General Secretary Xi Jinping's "Speech at the 100th Anniversary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China" emphasized: "Based on History、Create the future，We must continue to promote Sinicization of Marxism。"Marxism in Chinese form is a product that combines the specific practice of Marxism with the Chinese revolution and the construction of a specific practice，Chinese Marxist Literature Theory is Marxist Literary Theory and Chinese Cultural Tradition、Crystal of fusion of literary and artistic practice。The construction of Chinese Marxist literary theory lasted a hundred years，I have experienced different stages，Among them, Zhou Yang's contribution cannot be ignored。Since the 1930s, Zhou Yang has lived in the core leadership of the left -wing literary world，After the founding of New China, I have been engaged in leadership work in cultural propaganda，After the new period, he discussed around Marxist theory and laid a solid foundation for the development of Chinese Marxist literary theory。

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Pay attention to the close contact between literature and art and the people，It is an important feature of Marxist literature and art theory。Mao Zedong emphasized: "Our problem is basically a question of the masses and a question of how to be the masses。"Zhou Yang commemorate Mao Zedong's 20th anniversary of Mao Zedong's" Speech at the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium "in 1962，Put forward the important point of view of "serving the most vast people"。

The 1930s，Zhou Yang participated in the discussion of the popular literary and artistic issues，It is just to let the public understand in literary works、Education mobilization Volkswagen participates in the level of revolution to understand the popularity of literature and art。He really realizes that the people are the subject of literature and art、Literature and art belongs to the people，After the rectification of Yan'an literary and bet365 Play online games art。He believes that the "‘ closer door improvement ’in Luyi work summarizes the entire content of the wrong policy”。When editing "Marxism and Literature"，Zhou Yang recorded the ideological perspective of Marx Engels "Art belongs to the people"，And emphasized that Mao Zedong's "complete new definition" of popularization，That is, "The ideological feelings of our literary workers and the ideological feelings of workers, peasants and soldiers are made"。He thinks，For artists from intellectuals，"Personal feelings often become a big burden"，Writers should actively transform their own world view、Outlook on Life。It is worth noting that，Zhou Yang also talks about the people needs literature and art，"Literature and art need to be liberated，Get rescued。The literary and artistic books are from the masses，Must go to the masses。This in turn is also a big liberation for the masses，The liberation of the spiritual life that they have been restrained and suppressed for many years。This liberation can only be given by the revolution "。Especially worth noting is，Zhou Yang pointed out，Many literary works at that time were performing party、When the relationship between the army and the people，It only emphasizes the guidance of the latter for the latter，and forgot that the people are the source、is root。This is also the theory of the key to cutting。

Literature and Art Write，It is the content that Zhou Yang focused on the exposition after the establishment of New China，Concentrated manifestations of advocating praise and expressing "new heroes"。July 1949，In the report of "New People's Literature and Art"，He proposed: "We are in such an era full of struggle and action，We have seen all kinds of hero model characters among the people，They are so ordinary，and so great，They are creating a miracle of history with their own blood and sweaty manner。For them，The real owner of these world history，In addition to praising with full enthusiasm，What else can you say? Even if we only draw their outline，or even incomplete outline，It will also be obliterated than let them Bet365 app download obliterate，No tablet scales and half claws，Be less blame of history。"" "，Sister Jiang appeared in the literary creation at that time、Zhu Laozhong、Yang Zirong and other new heroes，Rich literary group portrait。

　Literature and art should show real life

Zhou Yang's research on Russian Democratic Revolutionary Car Ernevsky Aesthetic Thoughts reached a very high level。"About Chelniveski and His Aesthetics" criticized the idea of ​​inheriting the inheritance of carbishevsky，Fully reflect his judgment、Thinking power and research skills。Questions about literature and art and life，is the core of it。Zhou Yang saw the contradiction of the theory of Chelnivsky，On the one hand, beauty originated from life，Art is just a pale copy of life，is a substitute for life; on the other hand, it is considered that art is "textbook of life"。After revealing this contradiction，Zhou Yang said in accordance with Marx in the "Introduction to Political Economics Criticism".。So，Production not only produces objects, but also produces the subject "，It is believed that the subject and object are organic unity，"It's interconnected、A restraint of each other "，This is what he said later, "It sets off from life and foils in life，and give great influence on life "(" Following the future，Literature and Art in the New Period of Socialism ")。This effectively explains the principle of literature and art both from the principle of life and higher than life。This idea gets more logical in the article "Literature and Life"、More powerful explanation。He affirmed that literature originated after life，Then talk "Literature and Life are two things: in the creation process，Still the two poles of conflict between each other "，"Creation is the process of fighting with a fight with life"，and then creatively transform the theory of the kingdom，Point out "Go deep into life，and can surpass life "，can achieve "anger" and "high" unity。This is the theory of knowing the law of literary and artistic creation。

The authenticity of literature and art，It is a problem assigned from the relationship between literature and Bet365 app download art and life，How to show real life。Zhou Yang believes，"Whether it is a modern or historical life，The highest principle of art is true "。In the 17th year of literary context，Formulating、Conceptualization seriously hinders literary writing。From Zhou Yang's view，These problems originated from the writer's failure to "long time、unconditional、wholeheartedly "" deep life "。He also advocates dare to reveal the contradictions of life，"There are always progress in life、New things and backward、contradictions and struggles between dying things ... Any tendency to try to cover up the contradictions in the decoration and dilute life，All contrary to reality，Reduce the ideological combat power of literature，Weaken the positive role of literature "。This view has a strong pertinence，Quite the merit。

Enter a new period，Zhou Yang's concept changed。1979，He proposed: "Writers should live in deeper at any time，Faithful life，Write what he is familiar with、Interested、Feel the deepest、Thinking things。"Of course，He is not advocating the original ecology、Naturalism to express life，"Should try to guide the scientific world view of Marxism"，"Socialist literature and artistic and self -criticism mission"。This idea was the theory of the lungs after Zhou Yang deeply summarized the law of literary and artistic creation based on the social development situation at that time，For the prosperity and development of Chinese literature in the future, it has played a role that cannot be ignored。

　　Correctly deal with the relationship between literature and art and politics

Zhou Yang has been in the core leadership of literary work for a long time，Pay special attention to the relationship between literature and art and politics。1980，Deng Xiaoping explicitly proposed that literature and art must serve the people under the new historical conditions、The fundamental direction of serving socialism，Do not continue to refresh arts belongs to politics。Zhou Yang in "Emancipating Thought，Truthful expression of our time "made theoretical interpretation of this。He starts from the view of materialism，Point out "the economic foundation Bet365 lotto review and the upper building，and various upper -level buildings are mainly political upper buildings and ideological upper -level buildings.，instead of simple、straight line "，And emphasized that "if the ideology including literature and art, the relative independence of the economic foundation，Negotiation of the interaction between the upper parts including literature and politics，Negative literature and art except for political influence，Also accepts the influence of other ideology，Negotiation is negated except for political effects beyond literature and art，Literature and art is also countermeasures politics，In short，The upper -level building with the economic foundation and the various factors of commercial buildings are extremely complicated.、vulgarization，This is not the real materialism，But to its opposite side "。

The party's leadership is the fundamental guarantee for the development of socialist literature and art。How to lead the party for literature and art，Zhou Yang has a rich theoretical interpretation。He proposed: "The party's leadership of literature and art，It should be the leader who rely on the masses including the masses including the masses to respect the experts，It should be changed from a layman to an internal industry，Leadership of the truth about the truth of the law of literature and art，and must not be the leader of the order of ordering with personal feelings and subjective will。"should be said，This is the theory of experience in leadership of the Communist Party of China。

Zhou Yang created a considerable number of literary criticism works，For Lu Xun、Guo Moruo、Zhao Shuli and other writers，There are wonderful analysis of works such as "Goddess", "Thunderstorm", "Sunrise" and "Little Ernabe Marriage"。Social history criticism is his most commonly used criticism method。He believes that Lu Xun’s novel is "pain in pain for the people，Proposal to people who eat people like a flame -like protest "，Guo Moruo's "Goddess" is "the outbreak of the" May 4th "spirit in literature。He reads Zhao Shuli's work carefully，Think of "The Change of Lijiazhuang" bet365 Play online games is in integrity、Reflexity is not as good as "Little Er Hei Marriage" and other works，But the prominent advantage is that "Although only one village is written，But it has set off the background of Shanxi politics for more than ten years，Many important events involved in the Anti -Japanese War，Contains the content of history and realistic politics "。These views are extremely insightful。

　　Promoting Sinicization of Marxism Literary Theory

Zhou Yang studied European literary works in his early years，Later, I thoroughly studied Marxist classic works，Actively translated the Socialist realism theory of the Soviet Union，System research realism theory，There is a deep theoretical basis。Zhou Yang's theoretical sources are very rich，The influence of Soviet -Russian literary thoughts，There is also the influence of Japanese Marxist aesthetics，The influence of British and American literature and the influence of British and American literature。But the most impact on it is the Soviet Russian literary thought。Look at the activity of its translation，Zhou Yang pays attention to the literary policy of the Soviet Union at that time，Dedicated research on the proletarian writer Gorky，It is also involved in aestheticist Belinsky、The work of Chelni Sherky，In particular, I have great interest in the theory of Chelnibosky。

It is worth paying attention to，Zhou Yang has always been focusing，There is a sober consciousness in this regard。He clearly realized，This job is far away。1958，Zhou Yang's conversation in Hebei was edited by the editor "Establishing China's own Marxist literary theory and criticism"，Talk about this after 4 years，Zhou Yang also believes that you cannot establish a system。He also designed a roadmap for promoting this work，Proposal: "Marxist literary views are from foreign countries，Not from our literary history、The development of literary theory criticism，To admit，Our culture is still backward。We are now based on the general truth of Marxism，Go back to summarize China's literary heritage and literary experience since the May 4th '，From it bet365 Play online games to our Marxist theory -Sinicization Theory。Our direction is like this。"" In Zhou Yang's view，Construction of Chinese Marxist literary theory，First of all, we must clarify the situation of the Marxist literary theoretical system in the modern and contemporary development of China。"Theoretical consciousness、Cultural self -confidence，is the power of a nation's progress。"Zhou Yang's exploration always penetrates the persistent theoretical consciousness，This also provides an important revelation for the current accelerated construction of literary theory with Chinese characteristics。

　(Author Unit: School of Literature, Shandong Normal University)