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Analysis of the value theory of Confucius "Righteousness"

February 28, 2020 04:21 Source: "China Social Sciences", February 28, 2020, No. 1875 Author: Sun Xiuchang

　　Confucianism is strict in "Righteousness of Righteousness"，If you trace the source of this ideology，It can be attributed to a self -proclaimed phrase contained in the Confucian Confucius Ren: "The gentleman is metaphorized in righteousness，Little man is metaphorical。"" Righteousness of Righteousness "is one of the fundamental topics in Confucius' thoughts，How it is related to how people cut the question of "Li" in the process of "relying on benevolence"。

　　From the perspective of Confucius，People's tailoring of "benefits" is nothing more than three aspects: how to deal with "rich" and "poverty"、 "Guide" and "Bad"、"Sheng" and "Dead"。Usually，People often think that "poverty", "cheap" and "dead" are "harm"，Therefore, there is often a shame "poverty"、Idestyle "cheap"、Heart of Evil "Death"。Compared with this，"Rich", "Expert", "Sheng" is often considered as "benefits"，Therefore, people often have a kind of love "rich"、Hi "Gui"、Good "born" heart。In short，Among the "rich", "expensive", "birth"，"Sheng" is regarded as the most basic "benefit" -just with the "life" of the flesh，Talents have the foundation of "rich" and "expensive"; or，People ask for "rich" and "expensive"，In the bet365 live casino games end, it is to maintain the right to the most basic "life" and satisfy the happiness of the happiness。In view of this，We can further simplify the obtaining people's demands into two levels: one is the search for "rich" and "expensive"，One is the most basic "birth" for obtaining。Correspondingly，Confucius's "Ren" based on the "benevolence" of the "Yiyi" of people is also expanded from two levels: one is to "rich" and "poverty"、 The value of "righteousness" or "injustice" between "expensive" and "cheap" is cut off，The other is the value of "righteousness" or "injustice" that is made between people in "life" and "death"。

　　Railway to ride, poor, poor, and poor need to reflect "benevolent"

　　As far as the "dislike of righteousness" is based on its first level of tailoring，Confucius did not deny the value of "rich" and "expensive" in the sense of maintaining the right to survival of the person，Therefore, there is no generalization of the desire of "rich" and "expensive" as a physical existence。"The Analects of Confucius · Liren" records such a paragraph: "Rich and expensive，It is what people want，Do not gain what you get，No place to。Poverty and low，It is the evil of people，Do not gain what you get，Don't go。"Confucius first affirmed that everyone wanted" rich and expensive "at the level of people's common sense、The heart of "poverty and cheapness" is harsh。As a teacher of Confucianism，Confucius beyond ordinary people in，He is a premise that he has to have the abandonment of "rich and expensive", "poverty and cheap"，Bet365 lotto review That is to decide according to "Tao"，And this "Tao" has its indeed value orientation from beginning to end，That is the "benevolent"。That seems to，The core question of Confucius's "distinguished" of "righteousness" is not whether humans follow the nature of people and have something to take or abandon "richness and nobleness", "poverty and cheapness"，but only whether a person reflects "Ren Dao"。

　　"Rich" and "Gui" obviously not the value orientation of the dominant position in Confucius，Not the only value orientation，The desire for "rich" and "expensive" will naturally be divided into "demand" and "unreachable" due to the unification of "Tao"。For example，Confucius once said: "Fortune can also seek，Although the whip of the whip，I am also。If you do not ask for，Good from me。"" ("The Analects of Confucius · Shuto") So，What does the so -called "demand" here mean? What does "don't ask" mean?，But with his thoughts，Everyone who is "Tao" is "requiring"，Anyone who is not in line with "Tao" is "unavailable"。Under the situation of "Unreprudible"，Confucius made a decision to make a decision from me，In fact, his "good" thing refers to the "Tao" that he always enjoyed in it。Confucius once said calmly: "Fan Shu Shi，Drinking water，Qu's mix and pillow，Le is also in it。Unjust, rich and expensive，As you like a cloud。"(" The Analects of Confucius ") can be said，"Unjust, rich and expensive，In my like a cloud "is Confucius in the dilemma of" rich and expensive "and" Tao bet365 best casino games "，Consciously rely on the "Tao" of his good and Le Shou "Tao"，For those people who are still entangled in the balance of interests and eventually, the responsibility and guidance of people who have finally made "rich and expensive"。

　　Of course，If you have "good", there will be "evil"，If you have "music", you will be "worry"。If the "good" and "music" of Confucius are the words he expects "Tao"，Then what he "evil" and "worry" are the difficulties of "Tao" in the world。"The Analects of Confucius · Wei Linggong" contains the phrase of the master: "The gentleman is worried about the poor。"Just as" good "is good、"Le" as music，Confucius should be evil for its "evil"、"Wording" worries the feelings of the saints，Make a value cutting that is not outside of its natural temperament for the "righteousness of righteousness" he cares about。

　　The ultimate significance of the birth depends on "Ren"

　　Confucius also values "Sheng" like ordinary people。Because of this，What is the problem of "dead" when the child road is "dead"，Only "unknown life，焉知 ("The Analects of Confucius · Advanced") such a response to instructions to give me a guidance。"Sheng" is what people care about，"Dead" is a disgusting，This is the common sense of people。As far as daily situations are concerned，In fact, there is no question of how to make a house between "life" and "death"。In short，In the case of "living" and "Tao",，There is no dilemma for "living" to find "Tao" or greedy "life" to abandon bet365 Play online games the "Tao"，Naturally, there is no question of "seeing danger" ("The Analects of Confucius · Constitution")。From the perspective of Confucius，It's just that when a person is unfortunately "born" and "Tao", you have to choose the danger of life between the two，Whether to "teach" to become a real problem about the large end of life。

　　Confucius's classic instructions made on this life problem: "Zhishi Renren，No life to harm the benevolence，There is a killing to become benevolent。"(" The Analects of Confucius · Wei Linggong ") means，"Zhi Shuren" will not harm "benevolent" because of greed，and can sacrifice life in order to become "benevolent"。Here，Confucius not only emphasizes the fundamental significance of "benevolence" for people as a person，and remind those "Zhi Shiren" to be constantly practicing the "Ren" "Tao"。Confucius: "Chao Wen Tao，Destry to die! "(" The Analects of Confucius · Liren ") can be said，"Tao" consciously made Confucius finally get the value scale of "life" and "dead"，Also allows him to finally confidence in the intimidation of "dead" and always keep the unshakable life center of gravity。

　　Confucius with "benevolence"，The "Tao" of his "Zhi" and "Hong" is in the final analysis "benevolent" with "benevolence" as the value of value。If we offens the tailoring of "the discern of Yili" at the second level of its level to the cut between "birth" and "Tao"，So the decision -making on "life" and "Tao" means that it is cut off for "life" and "benevolence"。In bet365 live casino games Confucius，"Life" is really the biggest "Li"，The ultimate significance of "life" depends after all, depending on "benevolent"，So，"Ren" has become the highest "righteousness" that Confucius is used to cut "life"，"Kill the body with benevolence" also became the highest disconnection made by Confucius for the abandonment of life value。

　　This highest disconnection was expressed by Mencius after Confucius: "Life，Yisha also wants; righteousness，Yue I also want。The two are not available，Those who are born and take righteousness also。"(" Mencius · Tzu Shang ") Like Confucius，Mencius first recognizes that "life" and "righteousness" are "I desire" in their daily situations，Just when the two are not available，"Give Life and Righteousness" only becomes a life decision of "Zhi Shuren".。It is also in the process of implementing this decision，"Zhishi Ren" really turned himself into "Zhishi Ren"。

　　Whether it is Confucius' "Killing the body to become benevolent"，Still Mencius’s "Gesting and Righteousness"，What they like to show people，It is a question of value tailoring related to the large end of life。Look at the bottom of the root，The "righteousness of righteousness" with value tailoring for its internal cardinal is obviously not a topic of knowledge that resort to think about，Instead, it is a topic of value theory that resort to life and the meaning of life and the meaning of life.。

　　(Author Unit: School of Literature, Hebei Normal University)

Editor in charge: Changchang