Before the Ming Dynasty，There are very few special women's poems，See only Yin Chun's "Women's Collection" in the Southern Dynasties、Yan Jun's "Collection of Women's Poems"、A few types of "Yaochi New Yongji" in Cai Province of the Tang Dynasty。Ming Dynasty to drop，This situation is greatly changed，"Ladylord works，Edit of Mingren "(" Summary of the Book of Siku ")。According to Hu Wenkai's "Women's Women's Works Test"，Jiajing、During the Longqing period, there are 4 kinds of women's poems in the Ming Dynasty，Twenty years of Wanli (1592) to more than 50 years from the 17th year of Chongzhen (1644)，There are 41 species of the selection of women's poems by Ming people (30 of them are compiled by male editors)，Quantity far exceeds the predecessor。Zhu Yizun admired this grand occasion: "Liu Zhifen's" Cuilou Ji "、Yu Xianzhi's "Shuxiu Collection"、Zhou Lingjing's "Selected Poetry of Gong Boudoir"、Zheng Yan's "Compilation of the Women"、Mei Dingzhang's "Ladies Collection" and "Blue Mud Lotus"、Yao Traveling "Lu Shu"、Pan Zhiheng's "History of History"、Zhao Wenqi's "The History of the Ancient and Modern Girls"、名 池、Zhupu Su's "Rouge"、Lanling Zou's "Red Banana Collection"、Jiangbang Shen's "Yutai Wenyuan"、Fang Weiyi's "History of Gong Liang Poetry"、Shen Yixiu's "Yiren Si"、Ji Xian's "Loudit Collection"，Its text is also clouded。"(" Jing Zhiju Poetry ") The selection of female poems edited by Ming people became the fashion at the time。

　　bet365 best casino games

Among the selection of female poems in the Ming Dynasty，Female compilations are mostly born in the literary family and are quite famous。For example，Bet365 lotto review Editor Shen Yixiu (1590-1635)，It is the eldest daughter of Shandong Decipher's Decision Decision，Shen Yan's nephew，The Ministry of Industry Langzhong Ye Shao Yuan's wife，She also uses poetry to be known for future generations。Editorial Fang Weiyi (1585-1668)，For Dali Qing Fang Da Town Second Daughter，Chen Weisong commented on its "Article Hongbei，Between Cao everyone "(" Women's Collection ")。Qian Qianyi commented on his saying: "The Hidemi" Hi -Greater Poetry "，Lord in the publishing of prostitution wow，District Mingfeng Lie，A gentleman still has its own aspirations。"" ("Collection of Poetry of the Dynasties")

Editors of the selection of women's poems in the Ming Dynasty are mostly male literati，These literati are mostly on the edge of social，Often names are not famous，Such as Zheng Wen'ang ("Ancient and Modern Celebrities Hui Poems")、Guo Wei ("Selected Women and Modern Women's Poems")、Ma Jiasong ("Flower Mirror Sound")、Zhou Gongfu ("Ancient and Modern Youth Tower Collection")、郦 （("The Beauty of Gusu Xinjian Tong Tong"), etc.，Life information is mostly unknown，Occasionally appearing in historical materials is also only words。For example，Ma Jiasong (Unknown of the Year of the Birth and Well)，Shen Jiyou's "檇" Volume 22 records a poem; 郦 郦 (1524-?)，The main book of the Gongsheng Guanji Xixi。

Male editor，Some are frustrated literati who have repeatedly fell into the scientific examination。For example，("Qinhuai Four Ji Poetry") Test repeated trials in the countryside; Pan Zhiheng (1556-1622) ("History of History") San Yingxiang Test; Mei Dingzheng (1549-1615) "" Blue Mud Lotus ") The autumn test will not be lifted，Gui Yin's hometown; Tian Yizhen (1524-?) ("History of Poetry")。Some even the selection of the name compilation。One is the person who is a name for the famous Taoist family，Ruchi Keda ("List of Celebrities"bet365 live casino games )、Zhuxi owner ("Feng Yun Love Letter")、Yutai ("Lou Jiang's Poetry Collection Banknotes")，Xin'an 蘧 蘧 蘧 辑、Magic Chengzi School ("Night Pearl Xuan Seal Carrving the Girls' Sao") and so on。These categories of compilation，Taoist color full of transcendence outside the world。The second is the famous celebrity at the time，If you choose "The Return of the Capital Poetry" with the most poems in the Ming Dynasty, the name is the name of the name Zhong Xun，Zhao Shijie edited at least 80 people in the name of "Refined Ancient and Modern Women's History".，including Yang Shen in the Ming Dynasty、Pan Zhiheng、Xu Wei、Wang Yangming、Tu Long、Wang Baiyu、Mao Kun、Tang Bohu、Li Zhuowu、Yuan Zhonglang、Zhong Yan、Li Panlong、Wang Shizhen and other celebrities。

In ancient China，Even at the edge of social，Liters generally will not give up their own right to sign，But some male editor -in -chose of female poems in the Ming Dynasty gave up their own signature right and signed the name of others，This is worth thinking about。Toddle Taoist Fangwu，Show the desire for the freedom of male literati to be over the world，helplessness to not politics; the authoritative editing and evaluation of the "Famous Public Scholars" with a well -known social reputation，In addition to the demands of the pursuit of profit，Male editor also hopes to improve the emphasis on women's creation，To increase the status of female poets in the literary world，Make female works enter the classic ranks。At the same time，Male editor hopes to choose a new view of literature by compiling female poems，The desire to return to the center of literature。

　　Put forward the literary view of "poetry is clearing"

Because it is on the edge of society，These male literati cherish the talents who are similar to themselves，Almost obsessively to organize and collect Bet365 app download female works，and use this to express your own literary concept。When the male literati compiled the selection of women's poems in the Ming Dynasty，Pay more attention to the beauty standard of "Qing"。The selection of female poems edited by the name Zhong Yi chosen "The Returning of the Women's Poetry" to cleverly connect "Qing" to the creation of women，and propose the literary view of "Poetry as a clearing"。Editors think，Women are indifferent to fame and fortune，Poetry creation is more pure，Aesthetics has the characteristics of "Qing": "Covering a woman without having a shaft servant and horses，缛 Moch Fang Tree，Moosure incense，and Wei Tianya ... and the woman is also，Township and county，Dream Souls related plugs，Wei Qing also。"" ("Celebrities Poetry") Zhong Yan also emphasized that the poem must have "clear" qi，Proposal: "Poetry，Qingwu also。Its body is good，Labor or not;，Dirty or not;，Miscellaneous or not;，Those who have a woman who have a Katan also。"" ("Jian Yuantang Near Poetry Preface") Zhong Yan believes，"Clear" characteristics are "net、You、Yi "。The so -called "net"，Far away from secular filth，Keep the mind quiet; so -called "You"，Maintain the independence of inner spirit; the so -called "Yi"，Keep your own true nature of life。Here，"Qing" is a kind of empty and clean realm。

"Qing" is an important category in Chinese classical aesthetics。"Said the text" explained: "Qing，朖，The appearance of Chengshui。"as aesthetic concept，"Qing" related to the "Wind and Bone theory" in the literary criticism of the Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties，"Wenxin Eagle Dragon · Wind Bone" cloud: "Straight conclusion，Then the bone becomes into a cricket;，The style of the text is clear。"When compiled the selection of female poems，Ming Dynasty literati proposed the standard of "Qing"，It is actually Bet365 app download the inheritance and development of the "wind and bone theory" of the Wei, Jin and Northern and Southern Dynasties，To improve the emphasis on women and their creation at the time，It is also the unique presentation of the perspective of academic atmosphere and poetic criticism in the Ming Dynasty。

This academic and poetic criticism perspective is clearly reflected in the selection of female poetry in the Ming Dynasty。Male editor in the Ming Dynasty believes that "Qing" is the characteristic of women and their literature，As Ge Zhengqi said, "Not with the spirit of the heaven and earth spirit，Not a man，If the field of the universe text，Should belong to the woman "(" Continuous Yutai Wenyuan Preface ")，Zou Yi said, "Qian Kun Qing Shu's qi is not a man，and the Bell Woman "(" Red Bana Collection Preface ")。Wang Shilu quoted "Jade Mirror Yang Qiu" cloud: "，and this talent。The Qi of the British Spirit of the Clouds of Heaven and Earth，Is it a man and a woman? "(" Palace Grandma's Arts and Wen Que ") In addition,，They also advocate poetry with "Qing" as expensive，and use the standard of "Qing" to comment on women's works，Think that these works have Xiao Sanjianyuan、翛 翛、Gao sentimental far away、Tan Siqian and other features。Male editor selected by "Qing" to evaluate female poetry works for the first time，and connect with the character of the female poet，This not only brings a revolutionary change to literary reviews，It also aroused self -confidence in female creation of women，and have an important impact on the literature of the Qing Dynasty。"A collection of women in the Qing Dynasty，Super Agemary，Numerous more than 3,000 "(" The Test of the Women's Works ")，The number of female writers in the Qing Dynasty，A prominent sign of the prosperity of women's literature in the Qing Dynasty。

　　Persist in the selection of poems for "virtue priority"

Put forward the literary view of "poetry is clear"bet365 live casino games ，In fact, the male editor -in -chief is independent of the hidden relaxation、The pursuit of the "virtue" of Qing Zhengzheng Festival。"Qing" is connected with morality，The earliest ideals to trace back，After Wang Chong's "On the Heng · Dingxian"，The ingenuity of the bone，To the Ming Dynasty，There is Hu Yinglin's "Poetry" "Qingri，extraordinary dusty temperament。

Male editor of the Ming Dynasty pursued "Qing" as a "virtue"，When choosing a female poem selection，Adhere to the standard of "virtue priority"。For example，In the first year of Longqing (1566) 郦 郦 采:，Set the preferred choice;，After taking the list; learn rich，Continue is the first episode;，Ethics first, then literary and art。"" ("Sanction of Gusu Xinjian Tong Tong") Hu Wenhuan edited "New Carrier Tong Tong Picking Qi Qi"，It is also "talent and Mao，Intellectual in the previous set;，Interture in the post -collection; learn rich and pollution，Intellectuals in the sequel "。Qian Qianyi edited、Liu Ru is a collection of "Xiangxiang" in the "Collection of Poetry of the DPRK".，"Fragrant" to collect the royal palace and the festival woman commended by the court，"Xiangzhongzhong", the family members of the doctors and ordinary ladies，"Under the Xiangzhu" Poem from Green Tower Ge Ji。For the Green Tower Ge Ji，Liu Rulai also decides the number of poems to choose poetry，As Wang Wei died in the Ming Dynasty，Oath of death，Noble Qi Festival that shows generous patriotism，Therefore, choose 61 poems; opposite，Yang Wan is not as good as the product，Several chosen poems。Wang Shilu quotes "Jade Mirror Yang Qiu" cloud: "Wan Shi is both thin and inferior，Repeated good words，Go to Xiuwei (Wang Wei) Far。"The selection of" The Return of the Celebrity Poems "edited by the name Zhong Yi also adheres to the standard of" virtue priority "，Volume 36 Record Wang Wei Poems 98 1，Volume Bet365 app download 35 Record Yang Wan Shi only 1。

Adhere to the selection criteria of "Virtue Priority"，Show the praise and affirmation of the male editor -in -chief for female poetry character，It also reflects their insistence on their integrity and independence。Although frustrated on the official career，But they still spare no effort to collect、Sort and publish female poems，Pursuing literature in literature，Pursuing the Qingzheng Defense in life，This effort and persistence are respectable。This is the unique charm of the selection of women's poems based on gender -based and far above gender，It is also its value。

(This article is the National Social Science Foundation "Women's Writer Test" (19BZW074) phase results)

(Author Unit: School of Humanities, Beijing Open University)