The research on the history of Chinese civilization has always been the most concerned research topic in Chinese archeology。Diligence exploration of several generations of archaeological people，Especially since entering the 21st century，With the implementation of the "China Civilization Source Project" with multiple stages，Research on the origin of Chinese civilization continues to deepen、Outstanding results，Visible History of Millions of Human Humans in my country、History of 10,000 years of culture、History of civilization for more than 5,000 years。but，Chinese civilization is extensive and profound、Yuanyuan Flow，The historical research of civilization is still far away。Where，The formation of civilization is a long -term complex and magnificent process。At the beginning of civilization、Before birth，There must be a social complexity and civilization gradually sprout、Generate、The evolution process of development。After determining the history of civilization for more than 5,000 years，The foundation and origin process of tracing the formation of civilization，It should be a major content of the historical research of Chinese civilization。Recently, the archeological discovery and research progress of Yangshao culture recently provided an important opportunity for the discussion of related issues。

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Yangshao Culture is an important Neolithic culture with the main distribution area in the middle of the Yellow River.。This archeological culture is the earliest discovery of my country、The most excavated site、Vast cultural area、Live time、rich connotation、New Stone Culture, which affects far -reaching new stone artifacts，About 7000-4700 years away from today，represents a very important development stage in the Neolithic era。As the largest distribution range in my country、Archaeological culture of more than 10 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities，Yangshao Culture in different periods、Different types or cultures can be divided into different types in different areas。So，Yangshao Culture is a huge cultural bush or cultural system，It has an irreplaceable important position in prehistoric archeology research。

As far as the history of Chinese archeology bet365 live casino games is concerned,，There is an important opinion of the archeological industry，Different from academic goals，Prehistoric archeology research can be roughly divided into two sections of the front and rear in the 1980s and 1990s，Research was mainly based on the architectural cultural system，The height of recovery or reconstruction of history since then。(Zhao Hui: "Research on the Origin of the Origin of Chinese Civilization"，"Ancient Civilization" Volume 2，Cultural Relics Publishing House 2003) The birth of Chinese archeology in the 1920s，So far until the 1980s，That is the above -mentioned previous stage，The main archaeological practice and most important archeological discoveries are in the Yellow River Basin。So，Yangshao Culture, especially its characteristics and staging spectrum，It has long been the main content and central topic of archeology research in the Neolithic Times of China，Related research results often drive the research and cognition of prehistoric culture in my country，Even the development of Chinese archeology。In the last stage of the above，that is, since the 1990s，Because it has built a relatively complete development sequence and a clearer cultural connotation,，Yangshao Culture has become a higher goal of recovering Chinese prehistoric history through settlement archeology、Carrying out one of the most ideal major new stone culture in prehistoric social complexity and civilization research。

In the development stage of Yangshao Culture，The more common point of view in the past is，Banpo, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province、Site of Sanmenxia Temple Dougou in Sanmenxia, ​​Henan Province，As early as Yangshao、mid -term、The third phase of the late representative。In recent years，With the increase of materials and the in -depth research，We tend to divide the Yangshao culture into the first、Early、Middle、Four periods in the evening，That is before the Pentap period，Initial initials represented by the Shanxi Provincial Yicheng Zaoyuan site。But from the overall social development status of Yangshao Culture，The initial stage of Yangshao culture、Early in the early stage, it belonged to a large stage，It can be temporarily referred to as early in Yangshao。Due to the longer time of Yangshao culture，For more than 2,000 years before and after，Early、Middle、There is a large difference in social development in each period of every period。In terms of social complexity，Research in the past more involved in Yang Shaozhong、Discussion in advanced society。Actually，bet365 best casino games Yangshao's early culture and society have made great development，At this time, the earliest obvious social classification phenomenon in China has appeared，This has created a new and magnificent journey of the origin of Chinese civilization。

　Highlighting achievements and social differentiation

Yangshao Culture, which is about 7000-5800 years ago, was in the most popular stage of the new world warmth period，The climate in most parts of China is warm and humid，The superior water and heat conditions provided a good foundation for the development of agricultural economy and settlement, which mainly dominated by Yangshao in the early days。During this period, Yangshao Culture is mainly related to zero mouth in the central region、Banpo type，Xia Panwang、Post -post type，Shi Gu in central and southern Yu、Xiawanggang type，Zaoyuan, Jinnan, western Henan Province、Dongzhuang type, etc.。

Existing archeological data display，After the evolution of Pei Li Gang culture to Yangshao Culture，The Central Plains has entered a stable development stage for more than 2,000 years。Yangshao Culture Basic inheritance in each region，The later period is continuous development based on the previous period，Among them、In the early and mid -term, the continuous rise of the culture。According to previous excavations and research results, we can know，Guanzhong Weihe Basin Yangshao early settlement developed，Exposes a relatively complete settlement structure in Lintong Jiangzhai and Banpo ruins in Shaanxi Province，Large scale，All are carefully planned ring settlements，The internal function partition of the settlement in the trench circle is clear，The residential group consisting of a large room and next to many small rooms next to the center and next to the side of the number of small rooms is enclosed in a circle in an orderly manner，All the door facing the central government，presents a strong condensate、The characteristics of the heart -to -heart type。Except for the neat lifestyle inside the settlement，The tomb area outside the ring is also consciously planned，Tome arranges in order。Although the tombs buried in this period are diverse，Including single burial、Complete burial、One burial、Secondary funeral and other burials，But the adult deceased is buried in a public cemetery、Die children buried in the form of a coffin in the form of a coffin, etc. The funeral customs near the house are the principles of most settlements.，Multi -person secondary burial should be the remains of those who died in the settlement for a long bet365 best casino games time.。Other areas are also basically characteristic for such settlement layout，The site of the Xin'anhuangpo site in Henan Province, which belongs to the Luohe River Basin, is also composed of the living storage area and the outer pottery and the tomb area on the inside of the ring.。From this，To a certain extent, it reflects the stable and internal social life of the settlement of the settlement at this stage。

In recent years，A series of technologies of cutting -edge natural sciences such as molecular biology are used in archeological research，greatly promoted people's cognition of ancient technological achievements。Analysis of the residue in the small mouth of the small mouth，In the early Guanzhong Polygonum Poor of Yangshao Culture、Jiangzhai and Western Henan Lingbao City Tobacco Sites have found evidence left by Gu Yajiu，It means that brewing activities have been popular。In the small mouth tip of the small mouth tip of the city smoke site，The order of the square crystal crystal shows that the temperature of this utensil is more than 50 ℃ —25 ℃ during the brewing process，Inserting the growth temperature of microorganisms such as yeast during brewing。Micro -body fossils and features extracted from the scale，These scale is formed during the brewing process，This reflects early in Yangshao Culture，The ancestors of the city smoke site have mastered the mature wine control technology。The residual information of the early silk fabrics of Yangshao was detected in the coffin of the urban smoke site.，I found the artwork of stone carving silkworm cocoons，At the same period of the Shanxi Province, the Shanxian Village site in Shanxi Province also found a number of stone carvings and ceramic cricket image cultural relics，It indicates that the early mulberry industry in Yangshao has developed significantly，It laid a solid foundation for the development of ancient Chinese silk civilization，So as a solid material proof，Silk hair originated from my country，It is a great contribution made by ancient China to humans。These findings，Reflects the social development of the rich and diverse agricultural settlement life in Yangshao。

It is worth paying special attention to，Recently in the city of cigarette、Division Village ruins have been found in the city walls and cities of Yangshao (the former clearly belongs to the early stages of Yangshao)，Settlement defense color is stronger，It can be seen that the Yellow River Basin has begun to build a city site about 6500 years ago，I took a solid first step on the urban bet365 Play online games and rural areas，This shows that the differences between the city sites and the general settlement in some areas of Yangshao in the early days，Differential departure between settlements。

As early as the 1980s，In the rescue of the Xishuipo site of Puyang, the northeast of Henan Province, it was excavated and unearthed.。Among them, the first group of mussel plastic patterns are found in the tomb，The owner of the tomb is located in the center of the mussel plastic pattern，East is Dragon，West is a tiger，A pair of tibia and mussel shells of Northern Renren are composed of triangles.。The second group of patterns are dragon、Tiger、Deer and Spider。The third group of patterns are people riding dragons and tigers。The human bone of special tombs is intercepted with double tibia。Gusco Plastic patterns and special tombs are lined up from south to north in a plane，Location is consistent，The same age。Cusp plastic patterns are found，The nature of the academic world、Usage has started a fierce discussion，may be considered to be a relic left by a large sacrifice activity; or it is considered a dragon、Tiger、The artistic image of the deer is the dragon and tiger deer Sanji in ancient Chinese primitive Taoism (Zhang Guangzhi: "The Mother and the Mother of the Mother and the Mother of the Ancient Chinese Arts and the Ancient Chinese Arts"，"Cultural Relics", No. 11, 1988)，Far in the early stages of Yangshao in my country, there have been germination of primitive Taoist concepts in China;，reflecting the highly developed knowledge system at that time、Thoughts、Agricultural Time Consciousness、Religion and the King rights system (Feng Shi: "Research on Astronomical Research on the Tomb 45 Tomb of Xishui Po, Puyang, Henan"，"Cultural Relics", No. 3, 1990)。We from settlement archeology、The angle of social differentiation can be known，At least there was a rich connotation like the site at that time、The difference between the settlement of special relics and other ordinary settlements，and the owner of the large tomb of Dragon Tiger、The general civilians in the small tomb are different from those who are intercepted as a special tomb.，Different from the settlement room，Social members start class differentiation。

From the above settlement materials and important cultural phenomena，Early Yangshao Culture has a stable agricultural settlement society，Significant technical progress。In some areas of the Central Plains area, the earliest urban defense system in China has appeared to date，A bet365 Play online games difference between class and identity between members of society，Signs of layering in the society，A variety of evidences show that Yangshao earlier in the early cultural districts of Chinese historic history、Civilized phenomenon，Civilized Morning Early exposure。

　New process of creating civilized origin

Current archeological evidence display，At the earlier 8500-7000 years ago, the Pei Ligang culture period was about 8500-7000 years ago，The settlement of the Central Plains is still equal to society。but，Some sites have appeared different economic and technical、Cultural achievements and civilized factors。For example，Henan Province Wuyang Jiahu site unearthed with primitive cultivation rice physical objects、pork bone、Dogs for sacrifice、Bone Flute、Carving symbol、Buried into a group of turtle shells、Alcohol and silk residues，Xiping Xie Laozhuang site unearthed with large -scale animal head sculptures and the earliest water wells in East Asia。These important discoveries and ritual and music、Divination、Sacrifice and other basic characteristics of Chinese civilization is closely related。Visible，This period has appeared more advanced and complex technical knowledge、Music Art、Fashion etiquette、Thoughts、Religious consciousness and the traditional trend of people's behavior and social customs。

Based on the early development of Yangshao，Central Plains to Yangshao mid -term culture and settlement are the most prosperous，and reach the peak。The appearance of the Yangshao Cultural Distribution Area is unprecedented，Strong radiation at the same time，It has a huge impact on the surrounding culture，It is its great development and expansion stage，Social complexity process acceleration，Civilization is significantly present，Some researchers believe that cultural "early China" has appeared。(Han Jianye: "The Earlier China: The Formation of Multi -One Early China"，"Central Plains Cultural Relics" 2019, No. 5) Social complexity in the late stages of Yangshao is further developed，Highlights of cultural and social development in the northwest of Zhengzhou，Especially the discovery of the Shuang locust tree site has become an important evidence of more than 5,000 years of civilization in the Central Plains region。(Wang Wei: "Archaeological Evidences of Civilization of more than 5000 years"，"Seeking" No. 2, 2020) Ultra -large settlement and Xishan、Dahe Village、Political entities represented by the ancient city site of the site of the military platform，At this time, bet365 Play online games it should have entered the threshold of civilized society，Become one of the earliest regional civilizations in China。

I can see it clearly from the above sorting out，As far as current archeological materials are concerned，Pei Li Gang's cultural period is mainly the material accumulation stage of prehistoric society，It is technical knowledge、The foundation stage of etiquette art and ideological consciousness，To Yangshao Culture、Late civilization develops more，Gradual regional civilization。Early early Yangshao Culture，It is an important stage of the evolution of the basic equal society before to the beginning of settlement and social class differentiation，Social progress acceleration，As a result, the civilization of the Central Plains region officially opened。Early Yangshao Culture in the prehistoric of Chinese prehistoric social complexity and civilization phenomenon，in the critical period of discussing the transformation of prehistoric social development，It is the main part of the early days of civilization，Created a new and magnificent process of the origin of Chinese civilization。So，It should be an important object that needs to attach full attention to and in depth in the future.。

(The author is a researcher at Henan Provincial Cultural Relics and Archeology Research Institute、Director of the Chinese Archaeological Society)