The term "Liangbo" appears many times in historical records of the bet365 sign up offer and Song Dynasties。The specific ethnic groups referred to by "two Tibet" can be divided into broad and narrow senses。

There are three main situations of "two Tibet" in a broad sense: 1，referring to the two northwest territories，For example, "The Epitaph of Li Gong, Prince of Yiyang County of the Prime Minister" contains: "Later, both Huaien and his son were defeated，Shuofang Youzhong，The two countries in the northwest，Looking at Ziyi and falling in awe，Everything is a public policy。”About the “Two Bos” referring to the ethnic groups in the northwest，Hu Sansheng said: "If Kaiyuan、Since Tianbao，To the west is Tubo，Northern Turks。Since ZTE，The so-called two Tibetans，To the west is Tubo，Northern Huihe。"("Zi Zhi Tong Jian·Fifty Years of Tang Dynasty") Part 2，referring to Liaodong and Tibet，That is Silla、Bohai or Baekje、Korea，For example, "Old Tang Book·Mu Zongji" records: "The Pinglu army newly added the envoys of Silla, Bohai and Bohai to the army，Give a seal，An inspector is allowed。"The "Edict Ordering Zhang Jian and Others to Conquer Goryeo" contains: "Baekje Goryeo，Relying on its remoteness，Every time a soldier is moved，Invasion of Silla。...I feel deeply sorry for you，The messenger of destiny，Edict to the other two tribes，Jiu Bing Dun Hao。” (Volume 7 of "Quan Tangwen") Part Three，referring to Liaoxi and Tibet，Ji bet365 sign up offer and Khitan，For example, "Tongdian·Frontier Defense Fourteen·Tujue" contains: "In the winter of the eighth year... the East sent bet365 sign up offer、Khitan and Tibet，Looking forward to early autumn next year，Introduce Shuo Fang’s soldiers into several directions，Hiding the Turkic government tent on the Jiluo River。" "Old Book of Tang: Dezong Ji 1" records: "In the 19th year...Xuanzong sent King Zhong as the marching marshal of Hebei Province to fight against the bet365 sign up offer and Khitan tribes。”In a broad sense, “Liangbo” refers to the collective name of the two ethnic groups，Agree with both，Can be translated as "Two Tibetan Kingdoms"，No deeper meaning。

In the narrow sense, "Liangbo" refers to bet365 sign up offer and Khitan in the Tang Dynasty。"Liangbo" in this sense is not only a collective name，It is an exclusive noun。In historical records，When referring to bet365 sign up offer and Khitan，Sometimes it is directly called "Liangfan"。For example, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty said in the "Letter to Governor Li Guiguo": "I have heard that the Turks want to destroy Qing and Tibet.，First of all, please observe the strict rules for protection。" In "Reply to Zhang Jiuling He Po Turkic Review", he said: "The two Tibetans belong to me，Because of the use of imperial borders，Beibei is rampant，Want to be affectionate。"Both refer to bet365 sign up offer and Khitan with "Liangfan"。"Tongdian·Border Defense 14·Tujue" records: "Xiao Sha and others said: 'Both Tibetans are also given surnames'"，Princess Youdeshang，But according to this example，Why not？’” "New Tang Book·Pei Huaigu Biography" contains: "Ru transferred to the governor of Youzhou，Suihuai and Tibet，The general will be lifted into custody。”Also refers to bet365 sign up offer and Khitan as “Liangfan”。This is different from Silla and Bohai when referring to the Liaodong and Bohai eras，Called Silla、The Bohai Sea is the "Two Bos"，Then "Liangbo" must be prefixed with Silla、The words Bohai。Some places do not add this prefix，Silla must also appear in the previous article、Bohai。When both Silla and Silla appear in documents、Bohai and bet365 sign up offer、Khitan period，"Liangfan" became the special name of bet365 sign up offer and Khitan，Bohai and others directly stated their names。For example, the 29th year of Kaiyuan of Tang Dynasty (741)，Taking Anlu Mountain as "Two Bos"、Bohai、The Economic Envoy of the Four Prefectures of Heishui" ("Zi Zhi Tong Jian·Tang Ji Thirty"), etc.。When referring to Tibet and other Tibetans，Then add the word "Northwest" to the prefix of "Liangfan"。Hu Sansheng believes: "Those who talk about the two Tibetans in the northwest，Bie Xixi、Khitan and Tibet。"("Zizhi Tongjian·Fifty Years of Tang Dynasty")

Hu Sansheng said: "The Tang Dynasty called bet365 sign up offer"、Khitan is the two Tibetans。" ("Zi Zhi Tong Jian·Tang Ji Thirty") "Old Tang Book·Khitan Biography" also says: "The two countries often communicate with each other as the outside and the inside，No.: ‘Two Fans’。"It can be seen in the concept of people in the Tang Dynasty，"Liangfan" is synonymous with bet365 sign up offer and Khitan，To a certain extent，"Two Tibet" has become another title for bet365 sign up offer and Khitan。Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty said in the "Book of Edicts to Youzhou Jiedu Zhang Shougui": "The two Bodies have been together since the past，Auxiliary vehicles depend on each other，bet365 sign up offer Ji is injured，无码噍，Khitan is lonely and weak，How can one be safe？"One sentence explains the two-in-one relationship between bet365 sign up offer and Khitan。

"Liangbo" was the specific name for bet365 sign up offer and Khitan in the Tang Dynasty，Closely related to their ethnic identity。The formation and development of any nation are inseparable from the construction of its ethnic identity、Maintain and Strengthen，bet365 sign up offer and Khitan have experienced three adjustments to their ethnic identity。

The first time occurred around the establishment of the Northern Wei Dynasty。bet365 sign up offer and Khitan are the "lost ones" of the Eastern Xianbei Yuwen Department，With nothing to rely on due to the destruction of the Yuwen Department，Loss of ethnic belonging。And，They may be constantly attacked by Tuoba Xianbei and other forces because of their remaining status as Yuwenbu，Having to reconstruct the clan，So he called himself "Kumo bet365 sign up offer"。This self-title shows that the bet365 sign up offer people clearly identify or recall their clan。Judging from the abbreviation of Kumo bet365 sign up offer as "bet365 sign up offer" in the Sui Dynasty，The word "Cuomo bet365 sign up offer" should be based on "bet365 sign up offer"，"Cuomo" is only a modifier。This may have something in common with the formation of the names "Le Jie Qiang" and "Bei Nan Qiang"。These two groups of Qiang people are named after living in "Lejie River" and "Nanshui" respectively。“Qiang” is his clan name，“Lejie” and “Beinan” are just modifiers。When a bet365 sign up offer person calls himself "Cuomo bet365 sign up offer"，Khitan has not yet separated from it，No more clan number，That is, there is no independent group named "Khitan" at this time。The third year of the Northern Wei Dynasty (388)，Ku Moxi was defeated by Tuoba Gui。One tribe was forced to separate，We also face the problem of reconstructing ethnic origin and strengthening ethnic identity，So he called himself "Khitan" - meaning "a person similar to the bet365 sign up offer people" or "a person mixed among the bet365 sign up offer people" (written by Atago Matsuo，Translated by Xing Fuli: "Research on the Ancient History of Khitan"，Inner Mongolia People's Publishing House 1988 edition)。This self-title not only declares that the Khitan is an independent ethnic group，It also highlights the origin relationship between Khitan and bet365 sign up offer，Conducive to maintaining and strengthening the ethnic identity of the Khitan people at that time，It can also guide the tribe to establish a new ethnic consciousness。

The second time began in the Sui and Tang Dynasties，Ended in Liao Dynasty。With the increasingly close ties between Tibet and the Central Plains，The upper class has the idea of ​​integrating into the Chinese system，There is an ethnic identity and ancestral reconstruction of the two originating from Yan and Huang。This type of reconstruction may be limited to the upper classes of Tibet and Tibet，Especially the Khitan nobles who established the Liao Dynasty。As "History of Liao·Shibiao" says: "Test the Book of Yu Wen and Zhou，After Emperor Yan of Liao Dynasty，And Yeluyan called Liao Queen Xuanyuan。"The epitaph of the Tang Dynasty bet365 sign up offer man Proton Reyou contains: "The original husband Xuanqiu had a son，Shuochui Fenwang，Daixiong Liaojie，Jueyin Fanchang。” (bet365 sign up offer’an Institute of Cultural Relics Protection and Archeology: “bet365 sign up offer’an Tomb of bet365 sign up offer Zhizi Reyu, Emperor of the Tang Dynasty”，"Archaeology" Issue 10, 2014) "Xuanqiu" should refer to the Yellow Emperor，The ancestor of the bet365 sign up offer people will be traced back to the Yellow Emperor。Tracing ancestors to the Three Emperors and Five Emperors such as Yan Emperor or Huang Emperor，Common in the history of frontier nations。This kind of record about ancestors，Possibly constructed from group members，It may also have been constructed by people at that time or later generations。Take bet365 sign up offer as an example，Re’s epitaph traces his ancestor to the Yellow Emperor，One possibility is that some upper-class people are eager to integrate into the Chinese system，So reconstruct the image of your ancestors；Another possibility is that the Tang Dynasty constructed the ancestors of Reyou，And hope to embed this construction into Xiren’s concept，To win over、Influence and control the ridiculed people at the top。Judging from the fact that Reyou Tomb is almost completely transformed into a Tang tomb，The Tang Dynasty did have the intention to win over the ridicule，This does not rule out the possibility of ethnic identity。

The third time occurred in the late Tang Dynasty。The survival resources of the bet365 sign up offer people are constantly being occupied by the Khitans，The situation is very critical。When Yelu Holu persuaded King bet365 sign up offer to surrender Shuli，Said bet365 sign up offer has the same language as Khitan，"A real country"，And the two have the same ancestor "bet365 sign up offer Shou"。Under his persuasion, King bet365 sign up offer Shuli，Surrendered to Khitan，Indicates that he and the upper class society of the bet365 sign up offer people he represents agree with bet365 sign up offer and Khitan’s “realization of one country”、bet365 sign up offer Shou is said to be the same ancestor。This incident can be seen as bet365 sign up offer and Khitan jointly reconstructing or reaffirming ethnic identity。This reconstruction is based on the common language and ancestral memories of the two Tibetans and other cultural traditions，Based on real interests，It is also related to the continuous integration of the two in the Tang Dynasty。It is precisely because the relationship between bet365 sign up offer and Khitan is getting closer and closer，The lips and teeth depend on each other，Only the outside world refers to them as "Liangbo"。The title "Liangbo" represents the continuous integration between bet365 sign up offer and Khitan，And the historical trend of forming a national community。Of course，The two Tibetans did not form a new ethnic group，But with the great national integration during the Song and Yuan Dynasties，Finally become a member of the Chinese nation。

(The author is an associate professor at the School of History and Culture, Qufu Normal University)