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In the process of historical development，The spirit of Chinese philosophy has had an important impact on Western culture。The impact of Chinese philosophy on the West before the 20th century was mainly Confucian thoughts，Taoist thoughts have gradually affected Western since the 20th century。During 2030 in the early 20th century，Western cultural circles have even set off a small "Taoist Hot"，He hopes to find spiritual redemption from ancient oriental culture。

　　The rise of "Taoist Hot"

About 20 or 30 years during the World War I twice，The West shows unprecedented enthusiasm for Chinese Taoist thoughts，With its profound era background。

As early as 16、17th century，Chinese Taoist doctrine is translated with Confucianism.，But due to the pseudonym policy of the missionaries，At that time, the Taoist ideas attracted much attention。​​The late 19th century and early 20th century，With the development of the rational rationality of Western science and technology，Human ecological environment、"Modernity Problem"，A trend of "Eastern Culture Salvation Theory" has emerged in the West，Taoist thoughts that are a "psychiatric science" and survival wisdom to collect for the western cultural community，They take Taoist ideas as a role model for human supreme Bet365 app download wisdom。Swiss psychologist Jung believes，The pursuit of the Tao，The pursuit of the meaning of life，It seemed to have become a collective phenomenon at the time，The range far exceeds people's imagination。This "Taoist heat" that appeared in the West at that time was the most in Germany。

After the First World War，A wave of Chinese classical philosophy appeared in Germany，Among them, Wei Lixian's most contributed。His translation of Chinese classics, especially the old Zhuang Taoist philosophy,，Mainly "Tao Te Ching" (1911)、"Zhuangzi" (1912)、"Wisdom of Chinese Life" (1922)、"Lao Tzu and Taoism" (1925), etc.。It is translated with a version of reprint，and being translated as a variety of text circulating Europe，Injecting beneficial nutrition for Westerners after the war，and laid the foundation for the "Taoist Hot" in the West, the foundation。

Lao Tzu is regarded as a great foresight character，First of all, it is widely accepted in the Western ideological world，At that time, many western thinkers toured in Taoist Philosophy Temple。

Weber's "Confucianism and Taoism" deeply explored China's religious and cultural psychology。He thinks，Oriental Religion is characterized by the attitude of being born，Thinking through meditation to achieve the unity of heaven and man，Get my own redemption。The concepts of "quietness and inaction" in Taoist thought have mysterious colors that are opposite to Confucian rationalism，The ideal society of its "small country and widow" is similar to the Datong world of Confucianism，Both try to regulate people’bet365 Play online games s current behavior with a value rationality。Although Weber did not call people in the book to seek the cure of the world，But the advent of this book has stirred the interest in Western intellectuals in the deeper level of Chinese culture。

Sperter's pole "The Fall in the West" advocates to grasp Chinese culture from "Tao"，And discussed in detail the "Tao" he understood，3277_3302。He believes that the world has "Tao"，Therefore, it has rhythm、Rhythm and cyclical，This is consistent with what he is committed to exploring different cultural forms。Sperture is also very familiar with China's "yin and yang"，The opposite poles he contained in "Tao"，That is, the two sides of the world that are restricted by the changes in yin and yang are explained in a detailed explanation，and apply this principle to its specific analysis of cosmic society。

Existentialist philosopher Heidegger and Taoist thought coincide in "expensive"。German scholar Ryinhard Meiyi once listed a lot of similarities in the book "Light from the East: The Headgger Works in East Asia".，Compared with the German version of Laozhuang's German version by comparing the part of its writing，He found that Heidegger sometimes misappropriated the main concept of Taoism by words and sentences。Heidegger really respects Lao Zhuang's thoughts，He has carefully read the Tao Te Ching and "Zhuangzi"，and cooperate with Chinese scholar Xiao Shiyi to translate "Tao Te Ching"，The Chinese calligraphy works hanging in the workshop are from "Tao Te Ching · Chapter 15": "Can it be quiet? Xu Qing。Can it be safe Bet365 lotto review for a long time? Xu Sheng。”

Swiss psychologist Rongger, who had resisted with Freud,，then introduced Taoist thoughts into its "collective unconsciousness" research。Jung has prefaced "Taiyi Jinhua A purpose" and "Book of Changes" translated by Wei Lixian，The Taoist Scriptures in China make him deeply inspired，Among them, the experience comprehensive thinking method provides evidence for his psychological analysis thinking。Jung is still promoting yin and yang complementary、In the Taoist Real Neidan method，Find the fit of the psychological analysis method，His understanding of the "synchronization principle" of unconscious phenomenon，Derived from the relationship between Xingxue and hexagrams in the Book of Changes。

　　Taoist thought becomesMother Questions of Western Literature Creation

The influence of Taoist thoughts in the Western literary world during this period，Not only has become the spiritual pillar of many writers，And also became the mother question that they repeatedly referred to in their pen。

This is first fully reflected in German expressionist literature。Dablin's "The Three Jumps of Wang Lun" with the history of the Qianlong period of China in the 18th century as the background，Based on Taoist philosophy，The story interprets the story of the hero Wang Lun through the three jumps of fate and finally self -immolation converting to "inaction"。Wang Lun’s tragedy reflects the helplessness of informal philosophy in the face of the world，and Taoism's quiet and inaction is exactly the beauty and mystery of its is not bet365 best casino games as expected and unreasonable，Plucking the anxious mind of modern people。Drama writer's script "The Mass and Man" protagonist's hesitation between "inaction" and "Doing" and several life choices，Similar to Wang Lunpo in Dablin，Although the work is not directly quoted by Taoist quotations，But deeply coupled with the thinking of "inaction" and endless life reincarnation。

Germany's "Romantic Knight" Heise loves in Oriental Culture for a lifetime，and regard "Tao Te Ching" and "Zhuangzi" as the most important content of Chinese culture he contacted。Taoist thought not only affects its life and thinking way，and extensively infiltrate its literary creation，Everything is the source of the source、Confrontation Unification、Shangshan Ruoshui、Life and Death Cycle and other ideas have been repeatedly described by their novel works，An important spiritual basis for becoming Heise to build its own aesthetics。Drama Master Blacht is also deeply moistened by Taoist thoughts，His long poem "Lao Tzu's West out of the Legend of Tao Te Ching"，It is intended to borrow Lao Tzu and Mingzhi。Lao Tzu has the greatest influence on Blacht with the dialectics of weakness and strong，Its novels and some poetry works have a vivid interpretation。Zhuangzi's "useless use", especially "useful" thought, also has a deep revelation for its artistic thinking，This is clear in its drama "Sichuan Good Man" and "Bold Mom and Her Children"。

Many French writers at that time were also immersed by Taoist thoughts。symbolic poet Kloguer is obsessed Bet365 lotto review with Chinese Taoist philosophy，Once with Laozhuang Poems。Kloguel feels the most deepest thing is the understanding of the concept of "having" and "no" in the unified relationship between Lao Tzu。In its work，The two images of "spoke" and "埏埴" that Lao Tzu said frequently appear frequently，The "empty" thought contained in the two has become his specific debit for expressing his own Christian concept。Another long poem "Anbas" written by Shengqiong Pes, a symbolist poet, in the western suburbs of Beijing，Describes the strange picture of the poet's exploring struggle in Hanhai Desert。"Anabas" means the meaning of Taoist "inner boarding"，Poetry works in lyric image、Methods and internal structures have the seal nourished by Taoist ideas。Henry Mi Xiu once in 1930、Traveling in China in 1931，Connect with Taoist thought，Its travel notes have mentioned many times and Taoism。Its poem is empty、elegant，Show the realm of Taoist "virtual quietness" and "defending"，With a strong "Buddha" taste and "Tao" flavor。Mi Xiu's art exploration of life search for deficiency，Critics are regarded as "the Western" Tao Te Ching "in the French poetry of the 20th century"。

To sum up，For the West in the early 20th century，The most important significance of the Chinese Taoist thought is: it is a ray of oriental light，A cultural spirit that can overcome the Western cultural crisis as a show。Western intellectual industry U -turn east Gu，Find Ganquan in the ancient Chinese philosophy wisdom，Its essence is to borrow the way of the East，Pour your own block。

bet365 Play online games (Author Unit: School of Literature, Nantong University)