The shortcomings of China’s active response to population aging are in rural areas。Based on the development trend of China’s aging population in the new era、The development and reform direction of China’s rural areas,bet365 withdrawal social elderly care should be an important implementation strategy,Incorporated into the strategy of actively responding to population aging and the strategy of rural revitalization。
First,From the strategic perspective of actively responding to the aging of the rural population,The traditional family pension system in rural areas has been affected by the displacement of people and land、The impact of factors such as the weakening of the role of filial piety culture。Many elderly people in rural areas have no one to take care of them,Nothing to rely on mentally。bet365 withdrawal social elderly care is in line with the weakening of traditional family elderly care in rural China and the surge in the need to improve the welfare of the elderly,In harmony with the traditional rural character and modern transformation of China’s rural areas,It is based on China’s actual national conditions and reality,The low-cost development of rural social elderly care summarized from local practical exploration and institutional innovation、China’s experience and model in actively responding to the aging of the rural population。
Secondly,From the perspective of rural revitalization strategy,The ideal form of rural revitalization is revitalization based on the reconstruction of mutual aid communities。Both it and the construction of the mutual-aid social elderly care service system need to re-examine and build mutual-aid organizations that combine top-down and bottom-up,So although it is mutual aid for the elderly,It should be viewed in the context of rural revitalization strategy and the construction of good governance society。The bet365 withdrawal culture and bet365 withdrawal society formed by the bet365 withdrawal social elderly care,Can drive cultural prosperity、Gather good rural governance。Mutual aid economy can help green development、Common prosperity。All rural residents unite and help each other,Jointly promote urban-rural integration、Quality promotes agriculture、Featured Poverty Reduction,Stimulate rural economic and social vitality,Promote the construction of a harmonious aging society in rural areas。
Finally,The rural bet365 withdrawal social elderly care service system is basic rather than auxiliary。The social separation represented by mutual assistance with the West checks and balances the country、Different markets,China’s traditional informal mutual aid organizations represented by clans are the organizational form and main support for the country’s grassroots governance。After the founding of New China,Rural party organizations and villagers’ self-governing organizations established from the top down—administrative mutual aid organizations,The difference between Chinese mutual aid organizations and the West is more clear。This is based on the idea of collectivism,Organizations under the leadership of the party and government、Protect、Serving residents,Organizational form to safeguard residents’ interests。Meanwhile,Some bottom-up emergence、A rural grassroots mutual aid organization managed from the top down,Such as Senior Citizens Association、Volunteer organization、Volunteer organization,It has also been widely developed in many rural areas。Therefore, China takes collectivism as its value guide,State-led、Rural mutual aid organizations under the leadership of the party and government,And the historical evolution of traditional rural informal mutual aid guarantee,Make mutual aid and family care work together,It is possible to build a rural social elderly care service security network that is basic rather than auxiliary。This is also the Chinese path and Chinese model for the development of elderly care in rural society。
In the coordinated development of the government’s vigorous promotion and social spontaneous actions,All regions have been exploring diversified innovations in bet365 withdrawal social elderly care services。Many regions have formed relatively mature bet365 withdrawal social elderly care service models,And Yanqing District, Beijing、Anji County, Zhejiang Province、Songyuan City, Jilin Province、Yizhou City in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and other places have further established a coordinated bet365 withdrawal social elderly care service system at the city/county/district level。These local explorations provide important practical support for building a rural bet365 withdrawal social elderly care service system with Chinese characteristics。
Overall view,Rural bet365 withdrawal social elderly care can be defined as embedding the concept of mutual aid in social elderly care,Under the leadership and support of the government,Take the villagers’ mutual aid organization as the main body of the organization,Linked Social Organization、Market、Society and other resources,Organize and mobilize various rural human resources, mainly (quasi-)elderly people, as the main action force,From mutual service and organizational management to funds、Service、New social elderly care method of cultural mutual assistance and market-oriented management。The focus of bet365 withdrawal social elderly care is on mutual help,The essence of mutual aid is economic mutual aid,The core is mutual service and assistance,Characterized as non-profit。So mutual aid is not the same as public welfare or charity,The reason why social elderly care is developed through mutual aid,It is to mobilize social forces in an organized manner,Make full use of the idle time of various human resources, mainly the elderly, to help each other at low cost、Provide services。
China’s rural bet365 withdrawal social elderly care service system involves multiple fields、Multiple levels、Social system in many aspects,Viewed from a vertical perspective,The micro level is the mutual aid behavior of individuals,The meso level is mutual aid networks and mutual aid organizations,The macro level includes the construction of mutual aid communities and the construction of mutual aid social elderly care service systems。Viewed from a horizontal perspective,From mutual service and organizational management to funds、Service、Cultural mutual assistance and market-oriented operation transformation,The process of building a mutual aid community。In terms of construction ideas,On the one hand,It can be constructed from two aspects: a rescue mutual aid service system and a moderately inclusive "mutual aid service + system";On the other hand,Can be constructed from two aspects: life care services and health care services。
Governments at all levels should clarify the “welfare + public welfare attributes” of rural bet365 withdrawal social elderly care,Promote innovation、Try first,Design a bet365 withdrawal social elderly care service supply path that is consistent with local specific conditions。How to first build a rescue model for vulnerable groups by the government or government leadership、A hierarchical mutual aid service supply system (mainly daily inspections and daily care services),Based on the living conditions of different villages,Looking for qualified rural expansion mutual aid meals、Cultural Entertainment、Life care services for the elderly with life care needs。The specific steps are as follows: First, rely on the original governance entities (such as the two village committees、Senior Citizen Association、Village group) establish mutual aid organization,At the same time, the status of the elderly association as an administrative organization for the elderly in rural areas should be established,Give financial support and standardization to senior citizens’ associations、Standardized Guidance,Relying on it to provide various rural elderly services and village governance services;The second is to carry out various cultural and entertainment activities,Relieving the mental loneliness of the elderly,Active community/rural culture,Lay a solid organizational and personnel foundation for further service and mutual assistance;The third is to establish a volunteer team,Link internal and external resources at the same time,Exploring informal mutual aid networks、Volunteer mobilization training and classified management,Establishing mutual-aid social elderly care service pricing for reference、Management Evaluation System,is disabled、Semi-incapacitated、Provide life care services for the elderly living alone;The fourth is to merge the elderly dining table of the home care service center、Day Care Room,Choose some well-run elderly dining tables to implement large-scale operations,Establish a mutual aid delivery point。Establishing elderly care stations (service agencies) in areas where conditions permit、Opening a canteen for the elderly,Integrate existing resources,Meet Elderly Care、Residential and moderately inclusive elderly care needs such as dining,Add multiple types at the same time、Mutual aid service projects that meet social needs;The fifth is to establish community foundations/village built-in finance in areas where conditions permit,Develop community economy/mutual aid economy,Form self-looping、Sustainable bet365 withdrawal community/village community。
Finally,The government should promote the concept of mutual assistance,Complementing the dominant position of filial piety culture in Chinese traditional elderly care culture with mutual aid culture,Let mutual aid and filial piety jointly become the new logical leadership of the elderly care culture in the new era。Supplement family mutual aid with social mutual aid,Social exchange supplements family exchange,At the same time, we use social mutual assistance/exchange as a boost,Promote the revival of family mutual aid/exchange,Building unity、Harmony、Civilized and orderly bet365 withdrawal elderly village and bet365 withdrawal elderly society。
(This article is part of the National Social Science Fund Youth Project "Research on the bet365 withdrawal Social Elderly Care Model and Operation Mechanism in Rural China" (19CRK013)、Beijing Social Science Fund Youth Project "Research on the Operation Mechanism of Urban and Rural Mutual Help Home Community Elderly Care in Beijing" (18SRC015) phased results)
(Author’s affiliation: School of Humanities and bet365 withdrawal Sciences, North China Electric Power University)
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