The core category of Chinese aesthetic culture，"Zhonghe" has a profound impact on the aesthetic character of the Chinese nation。From the perspective of duration，Zhonghe Aesthetic originated from the pre -Qin，Developed in the Han Dynasty，Consciously in the Six Dynasties，Mature in Sui and Tang dynasties，Transition in Song Yuan，Deepen in the Ming and Qing dynasties; from the perspective of a common perspective，It runs through Chinese literature、Calligraphy、Painting、Music、Gardening、Characteristic evaluation and other fields，So as an important pulse in the history of Chinese aesthetic culture。

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Pre -Qin period，Under the traditional influence of "Shangzhong" and "Shanghe"，"neutrality" entered the ideological vision of the ancestors。During the combination of music，"Zhonghe" gradually has aesthetic meaning。The ancestors advocate the joy of governing the country with the joy of Zhonghe，The aesthetic aesthetic concept of neutralization is the same as the aesthetic concept of beauty。As the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu Guozizi Ji Zha praise the Zhou Dynasty music，Because it has "straight but not，songs without，Far without carrying，Far without carrying，Move but not obscene，Repeat but not tire of，Sorrow but not worried，Loy without waste "neutral。Confucius praised "Shao" "to be perfect"，Reflection of the respect of the joy of Zhonghe。"Lu's Spring and Autumn" also pointed out，Moderate music，"Taija、Too small、Taiqing、Too turmoil，Not suitable "。

Personality aesthetics created by pre -Qin thinkers，The same shows the pursuit of the beauty of Zhonghe。Confucian considers，People with virtue pursue "Shangzhong and"，In the process of unified the inner "benevolence" and the external "ritual", the way of gentleman is obtained。Confucius pointed out，"Culture and Bet365 lotto review Quality Binbin，then gentleman ";" The Golden Meter "also mentioned，"A gentleman's way: light but not tired，Jane and Essay，Warm and reason "。Taoism thinks，People with Taoism advocate "Shouzhong" and "Ringzhong"，The realm of "swimming in the peace of morality"。Pre -Qin period，"neutralization" is the ideal state of social governance and personality creation，At the same time，Zhonghe aesthetic consciousness also begun to appear。

Zhonghe Aesthetic was developed for a long time with Confucian neutralization and thought in the Han Dynasty。"Gentleness and Honest" is an important ruler for the Chinese and Aesthetic in the Han Dynasty。According to Kong Yingda's explanation，"The color is warm and moist，softness and softness "。"Mao Shi Preface" proposed "Send Love，Study on etiquette and righteousness "and other views emphasized the article" expensive lies in words from words from，Reason to be positive "。Yangxiong also regards Zhongzheng Ping as a standard for measuring the advantages and disadvantages of music，Think "Huang Zhong is born of life，Zhongzheng Pingzhi，Real Zheng、You can't enter "。

　Pay attention to the unity of heaven and man  Promote the ends of eclectic

The Six Dynasties are an important period for Chinese aesthetics to be conscious。At this time，Zhonghe concept gradually expands to character evaluation、Calligraphy、Painting、Music、Literature and many fields，Therefore, the aesthetic significance of "neutralization" is commonly recognized。

The evaluation of the characters of the Six Dynasties presents obvious aesthetic characteristics，Pay attention to the natural charm of the character、Talent and British，Performance characters' own pure personality beauty and beauty。Dynasties, which are deeply influenced by Zhuangzi, presented a strong color of "Heaven and Man" color。"The New Words of the World" wrote，Eastern Han Dynasty celebrities Guo Tai used "Wang Wang Like the Wanzi，Unclear in Cheng，No turbid，Its device is deep，Difficult measurement "to praise the spirit of the wise man Huang Xian。Eastern Jin Liu Ye affirmed that the poet Xu Xun was like "Qingfeng Langyue".。and bet365 best casino games the style of Sima Yu in the Eastern Jin Dynasty's entry into Chaotang was called "Xuan Xuan Ruchang"，Eastern Jin Wang Gong's appearance 姿。

The people of the Six Dynasties and Nature、Combination of art，I found the aesthetic commonality between the three，Therefore, the neutral and aesthetic concepts of "unity of heaven and man" in the field of character evaluation naturally affect the field of literature and art。Calligraphers of the Six Dynasties are good at using natural scenes to depict the font appearance，If Western Jin Wei Heng praised the font of the book obtained from the tomb of King Wei Xiang in the "Four Books"，"Its song is like a bow，Its straight as string。Correct prominent，Ruo Long Teng in Sichuan;，If the rain pendant in the sky "，Bow、String、Dragon、Rain, etc. to describe its font characteristics。

Under the influence of the concept of "Heaven and Man"，Six dynasty scholars' self -spiritual will and natural landscape reaching a harmonious state，Therefore，Many painting concepts with neutrality and aesthetic meaning appear。As the famous painter of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Gu Kaizhi, the famous painter, advocates "moving imagination" and "one thing for me";，Painting "Should feel God，God super raises "。In the field of music，嵇、Natural and piano sound integration is one，Ben Yongshan with a mountain spring、Mudson Manyan、Bower Gao Fei、Mercedes and other natural scenes to depict the sound of the piano。

Six dynasties writers have also begun to observe the value of literature from the perspective of aestheticization，Lu Ji uses natural scenes to compare the creative mood、Abstract literary concepts such as art imagination，When describing the stagnation and smoothness of creation, he said: "Shen Ci Yueyue，If the fish is hooking the hook and the depth of the alarm;，Ruohan Bird's Payment and Fall Zeng Yunzhijun。"here，Lu Ji describes the hardship of the fish from the abyss to describe the difficulty，Birds of the middle arrow fall from high altitude to show smooth thinking，Natural and appropriate。

Zhonghe Aesthetic gradually matured during the Sui and Tang dynasties，It bet365 Play online games is mainly reflected in the integration of the concepts of the previous generation and the aesthetic concept。First, the literati of the Sui and Tang dynasties attach importance to the teaching role of literature and art，Promote the beauty of neutralization at both ends of the eclectic。As a historian of the Tang Dynasty, Linghu Dexuan believes that the article should be compromised and literary、Emotional Piece One: "The literary quality is suitable for，Complication suitable for changes。Weighing the weight，Consider the ancient and modern，and can be strong，Liye can dodge，Huanhuo Ruowuchi，Flaxy of the Yubo Fanhui。"Wei Zheng targets" Jiang Zuoqingqi，Hedo Zhengang "different style，Proposal of these two style of writing should be "short for each place，Two Longs "，Finally realized "Culture Binbin，Metal Beauty "。Ouyang Xun advocated that calligraphy must be "neutral": "The word desires are stacked and dense，Non -wide or narrow "，"Long and short -compliance，thickness folding "。Yu Shinan believes，Make a neutral mentality in calligraphy creation: "，Positive person rushing to harmonize "，Only by this can cause "heart righteousness and，The aesthetic realm of it "。

The second is to continue to develop along the aesthetic path of the "unity of heaven and man" in the Six Dynasties，Further exploration of the aesthetic law and mentality。Rujiao Ran advocates contradictions in "neutral" and harmonious literary creation，Realize "Qi Gao but not angry", "force but not revealed", "dangerous instead of remote，Zhiqi but not bad，Zhili and Nature，High and no trace，Near near，to the artistic effects such as letting go "。Sikongtu advocates that aesthetic subjects should be "storing primary and middle"，Beyond paranoid，Reading the state of China。

　Calculating the gentleness of the reward  Emphasize Zhongzheng Pinghe

To the Song and Yuan Dynasties，The concept of neutralization and aesthetics reflects a certain degree of conservativeness and reason compared to the previous generation。First, the "gentle and gentle" neutralization concept of the aesthetic Bet365 lotto review concept is valued again。The Northern Song poet Zhao Xiang believes that the creation of the article should be "warm and positive，Quick and Rong，Light and flavored，Zhende Run，Beauty instead of obscene，Stabs without anger "。Southern Song poetist Zhang Jie advocated poetry writing "euphemism and meaning，No revealing "。Golden Yuan at the time of Jin Yuan, Yuan Hao asked to point out，Poetry should have "no grievances，No Wave，Non -ruthless "mentality，And emphasized that the poet was in the face of "unevenness"，Should adhere to "the deeper responsibility，The more gentle its purpose is，The deeper of the grievances，The principle of its words is slower "。The music and calligraphy of the Song and Yuan Dynasties also take "neutralization" as aesthetic standards。Fan Zhongyan believes that the music should be "eager"，This can reflect the way of neutralization。The calligrapher of the Yuan Dynasty, Zheng Yan, greatly respects Confucianism and thought，Think that "Zhizhong" is calligraphy pole。

Second, it is an important content of Chinese to become science。From the perspective of scientists，"The rigidity of people is gentle and urgent，Talent and talent，qi bias "，Therefore, you should cultivate your body and mind based on the principle of neutrality，The return from paranoia to peace。Shao Yong, a scientist in the Northern Song Dynasty, believes，The ideal personality should have the "rigidity" neutral。Facitors also pay attention to the beauty of neutrality when discussing literary issues。Zhu Xi advocated that calligraphy should reflect the gentleness and serene of the writer、Zhongzheng Harmonious temperament，Therefore, to Huang Tingjian、Mi Yan's crazy writing style of writing is denied。

"China He" not only became an important principles of literary aesthetics during the Ming and Qing Dynasties，and gradually deepen into a aesthetic psychology of neutralization。For example，In terms of garden construction，The "Garden Metallurgical" of the Ming Dynasty gardening family adheres to the neutralization concept of "unity of heaven and man"，It is advisable to bet365 best casino games build a garden、Architecture、Natural three organic unity，To achieve "although people are made by people，The aesthetic effect of Wan from the sky "。In terms of calligraphy，At the end of the Ming and early Ming Dynasty, Tao Zongyi advocated that calligraphy should combine masculinity with soft beauty，affirmed that the calligraphy of Chen Shuhuai in the Southern Dynasty "Although the word is charming，and Zhongzhong Strong "，Praise Yu Shinan's calligraphy "Body Plus"，At the same time, criticizing the calligraphy of the Tang Dynasty poet Rong Yu "Too Gangsheng，Summary Wan Mei "。Ming Dynasty writer Wang Shizhen admired Ouyang's calligraphy "Quan Quan Ming"，Because of its "Wan Run in the Energy"。Ming Dynasty writer Wang Shizhen admired Ouyang's calligraphy "Quan Quan Ming"，Think of tasting books，It is necessary to use neutralized weather。As far as music is concerned，The famous pianist Xu Shangyi pointed out in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties，"Voice on the string，Wei Gui Zhonghe "，"Those who are not light or heavy，Zhonghe Voice also "。Chen Youci, the theorist of the Qing Dynasty piano science, believes，Northern and South Music, although "writing their own arms"，But in the end, "salty returns to Zhongzheng peace"。In the field of painting，The famous calligraphy and painter in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Shi Shouping, advocated painting coloring and "秾 fiber"，Dai Xi, a painter of the Qing Dynasty, adhered to "Yin and Yang mutual root，Painting principles of painting。

In terms of literature，Ming Dynasty operaist Lu Tiancheng commented on the dispute between Shen Yan and Tang Xianzu with "Both Beauty"。Mao Zonggang, a literary critic in the early Qing Dynasty, believes that the opera "reunite，Everyone is defective，Reverse theory，There are often badges "，and criticized at the time "only pain in pain，Therefore, write it very well; but hate it，Therefore, write its flat "，reflects the pursuit of the beauty of Zhonghe's beauty in the Ming and Qing Dynasties。Qing Dynasty writer Wang Shizhen proposed "Shen Yun To"，Emphasized neutralization and far bet365 best casino games away，Its poems also show a light but light but roundabout to twists and turns、The aesthetic features that have no trace of ax with exercise words。The poet Shen Deqian of the Qing Dynasty was a loyal supporter of the aesthetic concept，Emphasized poetry "one belongs to Zhongzheng Ping"。

In the long -term development process，Zhonghe has a wide and profound impact on the Chinese aesthetic culture，Become an important pulse in the history of Chinese aesthetic culture，its rich connotation and the significance of the current aesthetic culture，All worthy of in -depth discussion。

(This article is the major topic of the Source of Zhengzhou China and Songshan Civilization Research Association "Traditional Chinese Cultural Research" (ZD --08) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: School of Humanities, Chinese University of China)