Since the 1980s，Historical nihilism as a generalized historical compilation idea appears and floods。History nihilia is under the banner of "restore the truth"，overturn all academic、Politics and society has been recognized and occupied by the mainstream about modern Chinese historical development.、The historical perspective of the party's revolutionary leader and even the traditional Chinese culture，Replace it with your own point of view，to win the "interpretation right" of this history。This kind of fierce opposition to mainstream historical perspectives、The historical compilation idea of ​​"pushing all the heavy"，It is extremely rare in Chinese folk history activities in China。More and more signs indicate，At the level of concept and method，Historical nihilism is the "export product" from the trend of modernist history of the West in the West。

Postmodernism is first of all，Derivation of compression and totalitarianity due to the establishment of "rational"。Since the enlightenment of the 18th century，The "rational" accumulated in Western civilization disappears in two world wars，Because World War is the peak of "non -rational"。From this，Postmoder's opposition to treat rationality as the driving force for historical progress，It even thinks that history is not a continuous and bet365 Play online games progressive process。Foucault's advocacy of the "discontinuousness" of history reflects the "anti -reasonable" cultural characteristics of postmodernist people to treat human history -the continuity and progressiveness of opposition to history。This kind of thought spreads behind the field of history，Evolution is a question of scientific science。1973，American historical philosopher Haiden White published "Yuan History: History of Europe in the 19th Century Europe" (hereinafter referred to as "Yuan History")，It marks the birth of the theory of postmodernism history。20 years later，White said in the interview，"Yuan History" is to deconstruct a myth，The so -called historical science。From Lanke、Tocqueville to Marx、Crozi，The artistry in historical writing is so obvious，so that European history in the 19th century is basically a poetic rather than science。

Looking back at China's historical nihilism trends，The fierce anti -traditional posture of historical nihilians，Nothing outside a postmodernist anti -reasonable characteristic -oppose the continuity and progressiveness of history、Scientific nature of opposition to history。History nihilia，Main manifestations are the most important scientific truth and rational tools of suspicion and opposition to Marxist materialism.。They think that the historical view of materialism is an outdated mechanical historical decision theory (such as the economic foundation determines the upper building)，Or seeing it as a "logical truth of time and space" that exists independently Bet365 lotto review of all things。From this perspective，Historical nihilism's opposition and betrayal of historical materialism，Makes them inevitably slide into the abyss of historical idealism。

Western traditional historical considers，The "narrative" of any historical event should include "environment、Scene、cause、Results "and other structures，Historical events connected to the plot to form a historical process。So，Historical narrative must have structure and sequence。The year's school school has favored structuralism and promoted it to the big briefing。Postmodernist representatives Liona said，Because we don’t believe in "Yuan Narrative"，So we become "postmodern"。Postmodernism History suspects all the authenticity and objectivity of all existing words and historical materials，It is believed that the text and historical materials that are mixed with the subjective judgment of the author cause readers to never understand historical truth。In a sense,，The ultimate purpose of postmodernist history is to deconstruct and subvert the objective concept of traditional history。From this，It turns to understand the historical philosophy of understandingism，What is targeted at the historic history philosophy of traditional history。

Post -modernist persons mainly attack the subjectivity of historical structure or "meta narrative" from two levels: ideological attributes of historical structure、The fictional attributes of historical discourse。Postmodernist history believes，"Yuan Narrative "'s division Bet365 lotto review of the stage of historical development is not simply a natural cognitive phenomenon。Foucault regards history as a "drama that is endless and repeated about rule"，Invented a new historical philosophy for this- "spectrum science" to destroy the linear structure of history。White said in "Yuan History"，Three "strategies" (formal argument explanation、Plot interpretation and ideological explanation) "Ironics"，Based on this, historical writing is regarded as a pure literary fiction and art imagination activity，Pushing the deconstruction of traditional history to the peak。

Looking back at China's historical nihilism trends，That kind of "Suspect everything、Treating everything "treats the posture of official historical writing，Not only inheriting the question of the "meta narrative" objectiveness of the postmodernist，And more like a low -level presentation of deconstruction。This is mainly manifested in the selectivity of the object of nothing，and historical nihilism is difficult to reach the theoretical height like postmodernism history。

On the one hand，When the historical nihilist is selected to write the object，Probably upholds this principle: Construction of everything is conducive to official ideology，Especially those historical events that belong to the official ideology itself、Personal and thoughts，I am interested in irrelevant historical problems。So，Historical nihilians imitated the attack of the "meta narrative" ideological attributes of "meta -narrative"，But also shows the goal orientation bet365 live casino games of "denying for negation"。On the other hand，History nihiliae cannot develop the "spectrometer" methodology like Foucault to examine "real history"，You can’t make the general historical discourse like White's general "irony"。Historical nihilism shows its own war、fragmented、Features of the system，Therefore, it can only stay at the low -level stage of deconstruction。

History nihilians are subjectively or objective、Consciously or unconsciously inherit and imitate the core thoughts and writing styles of postmodernist history，Although this inheritance and imitation look a little superficial and awkward。but，There is another key problem to solve: Is historical nihilism and postmodernist history pursuing the same value?

On the basis of emphasizing historical subjectivity，After the 1970s，Postmodernist history abandoned the traditional empirical research paradigm，Turn on the study and analysis of historical languages。This steering is generally called "linguistic steering"。The meaning of the historical text of the bearing language is uncertain，Postmodernist historians go to pursue the relative value of a historical text interpretation -to reveal the operation and structure of human society in history by deconstructing the text。The result of this value orientation is，Fragmentation of historical research。Postmodernist history no longer pursues the absoluteness and certainty of history，Instead, it provides readers with alternative historical interpretation of choice。bet365 best casino games Look at this，Postmodernist history is still an academic trend in essence。At the same time，It brings readers a new way of treating and thinking about history。

Looking back at historical nihilism trends，Most of the fragmented remarks、The article is for the so -called "restore historical truth"。Advanced form of historical nihilism ("Farewell to the Revolution" theory、"Invasion" theory、"Beautiful Republic of China" theory, etc.)，The "New Revelation" obtained on the basis of the failure of historical failure claimed to be the nihilist.。What must be vigilant is，Historical nihilism as a wrong social trend，Not only does it appear in the academic field，and in various literature、Frequent appearances in film and television and art works，generated the mainstream ideology、Weaken the serious hazards of people's political identity。

To sum up，The key difference between historical nihilism and postmodernist history is，It serves specific political goals，Therefore, it deviates from the normal track of historical research，A distortion existence in the background of postmodernism。Whether to have political purposes and attributes，is the fundamental standard of clarifying historical nihilism and postmodernism history。

(This article is the "Study of the Situation and Policy Course" National Security 'Construction Research "(19ZDMY10) in Hubei Provincial Key Marxist College Construction Project)

(The author is the deputy dean of the Chinese University of Geosciences (Wuhan)、Associate Professor)