Online literature evaluation can be roughly divided into micro、Middle viewing and macro three types of standards。Ideological (such as critical consciousness、Emotional care) and artistic (such as character creation、Language style) Micro evaluation centered on，More suitable for traditional literature，Facing the huge volume、The online literature under the sediment seems to be powerless。If online literature is regarded as a whole，From Communication、Explaining the perspective of industrial organization and media learning，This kind of non -divided genre、The macro vision of the subject matter，For the livelihood of vitality，Always bring people that can't speak and itch for itching。

The main body of online literature is online novels，Online novels exist in the form of a type of story in the network space。Works are first divided into two categories: "male direction" and "feminine"，The following contains fantasy、Fantasy、Martial arts、Xianxia、City、Reality、Military、History、Game、Sports、science fiction、Suspense and other dozen types。Therefore，The current network literature evaluation should be used in the middle view standard，Critical practice with different types of narrative routines and story mode as the core。This evaluation is based on type learning as a methodological basis，Can cross the form and content、Last time with time、Text and society，Through type recognition、narrative grammar induction and values ​​photo，Grasp the basic artistic features of each type。

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Bet365 lotto review There is a mature narrative grammar behind each type of online novels，Narrative grammar aims to establish a set of laws and symbol systems of a set of narrative common models。In terms of discussing narrative grammar，Researchers have different entry paths: Procop pays attention to character shape，He summarized 31 character functions from the Russian folk story，Discuss the rules of the story; Gramas starts from the plot，Action modes focusing on the plot of the novel，Divided it into four stages: "desire", "ability", "realizing goals" and "reward"。It is the research method of the two，Chen Pingyuan divided the narrative grammar of martial arts novels into "Waves of the End of the World", "Availability", "Swordsman" and "Sword of Sword"。

The difference between network type novels is essentially the difference in narrative grammar，Taking Internet fantasy novels and urban romance novels as examples，The former takes "upgrade" as the core，The protagonist is often in the space and space space，Constantly evolving through various forms of "golden fingers"，Finally replace growth with successful。The latter takes "love" as the core，Telling young men and women in urban workplace、Love and marriage experience on urban campuses，Set up and encounter、Misunderstanding、Conflict Structure Story，Finally, both men and women complete the test，or determine love relationship，or marry a child。Each type of online novel，One or more model works will appear，Bring relatively fixed reading expectations to readers，For example, "Xianxian" (Xiao Ding) in Xianxia novels，"Douro Continent" (Tang Family San Shao) for fantasy novels，"Full -time Master" (Butterfly Blue) is for online games novels。but，The narrative grammar brings a network type bet365 live casino games novel generation、Concred at the same time，It will inevitably cause a large number of modes、Repeated writing，That is the emergence of narrative rules，This will undoubtedly damage the freshness of the story，Caused the aesthetic fatigue of the reader。

A type of only through continuous self -update，can maintain healthy development。There are two types of innovation methods，Internal internal novels，Update the original narrative mode、Routine is a common method。Such as online historical novels，overhead history is a transcendence of historical novels for historical novels，Crossing、The emergence of rebirth is a breakthrough in the inherent routine，Rebuilding flow、The generation of waste wood flow，The protagonist is absolutely intensive、Active positive image setting，Bring a strange reading experience to readers。At the same time，"Breaking the circle" is another effective way to break the narrative rules。A certain type of online novels absorb other types of quality，After effective integration, it will bring a lot of new ideas，Writing strategies for this kind of narrative can effectively expand the reader group，Join martial arts in online military novels、Romance elements，can be cold、Cruel war adds a touch of tenderness。"Breaking the circle" can also be innovated on the basis of horizontal reference，Like a fan novel、Online game novels、Light novels and other two -dimensional novels，It is not in traditional popular literature，But can be from Europe and the United States、Find the root in Japanese literature and culture。

　Inheritance and development of cultural core

Network literature inherits the folk characteristics of traditional popular literature and secular communication，Literary deficiencies can not cover up the richness of the culture behind the text。Bet365 lotto review There is a clear relationship between the type and culture，That is, almost every type of novel has its unique "cultural core"。Whether it's Xian Xia、、History、Romance and other networks "Volkswagen"，Still spiritual horror、Detective reasoning and other networks "niche texts"，"Cultural Core" can be easily refined。For example，Xiandao Culture、Chivalrous Spirit is the "cultural core" of Internet Xianxia novels，In novels such as "Xianxian", "Xianlu Smooth Dust", "The Legend of the Sword", "Mortal Cultivation of Immortals" and other novels，We can see the Xunxian visits、Rivers and Lakes Kill，can find a magic weapon again、Lingshi、Mantra、Cultural symbols such as fairyware，The key is that the writers grabbed the Xiandao、​​The essence of chivalry culture: romantic and free、Unrestrained "Fairy" and the heroes of the heroes、"Xiaqi" who rescue the dangerous and helps the sleepy "。In online history novels，Patriotism、Pioneering spirit is its common "cultural core"，Personalized interpretation in the context of different times。The Spiritual Terror Novels in the Little Crimine，Shang inherit "Searching God", "Spirit and Ghosts"，Under "Liao Zhai Zhi Yi", "Reading Cottage Notes"，Witch Ghost Tradition、Shinto culture always runs through it。

Due to the relationship between type and culture，We must accurately distinguish、Based on the induction，Value judgment of the culture contained in different types。Some novels are too pursuing entertainment、Consumption，and porn、Violence and feudal ideology and culture are closely related，Damage to the spiritual character of this type of novel，Obstructing its healthy development。Take online detective novels as an example，It is deeply influenced by traditional Bet365 lotto review Chinese case novels，Cultural and moral concepts such as "cause and effect retribution", "Qingtian (Qing Guan) psychology", "wicked obscenity", "emphasis on human governance" and other cultural moral concepts，Seriously restricted modern transformation，As a result, this type does not "borrow the net"，The influence is not as good as before。So，We need to guide appropriately、Reform Volkswagen Culture，Will with the times、Reality is closely linked。

Since 2014，The country has begun to promote the creation of "positive energy" and "mainstream"，and achieved gratifying results: a class of works high、magnificent momentum，Such as "Dajiang East", "The Road to Revival", "Hog", etc.，Relying on the grand narrative to reproduce the blue wrap of reform and opening up，praise the aggressiveness and self -improvement of the Chinese nation。Another type of work is closely linked to real life，I really practiced "the article is together and is at time，Singing Poetry Complex "。where，Poverty Alleviation support novels and "anti -epidemic literature" are the most representative: "Mingyue Guanshan", "The Call of the Garden", "My Prairie Starlight Bright" and other works to go deep into the front line of poverty alleviation，shaped a large number of ideals、Era youth in the era of hard work，Show the authors of online novels and awareness of responsibility。Facing the turbulent new crown virus，"See Spring", "Republic Medicine", "White Armor Armor" and other anti -epidemic -resistant online literature works are born in time，Life Life、Acura Dedication。Under the call of the culture of the times，Real theme online novels promote the core values ​​of Chinese spirit and socialism，presents a "prosperous weather" -the vitality and optimistic spiritual style。

　The establishment and breakthrough of the business model

The survival mode of online literature affects online literature evaluation，​​Different mechanism modes cannot be separated from the production space of type novels。At the beginning of the birth of online literature，The network space is just the writer pursuing "Literature Dream"、Spatial field of venting emotions，Under the banyan tree, the "Edit Review" mode was established at this time。In this mode，The main form of online literature is poetry、Prose and short stories。，The "Jugu Mountain Forest" mode represented by the Tianya Forum attaches importance to the fans' gathering effect，"History of cooking wine", "Dancewen", "Lotus Peng Ghost" and other sectors gathered a large number of writers、Reader，Effective combination of online serialization and offline publishing。But over time，The business of online literature is continuously enhanced，Business websites led by the starting point to implement the "VIP Paid Subscription" mode，This mode has been further consolidated with the development of IP copyright afterwards，Type novels as the mainstream of online literature。

In recent years，Online literature has reached an important point of mode transformation，Online literature from the consensus from demand to quality improvement basically reached。For example，Douban.com launched the "Douban Reading" digital publishing platform in 2011，Encourage the original with various forms of competition and audiovisual simultaneous development、Digging newcomers。Short -term novels have been re -valued，Suspense、Inference and other novel novels are developing well。Another，"Free Mode" is also leverage the original charging mode，Free reading platforms like "Tomato Novels" are rising rapidly。During bet365 live casino games the transformation process，The profit method of large to online literature，Small to the narrative process of the work，All changes in major changes。

Establishing from barbaric growth to business model，The form of online literature has changed significantly，Evaluation standards also change with this。How to optimize the relationship between the type of online literature and evaluation，Find a more inclusive evaluation method，This is worth thinking about every online literature researcher。

(This article is the Study Research on the Construction of China Network Literature Evaluation System (18zda283) in the National Social Science Fund major project)

(Author Unit: School of Literature, Anhui University)