European philosophy and analytical philosophy formed the two major camps of contemporary philosophy。There are two attitudes to this: one，Do not come to each other on both sides，Do each study each; two，Carrying out thoughts and theoretical confrontations，Long -term tonic，Jointly promote the development of philosophy，This is argument and integration。I support the attitude after support。But how to carry out arguments、Reached fusion，But there are some problems to discuss。

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Analysis of philosophy was born in the late 19th century and early 20th century，Created by Freder，Later via Russell、Development of Vitgustein and others，and enhancement of schools such as logic empiricalism，Occupied the dominant position in philosophy，Especially in the British and American philosophy, today is still the mainstream of philosophy。

What is different understanding or views about what is analytical philosophy calendar，No consensus has been reached so far。You can consider the following views: any philosophy has problems or areas、Viewpoint、Theoretical and Methods these dimensions。People can naming some philosophy according to the problem or field，Language philosophy、Mathematics Philosophy、Philosophy of mind，You can also name it according to the perspective and the corresponding theory，Usually also known as "ism "，such as materialism philosophy、idealism philosophy, etc.。From this perspective，Analysis of philosophy is just a philosophy characterized by methods。The method here is the method of analysis。Under this method，You can study language philosophy，You can also study spiritual philosophy、Mathematics philosophy, etc.; Can refuse to go to school，Profile to empiricalism，You can also accept metaphysics，Profile Real theory。A period of research (such as language philosophy) or a certain doctrine (such as logical empirical)，The main position of the analysis philosophy will be occupied，But this does not mean that analysis philosophy is language philosophy or logical empirical philosophy。Put it at a larger time span，Analysis of the mainstream views and hotspots of bet365 Play online games philosophy changes，Unchanged method。So analytical philosophy should be a type of philosophy that aggregates due to methods。In other words，No matter what research、What is the point of view，As long as the analysis method is used to study philosophy，Analysis of philosophy。In the understanding of various analytical philosophy，The author is more willing to accept this view，This is also the starting point for continuing discussion。So，What is "Analysis Method"，The key to becoming understanding and analysis philosophy。

Look at it from generation to see，Analysis of philosophy initially starting in Free's analysis of language，For example, Freder's language analysis studies shown in several papers such as "On the Meaning and Indications" (1892)。Freder created a new research paradigm in these studies，This is the theory and method based on mathematical logic，To solve the problems he faced by clarifying the concept and demonstration。Look at this point，The essence behind the so -called "language analysis" is based on logical concept clarification and argument。These two parts are also called concept analysis and logical analysis。Due to these "analysis"，The philosophy that began this as the beginning is logically called "Analysis Philosophy"。In fact, whether conceptual analysis or logical analysis，All need to be carried out by demonstration，So the core behind these analysis is argument。Therefore, the following argument、The relationship between logic and philosophy makes some explanations。

　　Research, logic and philosophy

Research is a common way of reasoning。The argument is subject、argument and demonstration method composition。The topic is the proposition that explains its authenticity。The argument is a proposition used to explain the authenticity of the topic。The method of argument is the reasoning method。Use inferences to compare，The topic is equivalent to conclusions，The argument is equivalent to the premise。Different from reasoning，The premise and conclusion of the demonstration requirements are true propositions。Therefore, what is a demonstration can be summarized in one sentence: the argument is a way of reasoning the authenticity of the authenticity of the argument。

To this step，can be seen，The key here is "Launched"。How to ensure that this launch is correct，This bet365 Play online games involves logic。Not all launch (reasoning) is correct，People often have errors in this area。The role of logic is，Just follow the logic rules or rules，can ensure that the true conclusion is obtained from the premise。This situation is also known as "Baozhen"。So，To demonstrate correctly，You must follow the logic，or "Logic Logic"。

Philosophy to establish theory by demonstration，The demonstration should talk about logic，This makes logic occupy an important position in philosophy。How important is there，Mr. Jin Yuelin said, "If philosophy is mainly related to demonstration, So logic is the essence of philosophy。"But，From the perspective of demonstration，I think this view may be too stronger。It takes two conditions to get the correct demonstration，Real arguments and true launch。Logic is guaranteed only the latter part。The authenticity of the argument is not a logical problem。Out of this consideration，The author is more willing to regard logic as the basis of philosophy。Look at it vividly，logic is a platform。On this platform，Researchers in philosophy can build the corresponding building (theory) by introducing various materials (philosophical propositions) and the processing (demonstration) of them。

If you consider philosophical controversy，This platform can also be analogy to the field、Portrait，Different players race on this field，To save the truth，Promoting the development of philosophy。On the field of philosophy，Under the goal of truth，Not a few wins really wins。On the contrary，Once a theory is on the stage，It may always be questioned、The situation of being attacked。It's like Plato's concept，For more than 2,000 years，I have not stopped criticizing it today。Someone will always criticize，This may be the luck of the philosopher。

　　European Philosophy: Analysis of philosophy opposite to philosophy

From the name of the name，European philosophy is the philosophy named after regional characteristics。From the content of the content，European philosophy includes it in Germany、Philosophy of European countries such as France，such as phenomenology、Philosophy of existentialism、Explanation、structuralism、Postmodernism、Western Marxism, etc.。Most of these philosophy are in the field、Viewpoint、Theoretical characteristics to name。bet365 live casino games Comparison of comparison，Analysis of philosophy is philosophy named after methods。As the two major camps of contemporary philosophy，European philosophy and analytical philosophy are not commensurate in their names。It is said that "European Philosophy" is a collective referred to as analyzing philosophy "given to" (can also be understood as "imposed")。From the perspective of analytical philosophy，They are different of their own alternative philosophy。Look at it vividly，This kind of philosophy is the "that family" opposite to philosophy。Also in this sense，Here is the European Philosophy as an analysis of philosophy "the philosophy opposite"。The philosophy opposite does not mean conflict and opposition，Can be two people，Every family of each family。but but，The name "European Philosophy" is really not appropriate。As a type of philosophy，What are the most important common features of them，Obviously not the region。Because there is also an analytical philosophy in the continental，Even analyzing philosophy itself starts from Germany。Truthfulness，Analysis method also has no regional limit，Of course, philosophers in the continent can use or use analysis methods to study philosophy。This may explain，"European Philosophy" is just the name of the philosophy of analyzing philosophy to this kind of philosophy。Perhaps it is some kind of helplessness，They don’t know how to better call these alternative philosophy。

However, the main role of the name is to complete its index function，It is a bit not appropriate and there is no hindrance，Everyone knows what philosophy do you know。The problem now is，The theme of this discussion is the argument and integration of European philosophy and analytical philosophy，So you need to know，European philosophy and analytical philosophy is the difference，What is the most important difference。

You can consider the following methods to solve this problem。From the perspective of the dimension of the methodology，Philosophy will have some different levels。For example，Early philosophical research can be traced back to the argument of the ancient Greek wisemen。The wise is a group of professional teachers or speakers、Argentist。Wise men speeches or arguments The subject matter is wide，It will also involve philosophical problems。but，The speech of the wise man is to conquer Bet365 lotto review the audience，The argument is to defeat the opponent。So，Sometimes they play tricks for winning，Even flowing in a sophistry。Despite this，Debate is still a kind of reason，So "reasoning" is a bigger concept than "argument"。After the debate is the argument。The part of the reasoning in the argument must be true，This is to talk about logic。For logic，There are formal logic and various informal logic。In terms of formal logic，There are different types of formal logic，Three -paragraph logic of Aristotle，Mathematical Logic，or various modern logic based on mathematical logic。From this, you can get the following sequence:

This sequence is like a tape，It can be used to measure the scale of a certain philosophy in terms of method，or "Phantom Terminal Rule"。If you use this ruler to analyze the philosophy，Its scale is at least "formal logic"，You can also go to "Mathematical Logic/Modern Logic"。For Socrates、Plato and Aristotle, the ancient Greek philosophy represented by the three scholars of Greece,，Its scale should be "formal logic"。If you consider the philosophy of the wise or the previous primary form，Their scale should be debate or reasonable。

The current point is，Where is the scale of European philosophy? It looks，At least the first "demonstration"，You can also go further to "logic"，But it should be here。If you go forward，to "Form Logic"，It is not much different from analytical philosophy，Become a family。I believe that European philosophy will not deny that it is a lecture verification、Logic，But since the philosophy of analysis is not a family，Break up，That is only not to talk about form logic。This is the fork point of the two。

In fact, not to talk about formal logic is not a problem，Because logic is not just form logic，There are other logic。But the problem is，Since it is logical，Then there must always be some kind of logic，So I always want to answer，What logic is the logic of European philosophy.。There is an example that can be used as a reference to make some instructions，That's Hegel Philosophy。Hegel philosophy has its own logic，Usually called "Dialectic Logic"。Of course，European philosophy as a collection of many philosophy，The situation is more complicated than a single Hegel philosophy。But no matter what，This problem cannot be avoided，There bet365 best casino games is always a saying。Under the circumstances that this logic is，May wish to temporarily call it "the logic of European philosophy"。So you can get the following philosophical method scores:

　The logic of European Philosophy

European philosophy and analytical philosophy are many differences。Analysis of the above indicates，From the perspective of methodology，The most important difference is the difference in logic。

The argument and integration of European philosophy and analytical philosophy has the previous preparations，You can go back to the theme now，European philosophy and analytical philosophy, debate and integration。

First look at the argument。Today's argument，It's no longer the debate of the wise era，Instead of relying on the argument of the argument，That is to say，Is the truth argument for the truth，Not the argument for the victory;，Not relying on skills on skills。So，Logic has become the "infrastructure" for debate。​​It's like a sports competition，First of all, there must be a common arena and facilities。This not only refers to the physics venue，also includes the rules of the game, etc.。So，Boxing with boxing competition，Tai Chi has the field of Taijiquan，each has their own competitions。Under normal circumstances，Players from different areas can not fight together。Of course，If you have to let the boxing and Tai Chi boxing together，Not，Then formulate the rules that are acceptable to both parties，still have to have a common platform。For philosophical arguments，This platform is logic。So，To make European philosophy and analytical philosophy conduct arguments，First of all, the two must have a common logic。

Look at the fusion again。The original meaning of the fusion here should be whether the two parties of the European philosophy and analytical philosophy can learn from each other，Long -term tonic，Common research，Promoting the development of philosophy。Good wish。but，How to achieve such a fusion，Not like today's two parties sitting together to talk about philosophy or merge。Personal interaction and theoretical integration is two different things。Can achieve theoretical fusion，First of all, there must be a common logic。Only discuss common issues on the basis of common logic，Study the corresponding theory，can be truly integrated。So in the end，How to fuse is still a logical platform。

Based on the above two aspects，Whether it is argument or integration，bet365 live casino games All need a common logical basis。But at present it seems that this foundation is at least not clear。How to complete the construction of this infrastructure，Perhaps it needs to be worked together by the two parties，Especially European Philosophy。

European philosophy and analytical philosophy, since they are all philosophy，There must be a common part，Since it is "two people"，There must be different parts。Which is the common part，Where is the fork，Philosophy method ruler provides an observation perspective。According to this, you can see，Both can achieve "demonstration"，can also reach "logic"，It was the same before that，Blind point out of "logic"，It is about formal logic，Still "the logic of European philosophy"。Although the logic of European philosophy is still an unsolved problem，But theoretically，It exists。If you want to carry out debates between European philosophy and analytical philosophy to achieve a certain sense of meaning，First of all, you need to find or build a logical basis for the common two。

　　(The author is a professor at the School of Philosophy of Shanxi University)