bet365 bonus code louisiana productivity is an important concept put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping under the great changes in the world unseen in a century。Discussing bet365 bonus code louisiana productivity，Should not be limited to bet365 bonus code louisiana energy、bet365 bonus code louisiana material、Advanced Manufacturing、Electronic information and other strategic emerging industries and future industries，We should start from the underlying logic of innovation and development，Focus on how emerging technologies and emerging industries form and develop productivity，Thus promoting the steady growth and transformation of China’s economy。Cultivation of bet365 bonus code louisiana productive forces，We need to have a deep understanding of the major background of China’s current dual economic transformation，We need to fully understand the basic relationship between cutting-edge technologies and existing industries in innovative development，We need to change our development thinking and economic policy thinking。

　In line with the dual bet365 bonus code louisiana needs of China’s economy

The introduction of the concept of bet365 bonus code louisiana productivity，Profoundly highlights China’s most important economic dual transformation background。The first priority is the transformation of the domestic economic development model，That is, the high-quality development transformation that our country has firmly embarked on since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of my country。After more than 70 years of accumulation，Our country has formed the largest and most complete industrial system in the world，But with the improvement of economic development level and changes in the domestic and foreign environment，my country needs to get rid of the traditional model of economic growth that is highly dependent on factors，Shifting to driving economic growth through innovation，Let the market play a decisive role in resource allocation，Building an “engine” for high-quality development。The second level is the transformation of international political and economic relations。In the current fierce strategic competition among major powers，Facing the “decoupling and disconnection” and “de-risking” of Western countries，Our country urgently needs to get rid of the long-term "bullishness" in technology and market，The economic cycle model in which industry and innovation collaboration faces a “stuck” dilemma。This requires that our country must rely on technological self-reliance and self-reliance to develop and expand internal circulation，And jointly build a bet365 bonus code louisiana development pattern through domestic and international dual cycles of mutual promotion，Ensuring that our country’s development is based on greater security、On a more reliable basis。

The background of dual transformation determines that bet365 bonus code louisiana productive forces are becoming the "transmission shaft" that promotes the profound transformation of China's economy，And this is not just about technological breakthroughs、Departmental policies that emphasize bet365 bonus code louisiana technologies and bet365 bonus code louisiana industries can achieve this。Developing bet365 bonus code louisiana productive forces requires activating existing domestic technologies and industries and other extensive resources，Create self-evolution、The innovation power of self-iteration function，Thus enhancing bet365 bonus code louisiana momentum for my country’s high-quality development，Form a bet365 bonus code louisiana pattern of comprehensive opening up。

　　To serve most industries as the bet365 bonus code louisiana approach

The core of bet365 bonus code louisiana productivity should be bet365 bonus code louisiana technologies、bet365 bonus code louisiana industries activate existing technologies and industries，Empower existing industries to achieve transformation and upgrading、Produce bet365 bonus code louisiana products (services)，Thus effectively leading the construction of a modern industrial system。This is not only cutting-edge technology that forms productivity、An important way to create economic value，It is also the key basis for the in-depth development of cutting-edge technological innovation。

Proposed by the 2023 Central Economic Work Conference，Our country will adhere to the principle of "seeking progress while maintaining stability"、To promote stability、Establish first, then break”，Leading the construction of modern industrial system with scientific and technological innovation。This provides clear guidance for the implementation of bet365 bonus code louisiana quality productivity。In the process of economic transformation，There is continuity and inheritance of development between the old and bet365 bonus code louisiana kinetic energy，They should not be considered static、An either-or relationship。Traditional industries have always been the main component of the national economy of an economy。Even in the "club of developed countries" like the OECD，In the early 21st century, "high-tech industries" in a narrow sense (industries with an R&D investment intensity of more than 5%) accounted for only about 3% of its total economic output，If important sectors of "medium and high-tech industries" such as automobile manufacturing are included，The proportion is only 8%-9%。This structure not only reflects the proportion of bet365 bonus code louisiana kinetic energy and old kinetic energy in economic activities，It also reveals the huge potential and significance of relying on existing industries to develop bet365 bonus code louisiana productive forces and thereby realizing the conversion of old and bet365 bonus code louisiana kinetic energy。bet365 bonus code louisiana technology、bet365 bonus code louisiana industries want to be fully developed，Must serve the vast number of existing technologies and industries。Whether it is the “four bet365 bonus code louisiana inventions” (high-speed rail that have been widely praised in the past few years、E-commerce platform、Online payment and bike sharing)，It is still the rapidly developing bet365 bonus code louisiana energy vehicle，These are excellent examples of activating existing industries through bet365 bonus code louisiana technologies。

Relying on existing industries to develop bet365 bonus code louisiana productive forces is a necessary condition for the long-term deepening of technological innovation。On the one hand，The continuous progress of cutting-edge technology must rely on existing industries to obtain long-term innovation investment。Technological innovation in every field is a long and progressive process，It is difficult to develop and mature solely with the support of policy funds or venture capital。This requires that technological innovation must find an industry to rely on，Share the cost of innovation through large-scale application in existing industries，And continue to obtain R&D investment to support its subsequent development。On the other hand，The continued development of cutting-edge technologies requires existing industries to provide innovative interactive platforms。The cutting-edge scientific and technological breakthrough "from 0 to 1" is very important，But industrial innovation competition has never been a one-shot deal that determines victory through laboratory invention competition。The deepening development of industrial technological innovation relies on innovators and users、Ongoing interaction between suppliers。This interaction not only helps innovators grasp existing information、Better meet consumer needs；What’s more important，Innovators can only continue to create "bet365 bonus code louisiana problems" in their interactions with users and suppliers、Solving "bet365 bonus code louisiana problems"，To be faster、Promote technological progress in a more targeted manner。In the competition of industrial innovation，Innovative interaction is not based on technical knowledge on paper，Instead, "product" is used as the basic interactive interface、Collaborative goals and competitive goals；Stay away from specific industry scenarios，Subsequent innovation will easily lose technical direction and perception of market competition。In the second half of the innovation “from 1 to 100”，The rate of technological progress depends largely on innovators and users、Scope of interaction between suppliers and competitors，Serving the vast agriculture、Manufacturing、The service industry and many industries involving people’s livelihood and welfare are bound to be the key path for innovative technology to complete its own iteration and deepen development。

In fact，Understand bet365 bonus code louisiana technologies、The relationship between bet365 bonus code louisiana industries and existing technologies and industries，Helps us objectively understand the source of China’s advantages in the field of innovation。my country’s current development in solar photovoltaics、Mobile Internet、Artificial Intelligence、Advantages in bet365 bonus code louisiana energy vehicles and other fields，It is our country that will introduce bet365 bonus code louisiana technologies、bet365 bonus code louisiana industries are closely integrated with existing technologies and industries，In engineering development、Continuously exploring problems in market competition、Cumulatively formed by solving problems。From this perspective，Strong local production capacity and large-scale market，It is my country’s inherent advantage in cultivating bet365 bonus code louisiana productive forces。Of course，The same will be true for future innovation。Technological innovation in modern complex industries is updated and iterated quickly，Technology and Technology、Technology and Market、The relationship between technology and policy regulations is complex and dynamic。A country or company’s talent pool、No matter how strong the advantages are in terms of original technology and financial reserves，As long as there is no real need to face the complex interactive environment in competition、Industrial activities with extremely high investment risks，It is difficult to grasp the context of the exciting advancement of industrial innovation，Their resource advantages can never be transformed into innovation advantages and are quickly reduced。Especially in artificial intelligence、Satellite communications and other cutting-edge fields，There is a high probability that this pattern will be repeated。

　　Need to change bet365 bonus code louisiana thinking and policy thinking

Accelerate China’s economic transformation through the development of bet365 bonus code louisiana productive forces，Requires us to change our existing way of thinking，Taking market competition as the fundamental starting point in terms of development concepts and policy concepts。

Technological breakthrough、Different activities such as industrial innovation competition and the bet365 bonus code louisiana of processing trade have their own underlying logic。Promote technological bet365 bonus code louisiana by planning technical routes in advance，Or promote the bet365 bonus code louisiana of the so-called "high-tech industry" through huge investments without any return，In fact, they are all clear manifestations of planned thinking and investment-driven thinking in the field of technological innovation，The key feature is that the innovation goal is not shaped by the market competition process，It is pre-set by policy funds or risk capital。Admittedly，Technology bet365 bonus code louisiana Plan、Breakthroughs in technological research and bet365 bonus code louisiana and the establishment of innovative demonstrations in specific fields，All are of great value to subsequent technological bet365 bonus code louisiana and innovation investment。However，The formation and bet365 bonus code louisiana of productive forces must withstand the test of the market，Only in order to achieve resource efficiency in value creation。From this，Innovation scholars discuss economic policy issues，Not with generalized "technology" but with "useful technology" or reasonable expectations of "useful technology" as the core。And "useful technology" means in the process of innovation competition，Awareness of emerging technology issues、Decompose and solve，Both should be between innovators and users、Completed in a real market scenario where innovators and collaborators interact，This kind of market mechanism can truly play a role in allocating resources effectively。

Therefore，We cannot and should not only focus on bet365 bonus code louisiana energy sources、bet365 bonus code louisiana material、Advanced manufacturing develops into a bet365 bonus code louisiana industry、bet365 bonus code louisiana kinetic energy。The formation and development of bet365 bonus code louisiana productive forces，Should closely follow the industrial activities in which competition is already widely carried out，Instead of forming a "bonsai-style" bet365 bonus code louisiana industry through long-term support from policy funds and financial capital，We cannot blindly squeeze out “old” industries by developing bet365 bonus code louisiana industries。Of course，Due to the high uncertainty in the early development and diffusion process of cutting-edge technological innovation，There is a "collective action" problem between different enterprises (institutions) under the background of complex technology，The resources required for innovation are often related to scientific research、Education、labor force、Public sectors such as finance and environment are closely related，Strong support at the national level is crucial。However，Policy thinking also needs profound changes。On the one hand，Promote bet365 bonus code louisiana technologies、The combination of bet365 bonus code louisiana industries and existing technologies and industries，Need to increase the intensity of policy tools on the "application side" rather than just the "R&D side"，It is necessary to increase incentives for introducing innovation into existing industries，We must also guide emerging technologies、Emerging industries “bow down”，Consider “fighting” in existing industries as the stage for your subsequent innovation。On the other hand，Policies should not focus solely on specific technologies or specific companies，Because the "selective" policy itself means exclusivity，The goal of shaping the innovation engine through the continuous interaction of market participants cannot be achieved through ex-ante policy choices。Relevant policy development should focus on investing in critical infrastructure、Organizational dialogue platform、Set mid- to long-term technology roadmap、Methods such as solving key common technologies，Support the construction of an innovation community，The ability to form a directional consensus and set an innovation agenda，Thus laying a solid foundation for accelerating the development of bet365 bonus code louisiana productive forces。

　　(The author is a permanent associate professor at the School of Government, Peking University、Researcher at the Institute of bet365 bonus code louisiana Governance, Peking University)