If the bottom line and foundation of a beautiful life is safe，So，For social construction with the central task of protecting and improving people's livelihood，The advent of the era of risk society or the era of uncertainty，Highlight a dimension that cannot be ignored，That is tough dimension。

A kind of toughness often means that it can withstand the hit and crash without constant。A society with toughness means that it can withstand various risks，It can survive all kinds of unexpected disaster crisis and survive，and quickly restore the vitality of normal operation。Generally speaking，Compared to traditional society，The attention and attention of modern society is the efficiency of social operation。Efficiency is a modern time dynamic manifestation，and the efficiency target re -organized our use of time and space。Under the same as dwarf，The toughness of social storage and running，No the same attention and attention，Even sacrifice toughness for efficiency。For example，getting more and more fine、The increasingly expanding division of labor undoubtedly improves efficiency，But at the same time, as long as there are problems in a certain link or place，It may bring a full -scale crisis;，As far as the crops of a specific variety grow and mature，Single Bet365 app download -based planting is undoubtedly more efficient，But once it is attacked by withered disease，It will bring unsuccessful losses; as well as，Put some basic life、Production materials outsourcing will be more "cost -effective" from efficiency，But once a certain global crisis comes，Society will be in a crisis of helplessness。

The coming of the risk society，Especially the financial crisis and other difficult disaster events，Forced us to adjust our thinking，We must change the neglect of the dimension of toughness。Faced with the "uncertain difficult factors" in the face of scattered everywhere，We must "prevent in case"，It must be paid attention to the toughness ability of the rapid recovery of society after the crisis is impacted。Like German economist Marcus Brenenermel said: Toughness should "be a guide for the social design of the epidemic in the epidemic"。

So，Focusing on tough dimensions，What are the issues should we pay attention to in social construction? The author combed the most basic conditions and abilities required for most society or communities to resist risks，Discussion from the following aspects。

First，Follow and firmly grasp the various uncertainties in contemporary society that are always determined to be determined。Marx、Engels said: "The first premise of all human survival is the first premise of all history，The premise is: people in order to ‘create history’，Must be able to live。But for life，First need clothes、bet365 Play online games Food、Living and other things。"Of course, it is also the basic prerequisite for any social self -holding of any society。and the most basic manifestation of a tough society，is to be an unpredictable disaster、When the crisis brings it into the situation of extreme crisis，It can hold it up without collapse，It can ensure the safety of their members。This requires a preparation for this extreme situation from the perspective of "in case"，Prepare for people to survive in this extreme situation, it is okay to be sure、It is essential for the most basic condition，It's like a desert explorer must prepare the most necessary equipment before departure。This is actually the "bottom -line thinking" of society construction in the risk era。Theoretically，This is certainly humble theory，But from the risks often make many countries caught off guard performances，The preparation of humans who have been in a risk society in this regard are far from sufficient。This is mainly because of，For a long time，From the perspective of "efficiency first"，We are accustomed to maximize the traffic、minimum stocks are regarded as the advantages of various resource arrangements and utilization。and Today，When we examine from the perspective of social toughness，So，Keeping "redundant" may not be a disadvantage，Not to sin，but must。

Next，Pay attention to alternativeness and diversity。Sociology Functional School thinks，The holding and development of a society，Bet365 app download The necessary conditions for certain basic functions must be met，but，Functions that perform and implement these functions are alternative。In order to enhance the toughness of the society，You must pay attention to this alternative，With the disaster that is not expected to destroy the function of the function of fulfilling a certain necessary function，You can have functional matters B to top。2019，U.S. launched 3.0 Toughness Infrastructure Plan Time，Special emphasis on alternative。For example，Mountain Fire、Disasters such as floods or hurricanes may lead to interruption of power grids and mobile phone signals in some regions，When this happens,，Family、Enterprise、Community and municipal authorities can quickly transfer from the central power grid to millions of macro -grids that are solar power generation。These micro grids are set in family、Office、Factory、Near the community，and gather to a distributed network，Power supply for computers and mobile phones，Make sure people contact with the outside world，Until the region or the State Grid Reinstallation。Tightly related to alternativeness is diversity。With diversity，Only there will be alternative options。but but，Diversity is not just a prerequisite for alternative，It is a direct promotion factor of toughness。A single tree forest if you encounter this tree that is susceptible to infection，The entire forest may die in this regard，But the resistance bet365 live casino games capacity of mixed forests containing multiple tree species will be much stronger。Similarly，If an enterprise produces a single product，So，When this industry is in crisis，It may have no way to go; but if multiple products are operated，Its anti -risk ability will be much stronger。For the toughness of society，It is necessary to provide many choices for people's lives as much as possible，Even if this may affect efficiency to a certain extent。

again，Follow the community、Self -action ability of social organizations under the order of rule of law，Improve social self -adjusting ability。"Time Time: Reserture the Development and Evolution of Human" author Jeremy Ritin pointed out，The essence of toughness is adaptability，That is, the self -adjustment that things show when facing some changes in the environment and some part of their own components、The flexibility and ability of self -adaptation。In different types、Society of different natures，This self -adjustment、The flexibility and ability of self -adaptation is different。Many studies at home and abroad indicate，If a variety of society and various types of grass -roots communities are highly organized，Developed and active organizations of various associations，All these social organizations have the ability to self -act in the order of rule of law，So，This society adapts to environmental changes、Self -recovery ability after being traumatized is strong。Actually，Self bet365 best casino games -adjustment of things、Whether the flexibility and ability of self -adaptation，It is also the basic difference between organic matter and inorganic objects。Organicity means tissue。So，Self -adapting to society、Self -recovery ability，That is the toughness of the society，It must pay attention to the organization's own organizationalization，Especially community and social organizations。They should not only be regarded as "construction" and "cultivation" objects or objects，It should also be regarded as a subject that can act independently in the order of rule of law，It should be possessed and given to take cooperation operations to deal with it immediately when facing crisis、Optional ability to overcome various difficulties。

Last，It must be pointed out，Emphasizing that society will spontaneously adopt the ability to cooperate in crisis，It is not to hang the government's responsibility in strengthening the tough dimension of social construction。Actually，Whether it is the guarantee of always determining the conditional conditions in uncertainty，Still maintenance of alternative and diversity，and even the growth of social self -action capabilities itself、Give full play and specification guidance，It is inseparable from a strong efficiency、The "people -centered" responsible government that can respond to social crisis and people's needs，It is inseparable from the various closely and effective interaction bet365 live casino games between society and the government in the normal operation of modern society，and mutual trust established in this interaction。

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