bet365 offers “paradox” and its overcoming
November 15, 2019 08:46 Source: "Chinese bet365 offers Sciences Journal" Issue 1816, November 15, 2019 Author: Wang Linghao

"bet365 offers" generally refers to the beliefs that a community stably holds during a historical period、Concepts and usual behaviors。Most of the time,The survival and change of "bet365 offers" are more the result of the independent activities of members within the community or the so-called "spontaneous order"。Many times,The country does not need to take special actions to face such changes in bet365 offers,Just sit back and watch,For example, food taste。However,If bet365 offers is related to law,The problem becomes more acute and difficult to avoid。

Many traditional moral concepts will actually affect the rights enjoyed by the parties、Obligations assumed,It’s getting serious,Even punished。For example,Whether the concealment of relatives should become the guiding principle of criminal procedure legislation,Thereby granting the defendant's close relatives immunity from testifying in court?When a large-scale social pension system has been established,Should the law set the obligation for children to support their parents?Is it just because "hiding relatives from each other" and "filial piety" are traditions,The state can thus set rights and obligations?Even traditional beliefs that have nothing to do with morality once they are related to the law,Although it may not directly affect people’s legal rights and obligations,There will also be significant social impact。For example, in the legal supervision of drugs,Our country has two sets of standards,There is a strict set of evidence-based standards for modern medicine,But for traditional medicine, it is a completely different set of standards - standards derived from "bet365 offers"。The existence of the dual-track system of drug standards affects the health of hundreds of millions of people。Just because it is "traditional medicine",You can have additional privileges or immunities?

Actually,“bet365 offers” does not have the normative magic that many people understand it to be: do we hold beliefs that are considered traditional、Perceptions and whether to live according to traditional ways depend on these beliefs、The "content" itself of ideas and behavior,Rather than the "form" used as a bet365 offers。In other words,Because "filial piety" is a universally valid moral requirement,Only children should bear the obligation to support,This has nothing to do with whether filial piety is a traditional moral concept of the Chinese nation;Same,Because Chinese medicine is really effective,Only the country should allow traditional Chinese medicine to be put on the market,This has nothing to do with whether Chinese medicine is a traditional treatment method。When inheriting bet365 offers, it is common to "remove the false and retain the true" or "take the essence,The attitude of “throw away the dross” actually also implies such a view。This means,bet365 offers itself requires thoughtful scrutiny of its content by its heirs,Only those traditions are worth preserving because of their content,It is worthy of protection and continuation by contemporary people。

But emotionally,We seem to tend to identify more with the traditions passed down by our ancestors,On a normative level, I also feel a vague sense of obligation or responsibility to protect and pass on the bet365 offers I live in。In Psychology,People’s natural emotion towards bet365 offers is closely related to the self-identity of the human race,Plays an important role in the evolution of human social cooperation for millions of years。But on a normative level,We still need to further understand the source of this obligation or responsibility、Properties and Strength。Our emotion towards bet365 offers can probably be understood from two perspectives。

bet365 offers itself has history、Cultural value。These values ​​may be relatively independent of the value of the content of the bet365 offers itself,Just like the historical and cultural value of the cultural relic itself can be independent of the aesthetics attached to it、Technical achievement value。It is easier for inheritors of traditions to understand and preserve these traditions than for others outside the bet365 offers,The natural sense of identity of the ethnic group can also provide sufficient psychological driving force for such an obligation,We therefore have a special responsibility for our traditions。However,This understanding of the normative magic of bet365 offers simply treats bet365 offers as a museum piece。If we talk about a way of life in modern politics、The economic and social situation itself has lost its true appeal,Then the proper way to preserve this kind of bet365 offers should be to send it to a museum,Instead of letting it continue to be a part of people's lives,It should not be enforced through political or legal means。

However,The above understanding of traditional history and culture does not seem to exhaust the sense of obligation and responsibility we mentioned above。Treat bet365 offers by dividing it by cultural relics,In addition to the important significance of showing historical features and diversity of human culture,We seem to have other obligations and responsibilities towards the bet365 offers to which we belong。These obligations and responsibilities require us to inherit、Clean up or even remodel、Innovate the inherent traditions we have inherited。It is different from the requirement of the first obligation - to keep the dying bet365 offers in the museum,This second kind of obligation and responsibility requires us to inherit the "living bet365 offers",Used and inherited by us,Become part of our lifestyle。Preliminary view,This requirement comes from some kind of fiduciary obligation,The inheritors of bet365 offers are also the "guardians" of bet365 offers。The traditions we inherit are not just ours,Also belongs to the ancestors who created and maintained the bet365 offers in the past and the future generations who will inherit the bet365 offers in the future。Zhang Hengqu’s lofty academic mission of “carrying on the unique knowledge to the saints” may come from the call of similar fiduciary duties。But such fiduciary obligations are not unconditional,The premise is that the bet365 offers as the object of the trust is truly attractive。On the side of showing historical features and human cultural diversity,Even traditions that are worthless or even evil,The inheritors of the bet365 offers have the obligation and responsibility to preserve the original form of its history and culture。But the duties and responsibilities in this second sense depend on the content of bet365 offers (specific beliefs、The true value of concepts and behaviors。

Further questioning about the source of this value,We may need a more grand vision of historical civilization。Because the traditional "authors" are located in the upstream and downstream of the long river of history,The inheritance and maintenance of bet365 offers over a long period of history also reflects an "outstanding achievement of human civilization"。Just like we admire the countless small builders in ancient Egypt to create the magnificent pyramids,The long-standing civilizational bet365 offers is also worthy of people’s admiration。Countless small individuals in the long history spanning countless eras,Gathering sand into a tower,Converging into a sea,That’s why we have today’s magnificent civilization,This is also an amazing human achievement。Tracing to the source,Our obligation to inherit and protect bet365 offers fundamentally comes from such a concept of "perfectionist"。There is no narrow self-deceptive nationalism in this concept,It also does not leave room for the so-called "Orientalism" to survive,But adopt an open and peaceful attitude to face the bet365 offers in which we live。The traditions of each ethnic group bear the mark of history,Even today’s civilization that has made brilliant achievements still has many “original sins”。The successors of civilization should face these "original sins",But at the same time, we should guard it with "sympathetic understanding"、Inherit and innovate the concepts and institutional heritage of our ancestors,Innovate with the old,Provide imaginative conceptual resources and solutions to the problems facing the nation and the world today。

Finally,We may say that there is no real traditional "paradox"。Whether or not related to law,Recourse to traditional defenses will fail,But we do have additional reasons to pass on and creatively transform the traditions we inherit。This reason comes not only from the value of preserving the original appearance of history,What’s more important is to keep bet365 offers open and dynamic,Showing the deep attraction of civilization in a new historical stage and human condition。I agree with Mr. Liang Zhiping’s in-depth portrayal of traditional self-renewal,This process "is neither a repetition of past history",At the same time, bet365 offers does not deviate from the basic pursuit of mankind”,“On the one hand, nourish yourself with the spiritual nourishment of all mankind,Use your own unique experience to solve human problems”。The great civilizational traditions we have seen,Always try to be eclectic,Haina River。These great traditions are like ropes: countless fibers make up the rope,But not a single fiber runs through the entire length,But as Wittgenstein said,“bet365 offers is their intertwining that makes the rope strong”。

(The author is an associate professor at Guanghua bet365 offers School, Zhejiang University)

Editor: Chang Chang
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