I mainly want to talk about bet365 bonus bets aesthetics from the perspective of the differences between China and the West。

bet365 bonus bets is a discipline that belongs to the category of philosophy or cognition。Everyone knows，bet365 bonus bets as part of the humanities，Originally established by Western scholars。Although today’s aesthetic system has become universal and common，But because natural sciences and humanities are both products of Western culture，So the concepts and categories of bet365 bonus bets are mainly based on specific European traditions，Influenced by preferences from Europe and of course increasingly from the Americas。If we look at it according to European standards，China itself actually has no bet365 bonus bets，This requires us to have a certain understanding of the cross-cultural phenomenon of bet365 bonus bets。

When we are facing another cultural phenomenon，Must maintain critical self-reflection。Some content looks similar but is actually completely different，Because the environment and background are different，So we must clearly show the environment and background when discussing，The environment and background here are the so-called culture。What exactly is culture？It can be the language we speak，But it is more of a symbolic aesthetic orientation，That is, the cultural framework constructed by myths, legends and characters，For example, how do we view literature、Art、Religion and Philosophy。Give an example，In the West we may quote Kant、Hegel or Goethe，In bet365 bonus bets you will quote Confucius、Su Shi or Du Fu，This is the basis of any kind of cultural identity。

Now let’s officially talk about bet365 bonus bets。In European cultural tradition，We have systematically discussed the artistic bet365 bonus bets derived from the senses，And this is exactly what bet365 bonus bets is about。Especially in Germany in the 18th century，Baumgarden is born、The founders of modern bet365 bonus bets such as Kant and Schiller。And in China，Replaced by unsystematic works，bet365 bonus bets has never been a topic of discussion。Opposite，People pay more attention to the discussion of the nature of art，The medium to express beauty is usually poetry，This is why many poetic works about poetry and art were born。This is very different from European tradition。

China’s traditional aesthetics is actually a re-creation of the Western culture introduced to China at the end of the 19th century，It is a review of previous bet365 bonus bets art and literature from a modern perspective，This has also become a special way for China to explore the nature of artistic or literary creation。In a narrow sense, it means poetry、Calligraphy、Mainly in the form of painting，In a broad sense, it also involves architecture、Pottery、Bronze、Music、Martial Arts、Gardens, etc.。Of course，It is difficult to find common characteristics among the above three fields，However, poetry and calligraphy and painting (the most important literati arts) still have something in common。

In the field of Western bet365 bonus bets，Beauty is a very important role，Opposite，There is no concept of beauty in Confucianism，People lack discussion on beauty，Only thinking that beauty is an external expression，Not as valuable as the moral content。The beauty of literature and art is even called "vulgar"，With some negative connotations，For example, some synonyms of beauty: Hua、丽、Yan、美、POSITION、Color, etc.。But in early Confucian classics，For example, in "Mencius"，Beauty also means goodness，This actually coincides with the concept of ancient Greece。Beauty is rarely mentioned in Taoist thought，There is a saying in the "Tao Te Ching": "Everyone in the world knows that beauty is beauty，Sixth Already。”That is to say，In reality, beauty and ugliness are relative，So neither is advisable。

Next，Let’s understand the linguistic roots of bet365 bonus bets aesthetics, especially literary aesthetics, from a linguistic perspective。Everyone knows，In bet365 bonus bets，Written language is based on a single bet365 bonus bets character，Each word has a separate pronunciation，And bet365 bonus bets characters originated from hieroglyphs，That is, creating words through imagery。Also，Another characteristic of traditional classical bet365 bonus bets，It is its semantic openness。We have to understand based on our own subjectivity，Even “philosophical” texts，Sometimes I also speak through imagery。The reason why it has such unique characteristics，Due to the particularity of bet365 bonus bets language and writing。It is precisely because of this particularity，Only in order to be concise and clear、Neat and standardized sentence structure。bet365 bonus bets people tend to form a confrontational structure in their writing，This is not found in Western languages。We will use parallelism，But it’s different from this kind of confrontation。Behind this tendency is the theory of yin and yang in bet365 bonus bets thought。Yin-Yang theory believes that everything in the world is composed of two opposing forces，Yin and Yang，There is no conflict between the two，But mutual constraints、Complementing each other。This is actually a special mode of perceiving the world，Aiming to find balance among all things，Look at everything comprehensively rather than in isolation，To achieve a harmonious state between opposites。Under the influence of Yin and Yang theory，People are increasingly fond of using battles，Sentences must be one-to-one correspondence，That is, the Yin sentence versus the Yang sentence。

Based on this, we can summarize the characteristics of traditional bet365 bonus bets aesthetics。First，The biggest feature of traditional bet365 bonus bets aesthetics is the absorption of Confucian and Taoist ideas，Tend towards balance and harmony。Second，Art and literature are always connected with morality，This is the so-called "writing to carry the Tao"。Third，Poetic expression through imagery，For example, "meaning between the lines"。Fourth，Focus on naturalness，The pursuit of "art without art"，For example, in "The Cooking Ding Jie Niu" in "Zhuangzi", "Advancement is almost a matter of skill"，There is also the "impossible method" proposed by Shi Tao，The thought of "the ultimate Dharma"。Fifth，Emphasis on the need for artists and writers to study and practice diligently，You have to endure hardship，Study vigorously，Expand your horizons，Only in this way can we achieve the state of perfection。

Let’s take a look at bet365 bonus bets modern aesthetics，In the process of competition between China and Western ideological trends，Aesthetics assumes special functions。

　For bet365 bonus bets scholars，Aesthetics is a treasure trove of new ideas。In Aesthetics，It becomes possible to integrate foreign ideas and culture with our own traditions，When the bet365 bonus bets began to define their relationship with Western countries in the early 20th century，They believe that their culture essentially belongs to the category of aesthetics。Wang Guowei was one of the pioneers at that time，He is an early representative figure who integrated Eastern and Western ideas，He is very familiar with the ideas of Schopenhauer and Kant，And created a basic aesthetic concept in the 20th century, namely "artistic conception" or "realm"，Refers to the perfect blend of artistic concepts and specific scenes。Important researchers of bet365 bonus bets aesthetics basically agree that the most important feature of traditional bet365 bonus bets aesthetics is actually such a consciousness，That is, "Aesthetic realm is the most noble in life、The most noble pursuit”。Liu Gangji also believes in the formation of modern bet365 bonus bets aesthetics，To a large extent, it was influenced by German idealism。Due to language barrier and other reasons，The lineage of German aesthetics from Baumgarten to Kant and then to Marx，It took about a hundred years to spread to China。Therefore，Modern bet365 bonus bets aestheticians focus on categories derived from European history but missing from bet365 bonus bets artistic thought，Like beauty and tragedy。

bet365 bonus bets aesthetics is also closely related to cultural identity。In the self-perception of bet365 bonus bets people in the early 20th century，Western culture is shaped by Christianity，bet365 bonus bets culture is shaped by aesthetics。For example，Cai Yuanpei’s “Replacing Religion with Aesthetic Education”，Lin Yutang proposed that "poetry may well be called the religion of the bet365 bonus bets"。So aesthetics is to understand “Chineseness”、Important content of bet365 bonus bets identity。China in the 1980s，There was also a wave of aesthetic craze，This is almost unimaginable in the West。

Then，How does the West understand bet365 bonus bets aesthetics？In the 18th to early 19th centuries，The West has only a superficial understanding of bet365 bonus bets paintings (prints) and literature (almost excluding any classical poetry)。bet365 bonus bets classical poetry at that time，Including Du Fu、Tang poetry represented by Li Bai and others，None of them translated into Western languages ​​yet。But Westerners have a superficial understanding of bet365 bonus bets aesthetics，However, at that time, Western modern paintings such as Impressionism、Art Nouveau had a great influence。bet365 bonus bets poetry also had a certain influence on American Imagists such as Pound。But not only did we not have the relevant text at that time，Still ignorant of the philosophical background of bet365 bonus bets aesthetics。Let me give you a typical example，Hegel has a comment on bet365 bonus bets art，He believes that the bet365 bonus bets nation has extraordinary ability to imitate，Not only reflected in their daily life，Also used in artistic creation。How to present beauty in a beautiful form，China is not good at this，Because there is no perspective or shadow in their paintings。This is obviously a lack of understanding of bet365 bonus bets art and aesthetics，This is a classic example of the ignorance and arrogance of European culture。

To summarize，There is ignorance and misunderstanding in the process of mutual understanding between East and West，Especially Western countries know very little about China，I don’t have a deep understanding of bet365 bonus bets aesthetics。bet365 bonus bets aesthetics and Western aesthetics are actually very different，Because they belong to different philosophical reference systems，In order to form a correct understanding of each other's art，You have to understand these backgrounds。Therefore，There are similarities but completely different differences between bet365 bonus bets aesthetics and Western aesthetics。

　(The author is a professor at the University of Trier, Germany)