Depression, also known as "Major Depression Disorder，mdd)，Is a low emotional depression、Interest loss、Lack of pleasure、Activity reduction、Mental dysfunction in the core symptoms of mental activity。To understand depression objectively and rationally，It is necessary to distinguish depression and depression。

Depression is not equal to depression emotion。Although they all have sadness、Some similar features such as anxiety and physical reactions，But the cause is generated、duration、There are significant differences in the aspects of severity and the laws of onset。In terms of the cause，Depression emotion is usually a response to unpleasant incidents in life，and depression usually generates real estate for no reason，Lack of conditions for objective spiritual stress; shorter duration of depression，Usually gradually fading back after the event passes，Generally, it will not exceed two weeks，Depression is a long -term mental illness，It can reach two weeks or even months; depression is a normal、Short emotional response，Don’t need medical intervention，Just take appropriate rest、Relax、Communicate with people to alleviate，and depression will seriously affect the daily life and functions of the individual，Even the idea and behavior of committing suicide，Need medical intervention; depression does not have obvious rhythmic characteristics，and depression mainly manifested as morning and night light。Depression is a chronic disease with diverse medical performance，There are often unhappy unhappy that outsiders are unable to understand，Give people the feeling of "small questions and big things"，There are low recognition and recurrence features in treatment，Therefore, the evaluation of a professional doctor is needed、Diagnosis and treatment。At the same Bet365 lotto review time，It should also be alert to the "pan -disease"，That is, the depression emotion is wrong as a disease treatment，Publicization、Excessive medical care。

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Depression has a certain prevalence around the world、recurrence rate、Disable rate and suicide rate。According to "Liuye Knife -Major Report of depression of the World Psychiatry Association"，5%of adults in the world suffer from depression，But insufficient medical intervention -patients with about half of depression in high -income countries have not been diagnosed or treated，and the proportion of low -income countries reached 80%-90%。Depression brings deep mental stress to patients，In severe cases, it even affects daily life，Destroy interpersonal relationship and work ability。According to the World Health Organization 2022 Report，The new crown epidemic has led to an increase of the incidence of global depression 28%，Bring greater challenges to the diagnosis and treatment of depression。2009，The prevalence of depression in my country is 6.1%，and 2019，The lifelong prevalence of adult depression in my country has reached 6.9%。But，At present, the treatment rate of depression in my country is less than 10%。At the same time, you should also see，Depression is the healable。Patients with depression after the correct treatment，Although the condition is difficult to cure thoroughly，But still improved greatly。It is difficult to cure because depression has high recurrence，On average，Individual with depression，May face 4-8 recurrences in your life，Many patients have lived in the state of "getting better" and "healing" for a long time。

Depression brings a serious illness burden on patients，With the development of the condition，Patients with depression may experience continuous cognitive damage，Affecting the social life of patients，In extreme cases, even suicide behavior。According to the statistics of "China Health Statistical Bet365 lotto review Yearbook 2020"，Although the suicide rate of Chinese cities and rural areas in 2019 has been at a lower level worldwide，But depression has been identified as the main risk factors of suicide。Analysis of data based on suicide psychological anatomy，More than 90%of suicide death cases are related to at least one mental illness diagnosis，Among them, depression。It is worth noting that，The cause of the death of most patients with depression is not the mental illness itself，Instead of heart disease or other chronic diseases caused by depression、Suicide, etc.。Therefore，If the cause of death in patients with depression is attributed to chronic diseases or suicide，It may underestimate the effects of depression on mortality。

　　Social characteristics of key patient groups

The General Office of the National Health and Health Commission issued the "Exploration of the Working Plan for Determination and Control Features"，To increase adolescents、Pregnant women、Elderly crowd、High -pressure professional population and other depression prevention and control of key population intervention intensity。The susceptible people of these depression need professional and timely help。

The adolescent period is the high incidence stage of depression，With the efforts of active control，The incidence of depression and disability in our country in my country (Disability Adjusted Life Years，DALYS) Rate will continue to decline。But，Children's depression epidemic is still high，The incidence of middle school students is 25.5%-44.0%。2021 "China National Psychological Health Development Report" shows，The detection rate of teenager depression is 24.6%。"2022 National Depression Blue Book" data revealed，Patients with depression under 18 years of age account for 30%of the total number of people，The prevalence of 15%-20%，Half of the students at school。Depression is a triggering suicide for teenagers、The main reason for self -injury，serious impact on learning and life。The incidence bet365 best casino games of girls is higher than the overall and boys，The incidence of depression and DALYS in 20-24 years old is higher than 15-19 years old and 10-14 years old。Due to social and cultural changes，Including conflict of value concept、Virtual life (such as online games and social) rise、Lifetime changes and other influences，Coupled with the great psychological pressure of young people，Lack of maturity when facing pressure、Effective response method，The prevalence of the prevalence of teenager depression disorders。Therefore，The prevention and control of young people's depression needs to be carried out from multiple aspects，Including improving the public's cognition of depression，Strengthening mental health education，Provide psychological counseling and intervention service，and improve the social environment, etc.。

Data display released by the World Health Organization in 2017，The peak age of female depression is 25-44 years old，At the peak of fertility，The prevalence during pregnancy is 12.7%(7.5%is a new attack)。Among them, postpartum depression generally occurs within 2 weeks of postpartum，Sustainable entire puzzle period，Expressive as anxiety、frustration、Easy to irritate or horror，A few serious people will even have despair、Leave home、The idea and action of hurting children or suicide。Diverse causes of depression during pregnancy period，In addition to the influence of personal and family history，Hormone changes、Physiology and physical changes、Insufficient sleep、Social support lacks、Difficulties in pressure and emotional adjustment are also important factor。At the same time，Pregnant women are too worried about the fetus and newborn，It may also induce this symptom; changes in family roles and increase in work responsibility may cause mothers to feel weak，Then cause depression。and the family members of pregnant women, if they have insufficient awareness of this psychological Bet365 app download characteristics，The degree of depression may be aggravated。Therefore，Prevention and treatment of postpartum depression requires multiple comprehensive measures。If you provide comprehensive postpartum care and education，Meaning the risk factors and symptoms of postpartum depression，and ways to seek help。In daily life, women should be given more understanding and care，Provide a good social support system，Including family members、Friends and professionals，Help the mother to reduce the pressure，Share experience，Provide emotional support。

Lingle depression is a major public health problem in my country。2010-2019，The prevalence of depression in our country is as high as 25.55%。Depression in old age will not only cause personal pain，Extruded other chronic diseases，It may also cause family confusion。Except for general pathogenic factors，The reason for the increased prevalence of depression in the elderly also includes pressure from various types of chronic diseases、Benevolence or loneliness、Value -free, etc.。Urbanization and industrialization development，Social and economic transformation，The pace of life is accelerated，and the small family structure weakened the role of the elderly in the family and communities，Reduced the recognition of the elderly for their own value and the protection of traditional filial piety for the psychological psychology of the elderly，This may be the main cause of the increasing prevalence of depression in the elderly in recent years。With the acceleration of the aging process of my country's social population，We should attach great importance to the prevention and control of old age depression，Improve the health cognitive ability and socioeconomic status of the elderly，Reduce their anxiety about chronic disease treatment，To reduce the incidence of depression。At the same time，It should also establish a good social support system，Strengthen children's care，Reduce the sense Bet365 app download of uselessness and loneliness of the elderly，Preventing depression or aggravation，Incorporate the prevention and health care of the elderly in the "Healthy China 2030" work plan，Help to achieve healthy aging。

Due to the high degree of "inner volume" in the Internet and education industry，Many jobs require "24 hours standby"，Vague the boundary of life and work，Therefore, the Internet and education and training industries have become the "severe disaster area" for workplace depression。With the advancement of technology and the development of social networks，Many people have fallen into the ubiquitous working mode，Excessive use of mobile phones and computers leads them to unable to get enough rest，thereby causing sleep disorders and decline in work efficiency。In addition，Due to the rapid development of my country's economy and the fierce workplace competition，Employers and career people are facing greater work pressure，This further increases the incidence of depression。Due to lack of correct understanding of the disease，Some people treat depression and other mental illness equivalent，A large number of people in the workplace are therefore caught in the "sense of shame" of depression，Unwilling to disclose the illness，I dare not seek medical help。Therefore，Managers of enterprises and institutions should pay more attention to employees' psychological health problems，Take the corresponding psychological guidance measures，Create a positive and healthy working environment，Employees who assist in frustrated physical and mental frustration to eliminate the sense of shame，Active treatment，Return to work。

Although depression is a common disease，But the treatment is positive in most cases。Social response depression shows tolerance and understanding，Eliminate misunderstanding of depression，Abandoning "Sickness"，Make patients get rid of stigma，Let patients get treatment in time。If society has discrimination against spiritual and Bet365 app download psychological problems、Prejudice and stigma，Then the diagnosis rate of early depression may be underestimated。With my country's emphasis on mental illness，The diagnosis rate of depression also gradually increases，Social and family levels should continue to work hard，Further development of the cause prevention，Strengthening mental health education，Improve public psychological literacy。

　　(This article is the key project of the National Social Science Fund "social mentality characteristics and evolution trend under common wealth goals" (23ASH004) staged results)

(Author is a young associate professor at the School of Psychology, Qufu Normal University、Researcher Institute of Cognition and Behavior)