There are rich writing about natural aesthetics in Northern Dynasties，But subject to the concept of literary history、History of Aesthetic theory and other factors，The existing history of Chinese aesthetics、Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties Broken Aesthetic History Works，I did not give these writing to fully follow。Therefore，It is necessary to reveal the specific content of the literature of Northern Dynasties about natural aesthetic writing，to highlight its aesthetic value。

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Zong Baihua pointed out in the article "On the" New Words of the World "and the Beauty of the Jin people"，郦 belongs to "Light Wanzhang，No ancient people，The work of the foundation and trend of descendants' literature and art，Highly affirmed the achievements of "Water Sutra" in landscape aesthetic writing。But in the existing writing paradigm，"Water Sutra Note" with insufficient philosophical theory and character cannot enter the narrative field of the history of Chinese aesthetic theory。Actually，The landscape writing articles of "Water Sutra" contain a rich aesthetic concept。

In the pen of Dao Daoyuan，Landscape is no longer a "divine" landscape based on religious worship、"Benevolence Leshan，Biide landscape，It is not the "Xuanyan" landscape influenced by the Southern Dynasties，and the "Changshen" landscape of the natural landscape itself。The way of writing natural landscapes in Tao Daoyuan can be divided into two types: "body tour" and "god travel"。The so -called "Tour"，Refers to the author during the field inspection of the waterway，Writing for personal tour experience。For example, he recorded in "Water Sutra Note · Giant Yang Water Note" to rest with his friends at the giant ocean water: "The Year of the President Yu，Sales Festival Dongzhou，To the fire in the summer，bet365 Play online games Tired of idleness，Hippin and Entertainment Yongdi，Hippin and Entertainment Yongdi，Gui Zhushu Find Wave，Light Forest Corporation，Is 寄 寄，Is 寄 寄，Is 寄 寄，It can be based on。Xiaodong has a lake，Jiarara Fresh bamboo shoots，Bandit Zhifang Qi Pei，Real clean and flying scales。"and" God You "means that the author cannot inspect on the spot，It can only be based on historical land、Poetry Fu、Strange、谶wei、Book Jian and other information，Give play to the aesthetic imagination Writing landscape。If he describes the beauty of the Wuxia of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River，It is based on the "Jingzhou Ji" of Song Shenghong of the Southern Dynasty.。

The types of landscape landscape described by Dao Daoyuan can also be divided into two types，One is natural landscape landscape，That is, the landscape itself shows the pure natural beauty。This kind of landscape is not a symbol of human morality，It is not a medium for long -generation immortals，but natural landscape。This type of description has "Qingya Ruo Dai，Su turbulent practice，Wonder Wonder Wonder Waterfall，There is "Cleaning Cheng Shen，Looking down at fish，Tan Water of the Empty "，There are also "four -sided wall，Extremely capable lift，Yuanwang Pavilion，Summary of the Single of Single Single "，etc.。郦 Daoyuan not only describes the natural beauty of landscape with literary strokes，I also think that the beauty of the landscape has the character of "painting"。When he describes the teaching water, he said: "The south of the water，Circle Drum Bell Shangxia，Peak Tree Green Pine，Fei Liu Note，Kanshi Deep，Straighten on the wall，Bai You Chang，Bai You Chang，Peak Tree Green Pine，Rock suspension vermiculite，In the middle of the calendar，There is a cypress life，Dan Qingqi points，Wangoruo Embroidery。"" Wangoruo Embroidery "，In fact, look at the landscape from an artistic vision，"painting" with the western aesthetic category has bet365 live casino games a certain relationship。

Another is the humanistic landscape landscape，refers to the landscape formed by the integration of culture and natural landscape，Rock painting、Grottoes、Stele carrier、Architecture、Poetry and mythology and other landscapes give landscapes to humanistic traits，to present a sense of history、Saint and other features。Taking a paragraph of Jinshui of the Daoyuan Yuan as an example: "Shi Zhibo curbed Jinshui to irrigate Jinyang，Sutch Sutra，Later generations of their relics，Cost as a Male，Mumi Xiji Mountain Pillow Water，There is Tang Shuyu Temple。Liangtang on the side of the water。Flying beams on the water，Left and right miscellaneous trees intersecting shade，Awesome Youzi，To a friend of sexual friends，Awesome Youzi，Mo Fang Liang Lang Ji，Comfort with entertainment，In Jinchuan，The most victorious place。"" This text is concisely explained to the birthplace of Jinshui，and "Zhibo curb Jinshui to irrigate Jinyang" pointed out the origin of the swamp，Then describe the humanistic landscape of the swamp。Swims and Yishan Water，There are Tang Shuyu Temple and Liangtang，Flying beams on the water，and the trees are lush、Covering the sky。Because of this，Become friends and relatives here、Scholars and other "victory"。

It can be said，郦，It is the process of inspecting natural geography，It is the process of landscape aesthetic experience。From this，He not only wrote the writing text representing the achievements representing the literary achievements of the Northern Dynasties，and combined with the body's landscape aesthetic experience，Put up important aesthetic concepts such as "Hope Ruofu Embroidery", "Bettering Forest Wood", "I have no violation of things" and "God's Moment"。This gives "Water Sutra Note" with important aesthetic value。

　　Lefu folk song and grassland aesthetics

Different from the aesthetics of landscapes based on farming production methods，Grassland Aesthetics is bred from nomadic production bet365 live casino games methods。After moving south from the Jin Dynasty，Northern grassland aesthetic culture injects Central Plains Culture，Prairie folk songs are also introduced into the Central Plains and Jiangnan regions。But due to language limit，The nomadic people's own literary works of the Northern Dynasties have not passed down。Even so，Through "The Song of the Lele", "Folding Willow Songs" (Five Songs)、"Folding Willow Zhiche" (four songs) and "Enterprise Song" (four songs), etc.，We can still see the aesthetic style of the grassland during the Northern Dynasties。

​​"The Song of the Lele" through the popular language，not only depicts the vast landscape of the northern grassland and the nomadic people's freedom、Survival state that integrates with the natural environment of the grassland，The differences between them and the Central Plains farming nation in the time and space cognition of the universe。Taking one of "Folding Willow Songs" as an example: "Put the Malaysia Spring Ze，Can't forget the detention。Put the saddle and go by horse，How to see the horse riding。"" (Guo Maoqian's "Element Poetry Collection") The song vividly depicts the magnificent landscape of the Prairie Wrangler:，The superb Wrangler riding a strong horse riding a strong gallop，Grazy，Horse racing。Nomadic people in the migration life of water -ray grass，Gang health generated by accumulation、Brave、Freedom、The aesthetic spirit of the boldness jumped out。

The free unrestrained for the northern dynasty folk song bag and other folk songs of the northern dynasty、Optimism and other aesthetic spirit different aesthetic spirit，Grassland aesthetics presents a complicated appearance in the poems of poets in the Central Plains or Jiangnan region。On the one hand，These poets come to the grassland，It is difficult to obtain aesthetic experience similar to the nomadic people。Typical representative is Jiangnan poet Wang Xi、After living in the north，The grassland area of ​​the nomadic nomads bet365 best casino games becomes a bitter cold in their pen。Another example，Wrangler as the daily life of nomadic peoples，It is full of sadness in Dong Shao’s "Gao Ping Wrangler Poem"。But on the other hand,，It is also the deep experience of the aesthetic culture of grassland，Promoting Wang Yan、The transformation of literary aesthetic style such as Yu Xin。As Du Fu said, "Yu Xin's article is old and changed，Ling Yunjian's writing "，In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, I had aesthetic culture to the grassland during the Northern Zhou Dynasty、The experience of aesthetic spirit is closely related to experience。In addition，This kind of north -south difference is also contributed to the aesthetic spirit of grassland aesthetic spirit from the cultivation of the aesthetic spirit of the Chinese aesthetic，Provided strong evidence。

　　"Wanghai Poetry" and the ocean aesthetics

The content of the ocean as a natural aesthetic，In the middle of the Chinese literature and art, it is in the edge state for a long time。But in the Wei and Jin Dynasties of the Han Dynasty，With the saying of Hunan、Xuan Ye said the rise of the universe cognition，The construction of geographical space centered on the water system is becoming more and more valued，In addition to the closure space cognition centered on the Central Plains，A water system appeared、Open space cognition towards the sea。Continuous appearance in literary creation Shanghai Yang Aesthetic Writing，Ru Biao's "Lanhai Fu"、Cao Cao's "Guan Canghai"、Wang Yan's "You Hai Fu"、"Sea Fu"、Sun Chuo's "Wanghai Fu"、Xie Lingyun's "You Chi Shishi into the Sea Poetry"、Zhang Rong's "Sea Fu" and so on。Although these works are not all written based on actual marine survival experience，and mainly look at、Wang、Review、Watch and other methods to get aesthetic experience，Some even have a strong fairy style，But you can still see that the ocean is an organic component of the natural aesthetic writing of the Northern Dynasties。

Writing of the Northern Dynasty Literature on the Ocean，Although the bet365 Play online games number of works、Overall achievement is not as good as the southern dynasty，But there are still some works reaching a higher artistic level。For example，Zheng Daozhao's "Deng Yunfeng Mountain View Island Poems" continues the subject matter of Youxian，Although the imagination depicts the gods and Wonderland，But at the beginning, "Mountain Tour Yueyao Awards，Guancang overlooks Baisha "，But I really wrote the poet's view of the sea scenery。Zu Yi's "Wanghai Poems" "Ascend to Giant，I don’t know 10 million miles。Yundao one after another，The trend has been。Look at Yuanhong Du，At first glance, Gull's up。No to be sent back，Natural wounded "，Following the Mode of Modern Model of "Hope"，Directly depict the magnificent marine landscape that the author sees，Expressing the sigh of the poet。Qian Zhixi believes that the poem "has a broader mood and strong qi bone"，"Express the Meteorological of the Sea"，"The worker of the Tang Dynasty sentence，Can't Live "(" The History of Chinese Poetry, History of Poetry, Wei, Jin, and Northern and Southern Dynasties)，It can be described as extremely high。

Marine aesthetic writing in the Northern Dynasties transitions from Youxian to Writing Scenery，The transformation of the philosophical concept at that time was used as the basis，There is a dynamic cause of realistic aesthetic innovation。Ru according to "Wei Shu · Gao Zongji" record，Northern Wei Wencheng Emperor Tuoba Jun entered the Shishi Mountain in the four years of Tai'an (458): "February Bingzi，Deng Shishi Mountain，Guan Canghai，Dajun group ministers under the mountains，Class rewards are different。Change Shishi Mountain as Leyou Mountain，Building the Altar Strip in the Seaside。"Tuoba Jun to Yanshi Mountain is not to seek medicine for fairy，Instead, on the purpose of "watching the sea" for the purpose of "watching the sea"。It can be seen through this historical material，Ocean aesthetics has been further developed during the Northern Dynasties。

Speaking，Natural Aesthetic Bet365 app download Writing in Northern Dynasties in Landscape Pastoral、Three areas of grassland and ocean，All achieved achievements that cannot be ignored。On the one hand，These writing shows the characteristics of literature from Northern Dynasties different from the literature of the Southern Dynasty，Highlight the literary historical value of the natural aesthetic writing of the Northern Dynasties; on the other hand,，These writing also presents in the context of national and cultural integration，Diverse fusion features of the aesthetic concept of the Northern Dynasty，Demonstrate the unique value of the aesthetic writing of literary aesthetics in the northern dynasty。

　　(Author Unit: Institute of Literature of the Academy of Social Sciences of Henan Province)