Comment on a hidden labor exploitation
November 03, 2023 15:09 Source: "China Social Sciences", November 3, 2023, Issue 2765, Issue 2765

After human beings enter the digital age,The production method has undergone profound changes。In some developed capitalist countries,Platform digital production has gradually replaced the industrial production of the era of large industrial era,The main force of becoming wealth creation。related to this is the wrong understanding of some so -called "digital production is no longer exploitation"。Digital capitalism is a combination of digital technology and capitalist system,It is a new form of capitalism developed to the digital age。In this form,Digital technology becomes the power source of capital accumulation and capitalist development,Capitalists use big data、Artificial Intelligence、Digital technology monitoring production process such as cloud computing、Market demand and consumer behavior,To achieve radical pursuit of surplus value。But digital capitalism does not eliminate the problem of inequality in the development of capitalism,The development of technology has increased the possibility and seriousness of the hosted workers,The remaining value created by the workers is more possessive by capitalists,Workers are facing new exploitation during the labor process。

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Algorithm regulation of the remaining value production。Marx thinks,The remaining value is the value that workers created in the production process that surpassed their labor value,The remaining value will be possessed by the capitalist for free,This reflects the relationship between the exploitation and exploitation between the capitalists and workers。In traditional industrial production,The generation of surplus value is mainly achieved by exploiting the remaining labor time of workers。In a digital capitalist society,Digital -based algorithms have become new tools for capitalists to control the production of remaining value。The algorithm is a data -based decision -making model,The analysis and mining of big data can achieve bet365 best casino games real -time monitoring and accurate prediction,To deploy resources in the production process。Precision control and regulation of the algorithm,Capitalists can produce and sell products more efficiently,to further increase the generation and acquisition of the remaining value。For example,On the e -commerce platform,The algorithm can be based on consumer historical consumption records and behavior habits,Push personalized product recommendation for consumers,to stimulate its desire to buy,Further increase the sales and profits of capitalists。

Technology -driven labor regeneration。In the traditional economic form,Currency is a symbol of value; in digital capitalist forms,Data becomes a carrier of value,It is considered the most important production factors。Massacre data generated by the capitalist by capturing the unconscious labor of digital users,Understand consumer needs、Market trend and competitive rival manual direction,Transform these digital resources into digital capital。By constructing data -based production relations,Capitalists make strategies and decisions more accurately,Then realize the accumulation of digital capital。other,During the production process of digital capitalism,Labor reproduction of workers becomes a necessary process,Workers need to continuously adapt to new technologies and working methods,Demand meets the digital capitalist economy。This requires more flexible、Efficient education and training mechanism。But,Due to the imbalance of educational resources and the high cost of skill training,Some workers may not be able to keep up with the pace of technological development,Therefore, facing the challenge of re -production of labor。

Automated production and virtualization production supported by the platform。In digital capitalism,Many digital platforms have spawned,They not only provide convenient communication and trading channels,It also realizes the close connection between the production process and the consumption process。The application of automation technology has further bet365 live casino games improved production efficiency,Make the production process more standardized and precise。But,The automated production method supported by the platform brings a series of problems,If a large amount of labor risk of unemployment、The changes in skill requirements and the sense of deprivation of workers in the production process。other,With the development of digital technology,Many traditional physical products and services have shifted to virtual form。Virtual products、Digital content、Online consultation, etc. become the main content of the digital capitalist economy,This virtualization emphasizes the value of information and knowledge,But the rapid advancement of virtualized production has gradually weakened the entity of labor,Workers often communicate and collaborate in virtual spaces,This exacerbates the alienation of the labor process and virtual sensation。

  Labor exploitation controlled by algorithm control

Algorithm control labor needs。The application of the algorithm enables capitalists to flexibly deploy labor resources in the production process,Temporary employment arrangements according to needs,The stability of the capitalist's demand for workers is significantly reduced,It is very easy to appear in the labor market that is more than the condition that is greater than seeking。In this case,Labor's bargaining ability has greatly reduced,It is difficult to get higher wages、Better working conditions、More stable work guarantee and social welfare。other,Many traditional labor labor is replaced by automation and intelligence,Make a large amount of labor excessive,So as to give birth to a large -scale zero -industrial economy。In the zero worker economy,Workers often engage in various short -term items or tasks as freelance or part -time workers,It is difficult to enjoy the legitimate labor rights owned by traditional workers。

Algorithm determines the form of labor。The widespread application of algorithms makes the labor process more standardized and mechanized。The work of the workers is subdivided into multiple links,The task of its execution is more like the instruction of the algorithm preset,bet365 best casino games Workers are no longer the leader of the production process,Instead, the executor of the algorithm。Along with it,Capitalists Track the working status and output of the workers through digitalized means,Master the data of each production link,to achieve high management and monitoring of the labor process,Pressure to workers more accurately,to further increase the generation of surplus value。other,In the production process of digital capitalism,The algorithm is presented and monitored according to personal data,Evaluate the work of the workers,So as to perform performance assessment and incentive measures,This further promotes the exploitation behavior。The evaluation method dominated by this algorithm has led to the loss of subjectivity at work、Autonomy and creativity,Workers are no longer the subject with independent thinking and decision -making ability,Instead, passively accepts instructions and tasks specified in the algorithm,This causes people to survive the dilemma to a certain extent。

Algorithms give birth to digital exploitation。Marx pointed out,"The direct purpose and real product of capitalist production are the surplus value,Therefore, only labor that directly produces the remaining value is production labor ... Only labor that consumes for the proliferation of capital in the production process is production labor "。In the era of digital capitalism,Personal data is widely collected、Analysis,Used for business decisions、Advertising positioning, etc.,Data providers actually produced the remaining value。But,Workers often cannot fully understand the value of their personal data,Lack of control of this value use and sharing。In other words,Workers provide a lot of data for digital platforms,Help the platform optimize operations and products,But rarely share the value and economic income created by these data。other,Digital capitalism has increased the complexity of the contradiction between labor and capital,Except the material level exploitation,Capitalists have also gained the dominant power of data and technology.,Deepen the inequality bet365 Play online games between workers and capitalists,thus causing a new legitimacy crisis。It is difficult for workers to accurately evaluate the value of the data they provide,It is difficult to track and prove the actual occurrence of digital exploitation,This makes it difficult for digital exploitation to be effectively regulated and stopped at the level of law and ethics,This causes social dissatisfaction and contradictions。

  Cruel nature of digital capitalist exploitation

labor pressure and workers' health deteriorate。Under digital capitalism,To maximize the competitiveness and profit of capitalists,It is easier to use digital technology to force workers to face longer working hours、Working conditions for overtime and unstable employment,Continuous increase in labor pressure。The development of digital technology also makes the boundary between work and life blur,Workers may face all -weather work pressure,Can't get effective rest and relax,Affects physical and mental health。other,People are generally in an environment of information flood,Keep receiving and processing massive information,Long -term labor pressure and high -intensity working load may cause problems in the body and mental health of workers。Overall,Elasticity in digital capitalist society、Data -driven high work requirements、Social isolation caused by virtual work、High competition and work instability and long -term screen exposure,All will cause the psychological and physical health of the workers to be seriously affected。

Social inequality and the division of the rich and the poor intensify。Digital capitalism uses the rapid development of information technology,greatly improved productivity and labor productivity。But,This improvement of productivity has not brought about the general improvement of all workers' well -being。On the contrary,Because capital is more likely to concentrate and accumulate under digital capitalism,A few capitalists and large enterprises have more capital and resources and obtain more benefits,and the vast majority of workers and disadvantaged groups fall into poverty and unstable economic state,Still in a relatively weak position,Digital bet365 live casino games capitalism is even exacerbating global inequality。other,The development of digital capitalism has also accelerated the phenomenon of finance,Capital gradually breaks away from the real economy,Turn to financial investment and financial markets,Pursue higher capital profits。This trend has led a small number of capitalists and financial institutions to obtain more wealth,while poor people and low -income workers are facing greater economic pressure,Long this time,will cause social confrontation、Deepen the contradiction between labor and capital。

Given of things and the essence of human be alienated。Digital Capitalism,The development and popularization of technology、Materialism values、The influence of digital social media and the automation trend of production,All have a profound impact on the subjectivity and autonomy of people,The problem of dominance to people cannot be ignored。Specifically,In the production process of digital capitalism,High application and automation of digital technology bet365 live casino games improved production efficiency,But also leads to workers who are often just a link on the production line,It is regarded as production tools and resources,instead of a really meaningful individual。Workers complete the task of repetitive and standardized during the labor process,Lack of control and creativity of the entire production process,Formed the dominance of people and alienation of labor。Marxism emphasizes that labor is a manifestation of human nature,However, digital capitalism deepen the separation of people and its own essence,Further leading to the essence of human nature。At the same time,Precise capture of advertising and marketing in digital capitalism makes people face huge consumption pressure,Pursuit of material and enjoyment becomes a mainstream,People may be lost in the consumer's mud,Constantly pursuing illusory material satisfaction,and ignore the real needs and value of the heart。

In short,The rise of digital capitalism brings profound changes in production methods and labor relations,The algorithm plays an important role in it。But,The comprehensive control of the algorithm forms a serious labor exploitation,We have to be vigilant about the development of digital technology,bet365 Play online games Especially in terms of labor relations and social rights。Although digital technology can bring huge improvement to productivity and efficiency,But its application may also cause workers to face longer working hours、Unstable employment conditions and increase in labor pressure。Therefore,We need to be in the development of digitalization,Make sure the workers maintain their creativity and dominance,Avoid becoming an executor specified by the algorithm,Pay attention to human dignity and rights as workers,Ensure that the workers' rights and well -being are fully guaranteed。

  (The author is a researcher at the Socialist Research Center of Zhejiang University with Chinese characteristics)

Editor in charge: Zhang Jing
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