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The history of "passing" must be "through"

May 22, 2020 02:21 Source: "China Social Sciences", May 22, 2020, No. 1931 Author: Li Yong

　　Academic circles are used to distinguish historical works into the history of generals and the history of discipline。What is the relationship between the two，孰孰劣，This is a topic in history。Talking about this current，I am afraid there is still a phenomenon that is difficult to adjust。If you call the works from prehistoric to the history of the People's Republic of China, it is called Tong History，There will be no objections。This is because the "Historical Records" written by Sima Qian across the time from time to the Emperor Huangwu，Become a model of history，History of time penetration as a consensus。But，People also generally believe that Ban Gu's "Han Book" is the history of the intergeneration，Therefore, if it is called a book about the history of a certain dynasty, such as the history of the Qing Dynasty, it is the history of the history，I am afraid that everyone can recognize。Actually，Discipline is the need for history、The situation bros up，does not mean insulation with the history of the general history。On the contrary，Ban Shi History can also be written as a general history，Therefore, a certain history of the interrogation is called the history of the Qing Dynasty，It's just that this kind of inter -generation history must have the spirit of "passing"，or to give disconnected history works to penetrate、Shipping、The spirit of China Unicom and Yuantong，can the history of generations be broken。

　　The history of the Bet365 lotto review intergeneration must have the spirit of "penetration"。"Passing" focuses on the sequence of historical events，Term of up and down、Ancient and Modern Pass，academic or "vertical"。If you treat the history of disconnection as a general history，It must be given this spiritual spirit。The spirit of the so -called inter -generation history，The most similar to refers to the disconnection of not being marked by the age。For example，History of the Qing Dynasty's Drag of the Qing Dynasty should reflect the spirit of penetration，In time, it is not just up until 1636 Emperor Tai Chi established the Qing Dynasty down to 1912，Instead, it must be traced back to the history of the real development of Jianzhou women，Going down to the Restoration of the Qing Emperor planned by Zhang Xun and others in 1917。Pay special attention to，The Qing Dynasty inherited from the history of the development of multi -ethnic nations in China，Therefore, the integration of the culture of various ethnic groups、The perspective of inheritance to meet the status of the Qing Dynasty in Chinese history，Is a perspective that must be given。In this sense,，Not limited to the time of the national number。Liu Zhiju's "Shitong · Disperture" believes that the content of the historical book must be restricted by disconnection，"Zhengjiangli，Open its leader ";，"Because of the leather，Sui -phase interaction，Of course，Non -Yaoyi "。Liu Zhi a few words are talking about the principle of no mechanical breaks。The early 1980s，"Introduction to History" edited by Bai Shouyi involves this problem，In the example of discussing the history of the historical Book Fan, it is clearly stated bet365 best casino games that "historical book breaks，focusing on the general，It must have a general view，In a book, there is no need to ask for one everywhere "，This view is consistent with the meaning of Liu Zhizhi mentioned above。

　　The history of the Bet365 lotto review intergeneration must have the spirit of "bypass"。"Bypass" focuses on the preface of the category and interaction，Is the left and right、Ministry Category，Trouble History to become a general history，Biantong is also an indispensable spirit。The so -called spirituality of the history of the history，Briefing is to bring together specialized history，Inspection of the disk of not being isolated for a dynasty's history。For example，The history of the Qing Dynasty should be reflected in the spirit of bypass，It must be subdivided into economy、Politics、Military、Academic and other specialized history，Each large category can be divided into several small categories，But you must jump out of these large and small categories，Convergence to inspect。In fact，These specialized history affect each other，Even intertwined，The historian must consciously sort out these complex relationships，to achieve a complete and smooth cognitive effect。Zheng Yan in "The Ceremony of the Ceremony" and "Tongzhi"，Treating this kind of communication as "bypass"。Zhang Xuecheng's "Cultural History and Passive · Shi Tong" except for the ancient and modern Tongwai，Also mentioned "Liuqing joint，Book of officials，There is also the meaning of common "，This is actually Zheng Yan's bypass。Someone considers the corresponding correspondence with "vertical"，Called this kind of "Hengtong"，It is really improper。Because this is easy to produce ambiguity，Zhang bet365 live casino games Xuecheng's "Culture History and History and Righteousness · Hengtong", "Xi Wen's Refueling theory", "No Intelligent Pearl"，and "Tao Listening Theory" but "shallow roots" are called "Hengtong"，This shows that he is saying people instead of historical works with "Hengtong"。

　　The history of the "Unicom" should be the spirit of the "Unicom"。"Unicom" focuses on the preface of the region，is the communication between east and west, north and south、Chinese and foreign general，Ban Shi Shi to become a general history，Unicom is a spirit that cannot be ignored。The so -called connected spirit of the history of the history，A word to cover it，It is not isolated for nation and even the country, but an interactive inspection。still take the history of the Qing Dynasty as an example。in the country，There are Han people in the Qing Dynasty、Manchu、Mongolian、Tibetan、Uyghur and other ethnic minorities，Ethnic groups are distributed in a certain area，Various exchanges between nations，Economy of a certain nation、Society、Culture and other aspects will have different degrees of impact on other ethnic groups。These are very important content in the history of the Qing Dynasty，Unicom spirit of the history of the Qing Dynasty，It is necessary to try to make a whole of these interactions and influence、transparent combing。Examination on mutual exchanges and influence on domestic nations，It is also necessary to understand the history of the unified national development of the nation。Internationally，China in the Qing Dynasty is not isolated in the world，Even in the state of locking the country，There is no connection between the governments or society of the foreign government or society。Bet365 lotto review China and Russia in the Qing Dynasty、Korean Peninsula、Japan、Southeast Asia，and South Asia、Many major countries in Central Asia and even Europe and the United States，Among them, there are both peace and war，both economical and cultural。Unicom spirit of the history of the Qing Dynasty，It is to make a global and transparent inspection in these areas。Unicom spirit at the international level，History thinking of Chinese history in Chinese history or global meaning of Chinese history under the global history of today's very popular global history，Is in line with。

　　The history of the "Yuantong" must be the spirit of the "round"。"Yuantong" focuses on the main body of the historian，It is the common compatibility with innovation、Historical materials and theoretical connection、Form to match the content of the content。The spirit of the so -called round history，It is the innovative spirit of the history of the history of the history family。still take the history of the Qing Dynasty as an example。Qing history research is the same as other historical problems，To absorb previous research results，Under the premise of adhering to the reliable and excellent writing，Realize new breakthroughs，or expansion、Extension，or in -depth、Fine，Eventually the saying of a family。This is Liu Zhi's "Shitong · Cai" so -called "soliciting differences，Cai Qun Qunye，Then can become one，Passing the Immortal "。This is the passage of adherence to innovation。For historical materials，Chinese official、folk，There is a Chinese text、from other ethnic characters，There are official foreign archives、folk records;，colonialism and postponomy、Historical bet365 Play online games materialism and global historical views。History must use different materials，Different theoretical perspectives，A combination of historical materials and theory。But no matter what historical materials and theoretical viewpoints are used，There is one of the most basic requirements，That is self -reality，This is the passage of historical materials and theory。Also，The content and framework of the history of the Qing Dynasty must be matched，Otherwise, there will be a meaning of losing through,，This is the issue that Zhang bet365 live casino games Xuecheng's "Culture History and History and Righteousness · Book Teaching".，Sparse，The description of ancient and modern，The scale of a book。"This is the communication between form and content。

　　Ban Shi History is a form of history，Passing with the history of the general，But this does not mean that it is incomparable with the history of history。Just the opposite，Person in the spirit，Ban Shi History can also reflect the spirit of common，Person in the spirit、Beno -pass spirit、China Unicom spirit and the spirit of Yuantong。I want，The history of the interruption of generations is the same as the history of Zhitong，You can have a vision of penetrating time、ministry -related vision、Geographic A vision、Innovation and independent vision。In terms of comprehensive and profound understanding of history，It must also be given these spiritual works of disconnected history，Otherwise, the history of the disconnection is to split historical continuity、Cut off historical correlation，In the end, you can only realize knowledge innovation on some specific and isolated issues，but cannot reach a new and fundamental new understanding。So，If bet365 best casino games the book of a broken generation can achieve the above four links，Called it as a history of Dragon Tongtong，It's all over。In short，The history of the intergeneration can and must have the spirit of "passing"。

　　(Author is the Center for History and History of History and History of Huaibei Normal University、Professor of History and Culture Tourism College)

Editor in charge: Changchang