates himself，Ordinary bet365 coupon code need to be enlightened。The common purpose of educating and educating the two is to realize a kingly society，It is an indispensable and important part of Mencius’s ideological system of kingly and benevolent government。

Mencius’s thought takes the realization of a kingly society as the ultimate goal，The constituent element is benevolent government、bet365 coupon code’s nature and good nature。The educational philosophy is based on the separation of professions among the four bet365 coupon code，Based on the theoretical basis of human nature and bet365 coupon code-oriented thinking、Classified educational thought with the ultimate goal of realizing a royal society。Based on the separation of industries among the four bet365 coupon code，Society can be divided into two groups: gentlemen and ordinary bet365 coupon code。Based on the goodness of human nature，A gentleman can maintain four hearts、Cultivating the Four Virtues、Nurture the awe-inspiring spirit，Through a longer period of specialized study and cultivation，Reach a higher moral realm，Set a moral role model in society、The role of leading social trends；Ordinary bet365 coupon code because of the kindness in their hearts，Under the guidance and influence of gentlemen，Understand the meaning of filial piety and brotherhood，Thus achieving a stable and orderly state of society in the world。

Based on bet365 coupon code-oriented thinking，Mencius opposes war、Oppose excessive taxation on the bet365 coupon code，Advocates to conquer the world by winning the hearts and minds of the bet365 coupon code。This requires the monarch and the entire ruling class to guide and educate the bet365 coupon code，Use inner moral constraints to achieve the ultimate goal of world governance。So we say，Mencius’s view of education and enlightenment is the glue of his entire ideological system，With this adhesive，民本、Only by good nature and benevolent government can a complete ideological system be formed，Only in a royal society can it be realized。

(Author’s unit: Sports Department of bet365 coupon code Technology；School of Economics, bet365 coupon code Technology)