Since the end of the 19th century，A significant reduction in the life of human life and the significant reduction of fertility，The two superimposed on the two make the global population age structure tend to be aging。This population is unprecedented in any country and region，The difference is only in the morning and evening of the presentation and the emergency of the process。2015，There are 115 countries and regions around the world that have not entered the aging stage，But by 2050，This number may drop sharply to 33。China has stepped into aging society since 2000，The level of population aging continues to increase。2010 "Liu Pu" data display，60 years old and above、65 years old and above accounted for the total population of the population to 13.3%and 8.9%, respectively; by 2020, "Seven Pu"，reaches 18.7%and 13.5%, respectively，Among them, the size of the population 60 and above exceeds 264 million 。Not only that，The growth rate of the elderly population is significantly faster than the growth rate of the total population，and the growth rate of the elderly population at 80 and above is significantly faster than the general elderly population。It is expected to be 2050，China ’s 60 -year -old population and the elderly population of 80 or more will be close to 500 million and more than 100 million respectively。The inevitable result of the conversion of the population model model of population，Population aging will continue for a long time and irreversible，In particular, "longevity aging" represented by the general extension of the population life (also known as "top aging"Bet365 app download )，is gradually replacing the "young child aging" (also known as "bottom aging" marked by the lower fertility rate).。The longevity of individuals and the aging of the population，It is normalization in contemporary society，It can even be regarded as one of the characteristics of social development。

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Based on the international community's understanding of human life extension and aging development, it is continuously deepened，The World Health Organization (WHO) proposed the concept framework of "Healthy Ageing" in the 1990s，"Development and Maintenance of the Function of the Life in the Healthy and Happy Life of the Elderly"。With the continuous development of research and practice，Its connotation and extension are constantly changing，The elderly must not only live healthy，Also participate in family and social activities under the situation of power to fully show value。WHO in 2002 proposed "active aging"，That is "increase health as much as possible、The process of participating and guaranteeing opportunities，To improve the quality of life of people when people old age "，The United Nations has promoted it as a global action framework and continuously developing。"Active aging" is undoubtedly based on "healthy aging"，Develop "Health -Guarantee -Participation" three pillars，Reflects the deepening of the international community's cognition of aging governance。Effective "participation" must be based on "health" and "guarantee"，and the results of "participation" at the same time are based on better "health" and "guarantee" as the appeal。This aspect makes "active aging" no longer limited to the elderly group and become a topic of life cycle of all population; on the other hand,，For the elderly group，"Active aging" not only attaches bet365 live casino games importance to "old -fashioned" or "old -fashioned"，More emphasis on "old use", "old something" and "old joy"。It is not difficult to see，"Healthy aging" focuses on the continuation of growth，Emphasizing the life ability of his old age depends on the accumulation of early life; "active aging" emphasizes participation，It makes aging response to the theme of the participation of the whole people。These goals obviously cannot be achieved by only paying attention to the social policy of the elderly。The health and health care expenditure of the elderly，Often, you can often invest in healthy investment and life of young people、The change of behavioral methods will be improved; the pension problem of the elderly，It also needs to be relieved by improving the labor productivity of young people and the economic participation of promoting the elderly's labor force。Individuals have different potential plasticity at different ages，Groups of different ages must be continuously selected and compensated to promote the practical development of society through continuous selection and compensation。

"Active aging" and "Healthy Aging" have become the most consensus framework for the international community。On this basis，WHO further integrates the concept of "Age-Friendly World"。Actually，More accurate translation as "all -age friendly world"，The connotation of the current translation method is based on "elderly friendship" and core。In research practice，More called "elderly friendly society" or "Age-Friendly Society"，That is a society that people of all ages can actively participate in and are respected; a society that makes the elderly easier to connect with them; help the elderly to maintain healthy vitality as much as possible，and provide a society that appropriate support for the elderly who need care Bet365 app download and help。The Chinese government responded to the "elderly friendly society" or "full -age friendly society" earlier，Even the macro governance concepts such as "harmonious society", "tolerance growth", "co -construction, common governance sharing" also cover their logical connotation。As the population ages become a new basic national conditions in China，The importance of governance continues to upgrade: Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 2019、The State Council issued the "National Active Coperly Copy for Population Aging Medium- and Long -term Plan".，A recommendations of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Fifth Five -Year Plan for the Development of the National Economic and Social Development in the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 2020 "is also clearly required to" implement active response to implementation National Strategy of Population Aging "，It reflects the highest level of national will and development needs，It has become one of the core areas and themes of the country's modernization。

　Forms the characteristics of Chinese elderly social governance

In essence，The different ages of life are interrelated、The process of overlapping each other。The development of the individual's various capabilities at all stages of its life cycle is unbalanced，No all capabilities in the ages are high or low，No ability has been rising or declining in the process of human development。Individual aging is a gradual、The process of varying from person to person，between individual individuals、There are significant heterogeneity at different time points between elderly groups。Today's elderly population subject is exhibited many completely different features from the past elderly population bet365 live casino games subjects，And this difference may become more significant due to the addition of the "baby tide" crowd in the 1950s。Only the stages of individual development are connected with the level of population structure to consider，can we consolidate the foundation of effective governance of aging society。When our public policy no longer mechanically draws the "elderly" and "supporter"，The consciousness of people's self -reliance may be enhanced、Bad lifestyle may be reduced、The average health level may increase，The cost of social operation can be reduced，to form a good environment that actively responds to aging。Not only that，Entering the elderly does not necessarily mean recession and pain，The elderly population contains huge、Continuous expansion、Human resources and social capital available for development，And our existing institutional arrangements have limited the play of these resources。Of course you must point out，Not all elderly people are suitable for delaying retirement，The way for the elderly to participate in social development also not only includes employment。But it is undeniable that，Employment is one of the best ways for people to participate in social development，And in the context of social governance innovation, the work that elderly people can flexibly employment、Some unparalleled volunteers and even some family labor are also included in the category of "employment"。The elderly are not all the objects of the support，They are not only consumers，and the same producer，It is the creator of history。One of the focus of social governance innovation in aging，It is the coordination of these characters。

At the same time，We always emphasize that people can always use their potential and participate in development in our lives，It is also necessary to make it full bet365 live casino games protection and care。Especially for the elderly，Although its health level continues to increase，But its policy value still needs to be excavated，Effective control of social costs。2010，The surplus of the 60 -year -old and older men in my country is 20.04 years and 23.14 years.，Life is expected to live for 17.22 years，The average survival time with residual residues is about 2.53 years，Compared with 2000, it has improved steadily。Increasing population life will also generate costs and pressures while bringing benefits，that is, "Cost of Success" and even "Failure of Success"，and the existing social governance mode，It has not yet effectively excavated the reality of the health level of the elderly population in my country，The pressure on it has not responded in time。This particularly reflects the lag of social security system and the development of the elderly with science and technology，and may form the so -called "longevity risk" problem。These uncertainty will accompany the governance process of Chinese aging society for a long period of time，Effective control of it and deal with it reasonably。

History has been repeatedly proved，Opportunities often coexist with challenges。If we use an innovative and open framework to look at the governance of human life extension and population aging，So the urgent urgent work is not too worried about the care cost of modern society，Instead, let the society act in all levels of society，Re -understand the concept of the elderly and aging society，and use this as the starting point of social governance。The United Nations has established a society that establishes a society that is "shared regardless of age" as the theme of the "Year of the International Elderly"，This advocates the tolerance and equality of society，Everyone gives everyone a chance。and the "elderly friendly bet365 live casino games society" with Chinese characteristics in the new era，The increase in this basis emphasizes "no distinction between people to build, co -governance sharing"。This not only contains the purpose and framework of Chinese aging social governance innovation，It is the only way to realize the modernization of state and social governance，and will provide vivid annotations and innovative cases for "comprehensive development of people"。

(Author Unit: Fudan University Aging Research Institute)