Mid and late 1990s，With the rise of international public bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation research，There is an upsurge in public bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation research in our country。Early bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation research focused more on bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation theory，As the research deepens，Gradually forming some consensus frameworks for bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation research。Among them，Research on public bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation alternatives has become one of the most important topics in bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation research。

　Causes of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation changesThree perspectives of research

Research on the causes of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation flexibility in my country，There are generally three perspectives: bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation and the bet365 kentucky bonus code itself perspective、Economics Perspective and Institutionalism Perspective。

The object of analysis from the bet365 kentucky bonus code goal perspective is the bet365 kentucky bonus code itself，This part of the research attributes bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation flexibility to the shortcomings of the bet365 kentucky bonus code itself，Control the behavioral intentions of bet365 kentucky bonus code executors。From the perspective of the bet365 kentucky bonus code itself，Many policies issued by the state have flaws，Making it difficult to implement at the grassroots level，Rational adjustments at the grassroots level，Resulting in bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation that deviates from the country’s original bet365 kentucky bonus code。Research on bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation flexibility from this perspective，Treat bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation variations as a neutral phenomenon，It is the local government based on its own actual conditions，The act of implementing superior policies。

The economic perspective of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation，Attributing distortions in bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation to local governments’ motivation to protect their own interests，That is, within the scope allowed by the system，Symbolic、Selective bet365 kentucky bonus code enforcement，Even partially revise the bet365 kentucky bonus code，Make it meet local interests and needs。This perspective is based on game theory，Considering that bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation modifications are the main body of implementation、The result of the game between bet365 kentucky bonus code target groups and higher-level governments in order to maximize their own interests。

Based on the assumption of rational economic man，The economic perspective of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation no longer considers the characteristics of the bet365 kentucky bonus code itself，bet365 kentucky bonus code execution is the main body of execution、Game results after three-party cost-benefit analysis of target groups and bet365 kentucky bonus code entrusters。But，This idea cannot explain the complicated forms and results of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation in our country，That is, bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation changes are not simply whether the bet365 kentucky bonus code is accepted or not，Tend to show a variety of results，Some policies are highly implemented，Some implementations are low，Some have attached other bet365 kentucky bonus code results, etc.。Therefore，A growing body of research places bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation adaptations within the institutional context of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation，According to different bet365 kentucky bonus code execution environments，Analyze different bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation flexibility mechanisms and results，That is, the institutionalist perspective of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation research。

The core of the institutional perspective of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation research，Proposes the embedded relationship between the bet365 kentucky bonus code system and the bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation institutional environment，The causes and political system of changing bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation、Administrative system、Incentive mechanism and other institutional factors combined。Different rule embedding relationships，Determines the different types of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation，Therefore, the reason for bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation deviation lies in the harmony between the bet365 kentucky bonus code rules themselves and the institutional background of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation，Different degrees of rapport lead to different degrees of integration between the execution subject and the target group，This leads to varying degrees of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation deviations。

In terms of political system，The implementer of the bet365 kentucky bonus code - local government - has two roles: "perfect administration" and "local interest representative"。As far as the administrative system is concerned，Our country’s administrative system that combines multiple sections determines the “hierarchical” and “multi-attribute” characteristics of our country’s policies，bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation becomes the result of the interaction between vertical and horizontal intergovernmental relations。Including sequential games vertically、Hierarchical promotion-strategic response and other methods form a bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation model；Horizontally, multi-department cooperation at the same level，Finally passed target heterogeneity、Incentive imbalance、Constraining the three dimensions of difference enables relevant departments to form a highly differentiated bureaucratic structure。This type of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation research is mostly based on local practice，Discover bet365 kentucky bonus code variations in various forms，And micro-level operations in various places。Other than that，The administrative system that integrates the political process and the administrative process has also seen bet365 kentucky bonus code sequence changes such as central task policies absorbing non-central tasks。

　bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation flexibilityMain features and their impact

Comprehensive existing research findings，bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation modifications have two main characteristics: first，The objects of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation flexibility are mostly high-level policies，That is, the local government level for bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation is lower than the government level for bet365 kentucky bonus code formulation，Separation of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementers and bet365 kentucky bonus code makers，And bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation is a task entrusted by superiors。Second，The reason for bet365 kentucky bonus code changes is the gap and conflict between the bet365 kentucky bonus code goals and the target values ​​of the bet365 kentucky bonus code implementers，That is, the gap caused by objective conditions and the conflict caused by subjective interests。These two characteristics determine the role of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementers in the bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation process，Even if there are problems with the bet365 kentucky bonus code，It is also difficult to make bet365 kentucky bonus code changes。Therefore，Under the conditions of completing bet365 kentucky bonus code tasks，Most local governments have chosen flexible bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation methods，Under existing conditions、Complete bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation while safeguarding one's own interests。Due to the diversity of local government restrictions and the diversity of bet365 kentucky bonus code implementers’ own interests，Complex bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation methods have emerged，And bet365 kentucky bonus code air transmission、Results such as bet365 kentucky bonus code invalidation。

What’s more important is，Because of the hierarchical relationship and conflicting goals between bet365 kentucky bonus code makers and implementers，Also included in the implementation of public policies。bet365 kentucky bonus code research on such complex conditions，Although taking public bet365 kentucky bonus code as the research object，But the final response is complex politics、Government behavior under the administrative system，The implementation of bet365 kentucky bonus code changes is just a manifestation of government behavior，Thus concealing the problems existing in the implementation of public bet365 kentucky bonus code itself，And the real role of public bet365 kentucky bonus code in political and administrative systems。

　　Required for public bet365 kentucky bonus code implementationRisk Assessment

From a realistic point of view，bet365 kentucky bonus code is not just a public service tool as a government supply resource，It is also a tool for the government to achieve political achievements safely，And the latter is far more important than the former。Discovered through interviews with policymakers，bet365 kentucky bonus code security is the primary pursuit of policymakers and implementers。And strict bet365 kentucky bonus code process setting，Liability risks can also be shared。Therefore，From a government perspective，Policies are no longer just pure public service tools，It is the first and most important way for local governments to avoid risks when performing administrative tasks。

In the bet365 kentucky bonus code formulation stage，Refer to upper bet365 kentucky bonus code。In terms of the structure of the bet365 kentucky bonus code text，The bet365 kentucky bonus code text structure of lower-level governments is often very similar to that of higher-level governments；In terms of bet365 kentucky bonus code content，For content that is critical and can be quantitatively assessed，Strong consistency with higher-level governments。Quantitative indicators of policies at different levels，It often depends on the quantity change，Changes in rather than indicator content。Therefore，Even the bet365 kentucky bonus code text formulated by the government at this level，It may also be because it is consistent with the superior bet365 kentucky bonus code structure and key indicators，The setting of bet365 kentucky bonus code standards is inconsistent with local reality，Exhibited as bet365 kentucky bonus code target group positioning deviation。

In the bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation stage，Cumbersome design process。For example, the post-tax era，Grassroots government policies clearly show a shift from resource extraction to resource supply，But the common characteristics of resource supply policies are，The process for target groups to obtain bet365 kentucky bonus code resources is extremely cumbersome，Apply、Exchange、Complex evaluation and monitoring procedures、Various materials，Becoming the dissatisfied part of the target group。At the bet365 kentucky bonus code presentation stage，The target group has also expressed dissatisfaction with this issue，But there is no substantial change。

At the bet365 kentucky bonus code evaluation stage，Replace relative structure with absolute quantity。Take the bet365 kentucky bonus code evaluation of innovation vouchers as an example，Evaluation of the main amount of funds used，That is, the amount of innovation coupons redeemed each year，As for service content and service structure, they have not become an important part of bet365 kentucky bonus code evaluation。In terms of amount used，Innovation voucher bet365 kentucky bonus code implementation agencies and formulation agencies show a relatively satisfactory attitude，Therefore the bet365 kentucky bonus code follow-up has been advancing，The scope of use of funds is further expanded。For the expansion of fund scope，The target group thinks，Effective purchase of innovative services is the effective implementation of the innovation voucher bet365 kentucky bonus code，The intermediary service fee accounts for too high a proportion of the innovation coupon fee，May reduce the efficiency of using innovation coupon fees。But bet365 kentucky bonus code implementers believe that there are many enterprises in the region，It is impossible to meet the requirements of all enterprises，The amount of innovation coupons issued every year means the execution is successful。

Summary of the above analysis，Based on the implementation of local government policies，Public bet365 kentucky bonus code is both a tool for public management and services，It is also a tool to avoid risks in the government work process。When public bet365 kentucky bonus code conflicts between effective service and risk avoidance，The government generally chooses to avoid risks，Reject bet365 kentucky bonus code change option。In order to achieve bet365 kentucky bonus code performance，In non-critical or non-quantified parts，Can be executed through workaround，Complete bet365 kentucky bonus code requirements。

(Author’s affiliation: School of Politics and Public Affairs Management, Sun Yat-sen University)