In the era of parallel development of globalization and against globalization，The tension between the nation (or the country) culture is increasingly prominent: on the one hand, the communication is becoming more frequent、The closer to the connection，The concept of the community of human destiny is put forward and practiced;、Preferred，Hegemonism and populism still exist。Literature although expressed unique aesthetic content in the words，But cannot be separated from social and cultural。In the era of globalization，The relationship between literature and the world is more closely。How to define world literature，How to understand the relationship between national literature (or national literature) and the relationship between national literature and world literature，It is an important question we need to constantly think。

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"World Literature" common meaning has three: first，The general sense of the general sense of all nations and national literature; second，Classic masterpieces of national and national literature，It is loved by readers of different times and nations; third，A special literature or research method that embodies world consciousness or cross -civilized communication。Actually，"Total Hehe", "Classic", "Communication", three keywords can be regarded as the method of "gathering" in literature。We might as well summarize it as three types: "Complete Works", "Selected Works" and "Single": "Complete Works of World Literature" focuses on the whole collection，Highlight the diverse characteristics of world literature; "Selected World Literature" focuses on screening bet365 Play online games and evaluation，Highlight the classic characteristics of world literature; "World Literature in Jiao Ji" focuses on communication comparison，Highlight the interaction characteristics of world literature。

The definition of the "Complete Works" type seems to be the most secure，But from the perspective of understanding or acceptance，If you want to really grasp this full -scale literature，It is really difficult。This data -based operation，seemingly gathering，Disposal，It is easy to bring fragmentation of world literature。Visible，，Literature after all, choose some choice。The next question is，Who will choose、How to choose? If，The classics of national literature can be evaluated by people of this nation，So，Crossing the nation、Language、Who will evaluate the literary classics of many cultural limits，How to formulate the criteria for evaluation? A situation that shows cultural differences is，A classic work recognized by a nation，may not cause the same effect in other ethnic groups。"Dream of Red Mansions" in foreign dissemination and acceptance situation is an example (see Chen Zhongxu、Gao Zhaocheng "Consumerism and" World Literature "")。Contrary to this，The well -known writers and their works abroad，However, the treatment in the country is very different。Byron's acceptance in the non -English and English world is an example (see Gao Xudong's "Who is World Literature: English World or Non -English World? )。One of the focus questions is，The value judgment between nations is different。Whose claims are prevails，This is the dilemma facing the definition of the "selection" type。The definition of the "intersection" type is no longer attached to the problem of overall or essence，Instead of noticing the reality of cross -cultural exchanges in the context of the globalization。This reality best reflects the world'Bet365 app download s characteristics of people's lives，Located in it and showing this reality is undoubtedly a typical world literature。But，While highlighting interaction and dialogue，We cannot ignore the diversity and differences of world literature itself。

　　Position conversion: from civilized conflict to the same world

World Literature should stand on the standpoint of the world to strengthen identity，Literature that is distinguished from each other。Defined world literature in the era of globalization，The key is to understand the meaning of "world"，Clarify how "the world" and "literature" are associated。World Literature reflects the relationship between the relationship between different ethnic groups in the era of globalization，That is the national and worldwide problems of literature。

Analysis of this problem cannot be restricted in literature，We may wish to examine it in a wider contemporary cultural vision。The Cold War period after World War II，Culture becomes the field of attention to western centers，They try to transfer people to the capitalist economy with the help of cultural discourse、Follow the political contradictions and ideological strategies。After the end of the Cold War，Use cultural differences，"Civilized Conflict" claims to be popular。For example, in Huntington，Cultural differences become conflict between different civilizations，And this conflict in turn strengthens the identity between culture within the same civilization。That is to say，Being in the same civilization，There is no essential difference between culture; in different civilizations，Culture cannot fundamentally recognize each other (see Samuel Huntington's "Conflict of Civilization")。but，More fundamental problem is: the so -called type of world civilization，Itself is the consequences of the choice and interest division; the so -called bet365 live casino games conflict of world civilization，It is the product of value preset。This choice、Divided and preset logic is Western centralism。

Now，We still have to be alert to cultural hegemony、Capital control and de -nationalization、Western centralism expressed in the form of de -localization，It is also necessary to break the inertia thinking of the binary opposition between China and the West。We think，The world is composed of multiple ethnic groups，Every nation is of course the subject，All are irreplaceable。but，These subjects are not one by one，isolated from each other、Each line is。Although there are many cultural differences between nations，But because living on the same earth，Therefore, a living community of interactive connection is formed。In the new stage of global development，This community can be described as the whole body，Is the real destiny community。So，Ethnic groups cannot take extremes when facing cultural differences、Fuck，Instead, you need to adhere to the "beauty and beauty，Beauty of Beauty，The attitude of the United States and the United States "，Respect the difference，Agree with each other，Build a "harmonious and different" world。The same world is formed here。

　　World Literature: Literature of Community of Life

Literature as a social activity，experienced from text creation to spread、Accept (criticism)，From production to marketing、Consumption and other processes，It is an important way and component of people's lives。For literature，"World" can of course be regarded as a consciousness、A method or a perspective，but，The first presentation is literary activities and its field。Like national literature，World Literature belongs to the existence of human life.。As for how to know its appearance、Description of its history、Construction of its discipline、Teaching its course，can bet365 best casino games I grasp this ontology，You can see Relief。This is a clear point for first。

In the same world，How does literature "gather"? Nations and their literature are foundation。The literature of each nation is the basic factor of world literature，It is not deprived of its rights，Its role cannot be ignored，Its status cannot be replaced。The definition of the "Complete Works" and "Selected Works" type is different，We recognize the basic status of national literature，Screening again，But this right must be given to various nations。The acceptance or influence of national literature outside the realm，is another situation。Whether or not it is recognized by other ethnic groups，The literary classic confirmed by each nation after the test of the times，is the basic component of world literature; the spread of each ethnic literature outside the territory、Accepting and influence，is an important part of world literature; across the nation、Language、Globalization Literature of Cultural boundaries，It is a characteristic component of world literature。In multiple situations，The regional and global nature of world literature、Digital and the same sex can be manifested。

What needs to be pointed out is，Digital does not mean to isolated from each other、Can't access，Different from localism such as "My Race Center"; the same sex is not equal to eliminating boundaries、Wipe off the difference，Different hegemonism such as "a family"。In the process of building world literature，We must first break the dual -opposing thinking mode in ideology，Differences between face -to -face and respect for national literature。Differences are one of the characteristics of world literature，It is also an important sign of its vitality。Actually，Standards of the difference，Whether in theory or in practice，All belong to the dialogue (see Jin Bet365 app download Huimin's "Different Dialogue: A Research Program")。

Differences and the same in the same world literature，That is, the conversation between national literature has set a situation。Standing on the difference between tolerance、On the world position dedicated to recognition，Ethnic literature cannot be accepted by some works of other national literature，Forcibly request these ethnic groups to accept their own works in an equal number of nations。If national literature wants to get out of its own area，Both the question and answer logic of the dialogue，It is also necessary to meet the interaction principle of communication。Go out，It is both active promotion、The process of seeking dialogue，Also actively accept、The process of responding to respond (see Fang Wei's "What is World Literature?"。but，Ethnic literature can not blindly follow the command sticks of others (such as evaluation awards) and run around，This is no different from the root of the literature of the people and the seedlings that encourage cultural hegemonism。We can no longer take the culture of certain ethnic groups，Especially the recognition of some strong culture is the equivalent of world culture。This is not denying the culture of these nations，but said，Culture of a certain or certain nation cannot replace the culture of other nations。In the sense of the same world，There is no difference in real conversation without differences。

In the new stage of global development，We should adhere to the principle of "harmony different" and "beauty and the United States"，Different differences，Delivery to identify，Literature that constructs a community of life in a multi -pole and diverse world。Where，Crossing the nation、Language、Globalization of the boundary of culture and other limits，It is undoubtedly the true source of world literature bet365 live casino games in the typical sense，It is also a national literature research、Outside Literature Research、The fundamental motivation of comparative literature research to the world。These perspectives and minds of these world literature should be。

(Author Unit: China Social Science Press、Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)