Population problems are always the global nature faced in the process of social and economic development in my country、Long -term、Strategic Questions。Since the reform and opening up，my country has experienced a fast population change。During this period，The huge quantitative population dividend effectively promotes the high -speed growth of the economy，But at the same time, it has accumulated a series of structural potential risks。Push over time，The advantage of the population of our country gradually weakened，and the problem of population structure is increasingly prominent。Current，my country's population development has shown declining childization、aging aging、Trend characteristics of regional population increase or decrease differentiation。Facing a new pattern of population development in the new era，Support Chinese -style modernization with high -quality development of population，It is an inevitable choice to become the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation。

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The connotation of high -quality development of population mainly involves five orientation。First, the total amount is abundant，Keep a moderate population scale，Give full play to the basic role of population scale in economic and social development。The second is excellent quality，It has a high comprehensive quality of population，Focus on improving the health quality of the people、Scientific and cultural quality and ideological and moral quality，Turn into a powerful country for human capital。Third is structural optimization，That is to form a good population structure，It is necessary to adjust the age structure and balance the gender structure。Four is reasonable distribution，That is to construct a reasonable population spatial pattern，Coordinating urban and rural distribution、Coordinating the area distribution while coordinating the area。Five is a balanced development，That is to Bet365 lotto review Bet365 lotto review promote the organic unity of the elements of the population and between the population elements and the socioeconomic economy，Realize people and economy、Society、Resource、Sustainable development of coordination of the environment。

Regardless of the actual pressure of the population from our country、Great momentum or potential risks，High -quality development of population has irreplaceable significance。First，my country will face negative growth for a long time、aging aging、Development trend of population such as young childization。At the end of 2022，The natural growth rate of my country's population is -0.060 ‰，For the first negative growth in 61 years。where，60 years old and above account for 19.8%，65 years old and above, the elderly population accounts for 14.9%，It marks that my country has entered a moderate aging society。According to calculation，In 2022, my country's total fertility rate has fallen below 1.1，Far below the more replacement level。These means that the future labor supply will become less and less，and the burden of support for the elderly will increase with the day，The extensive development concept that was originally relying on the number of population in population was urgent to change。

Next，Population play a basic role in social and economic development。Past，my country's use of a huge population advantage，Created the Chinese miracle of the economic free。With the popularity of basic education and the leapfrog development of higher education，my country's human capital has been greatly improved，Not only has promoted a new round of economic growth，It also promoted extensive political participation and social participation。other，The population is still related to my country's national security and international competitiveness，Good national quality helps improve the national security level and international image status。In short，The comprehensive development of people should be exposed in the common prosperity of all people。

Last，Popular population risks will constitute a severe challenge to socio -economic development。Current，my country's population risk is gradual、Cumulative、Bet365 app download long bet365 live casino games -term and other distinctive characteristics，It will be produced in economics、Political Stability、Social Security、Technical innovation and other aspects have unpredictable effects。From the perspective of total and structure，The overlay of negative population growth and population aging，On the one hand, it will exacerbate labor shortage and public financial pressure，directly affects the continuous vitality of the national economy; on the other hand, it will also trigger changes in social culture and intergenerational relations，indirectly threatening the unity and stability of family society。Proposal of high -quality development of population，It is a strong response to the above problems。

　　Inner logic of high -quality development of population

Needless doubt，The current population scale、Population Quality、Population structure、Population flow and urbanization changes，Not only facing many uncertainty or challenges，At the same time, it also contains the golden period that is rare for thousands of years，An important support for promoting the modernization of Chinese -style。

First，my country's population is huge，There is a large population spin space，It is an important foundation for high -quality development of population。Although my country is in the situation where China is in a long -term population growth，But the huge population scale is still an important population forces in my country for a long time in the future。This determines that my country can carry out a variety of strategies in the process of socio -economic development，Flexible matching through the population elements and socio -economic elements，Uncertain factors to deal with population transformation，firmly unswervingly promote high -quality development。

2，my country's population quality generally improves，Higher human capital level，It is the support condition for high -quality development of population。In terms of health quality，my country's baby mortality rate is gradually decreased、The average life expectancy of the population is continuously extended; in terms of scientific and cultural quality，my country's illiterate rate decreases sharply、The average education period has increased significantly。bet365 best casino games This means that high -quality bet365 live casino games labor supply will continue to increase。Release the quality of quality population by improving the level of human capital，Not only can effectively fill the gap caused by the reduction of labor，At the same time, it helps to promote the transformation and upgrade of the economic development model。

third，The changes in the population structure of our country are mainly manifested as aging intensification and improvement of gender imbalance，It contains the huge potential of high -quality development of population。On the one hand，my country's aging speed accelerates，The proportion of the elderly population has increased significantly，Conditions for accumulating longevity dividends。As a producer，The knowledge skills and experience reserves of the elderly will become a huge wealth in social production; as consumers，The group needs of the elderly will create a new market，Promoting pension care、Medical Health、The long -sufficient development of industries such as aging technology。On the other hand，The proportion of men and women in my country is gradually balanced，Reflected the trend of gender equality，The advantage of gender dividends。Look at it in a narrow sense，The improvement of the health status of women and the degree of education，All help to expand the labor storage pool; in a broad sense，The influence of the specifications of traditional gender roles and the weakening of gender discrimination in the labor market and social security system，It will also greatly release women's labor participation potential。

Fourth，The scale of population flow in my country is continuously expanded，It will promote urbanization development、Cooperate with industrial transformation and upgrade，This is the power basis for high -quality development of population。With the gradual liberalization of population migration policy and the continuous improvement of the public service system，The basic rights of the flow of population have been better guaranteed。2020，The scale of my country's mobile population has reached 376 million。Space distribution，A large population flows from rural to cities、Flows from developed regions bet365 live casino games in the central and western bet365 Play online games regions to developed areas in the east，Become an important driving force for my country's new type of urbanization; in the industrial structure，A large population flows from the agricultural sector to non -agricultural departments or flows between different industries，Bringing multiple levels of labor support。Current，The educational years and employment levels of the mobile population in my country have been greatly improved，It is conducive to promoting the efficient integration configuration of production materials。

　Realization path for high -quality development of population

Promoting the high -quality development of the population，The primary task is to optimize the mid -to -long -term design of the population development strategy。With the major changes in the population characteristics of our country，The strategic idea of ​​population development should also shift from traditional quantitative dividends to quality type、Configuration and other new dividends，Fully tap longevity dividends and gender dividends at the same time。Pay attention to the overall innovation of policy tools，Coordination and coordination between policies，Efficient integration of various socio -economic elements，Form a positive joint force for high -quality development of population。

It one，Support of the fertility system should be improved，Promoting fertility rate recovery。In the macro background of negative population growth，The level of eugenics should be improved，Develop the inclusive care service system，Reduce various raising costs，By releasing fertility and enhanced family functions，The recovery trend of promoting fertility rate，Slow the speed of the negative growth of the population as much as possible and its negative effects。

Its two，It should vigorously develop science and education，Improve the overall quality of the national。Current，my country's population health has been greatly improved，Education level determines the efficiency of human capital。Strategy should be adhered to the strategy of science and education and the country's strong country，Increase investment in basic education，Promote higher education and vocational education reform，Improve multi -level bet365 Play online games human capital training Bet365 lotto review system，and strive to solve the structural imbalance between the supply side of the human capital and the demand of the labor market。

Three，It should promote the cooperative development of the aging cause and industry，Improve the Pension Social Security System，Release the potential longevity bonus。my country is in an acceleration aging，Should improve the pocket -type pension service，Expand the inclusive care service，Strengthen the health support for the elderly，Promote home community care service。In this process，Should vigorously develop silver -haired economy，In particular, we must strengthen the development and application of smart health pension products，Meeting multi -level、Diverse aging service needs。

Four，It should be coordinated with urban and rural integration and development，Promote the new type of urbanization with human -artistic core。With the continuous expansion of the flow of the flowing population，The group structure and spatial distribution of the flow population also presents a new trend。On the one hand，The optimization and upgrade of the industrial structure should be accelerated，Create a new economic growth point based on the characteristics of population flow。By transforming traditional industries and cultivating emerging industries，Strengthen the coordination and linkage of industries in different areas，Promote the formation of multiple centers、Multi -level、Multi -node network -type urban agglomeration structure。On the other hand，Should deepen the reform of the household registration system，Promote equalization of basic public services，Ensure that individuals enjoy equal development opportunities and social security。By strengthening infrastructure construction and promoting the flow of urban and rural elements，Building workers and agriculture mutual promotion、Coordinated development、Coordinated development、New urban and rural pattern of common prosperity。

Actively promote the high -quality development of the population，Based on the large population advantage advantage，Focusing on the comprehensive improvement of the overall quality of the population，Grasp and use the objective bet365 live casino games law of the changes in Bet365 app download the population structure，Combined with various social and economic elements to play a special advantage that the population flow and the improvement of urbanization。So，It is necessary to improve the medium and long -term population development strategy，Strengthen the coordination and coordination of various policies，By increasing fertility level、Enhance the quality of the population、Improve the aging industrial system、Promote people -oriented urbanization，To promote the high -quality development of the population to support Chinese -style modernization。

　　(The author is a professor at the Department of Sociology at Peking University)