Since modern times，Russian literature has a profound impact on Chinese modern and contemporary literature，As Lu Xun said, "Russian literature is our mentor and friend"。May 4th New Literature In the process of evolution，Always with reference and acceptance of Russian literature realism and humanitarianism。Russia's realistic and humanitarian literature influence the most direct representation of May 4th literature is to establish the literary concept of "for life"，Treating the theme of "Blood and Tears" writing。The influence of Russian literature translated by being translated，May 4th writers pay more attention to real life，Fate of Focusing on Little Characters，Promote "human literature" and "civilian literature"，opened a new creative direction and literary theme for modern Chinese novels。These not only become the mainstream of the creation of May 4th literature，It also constitutes an important meaning of modern Chinese literature。

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The May 4th New Culture Movement opened the road to explore the rescue map from the spiritual and cultural level，Literary Enlightenment has also received unprecedented attention to social change。May 4th writer translated to the classic of Russian literature，I hope to inspire people's thoughts through literature，The most concentrated manifestation is to advocate the literary concept of "for life"。As the most influential literary claim in the May 4th period，Whether at the level of literary concept，Still in specific novel creation，"For Life" is the most Bet365 lotto review dazzling logo in May 4th Literature。Tracking the source，The literary concept of "for life" in the May 4th period is inseparable from the influence of Russian literature。

May 4th period，The translation and research of Russian literature and research shows the situation of "extremely prosperous in China"。According to the statistics of "Translation Total Eyes" in "Chinese New Literature Department · Historical Materials · Index" (1917-1927)，A total of 187 foreign literary works translated in China within 8 years after the May 4th Movement，Among them, Russia is 65，One -third stronger。At that time, the translation industry paid special attention to translating Jiepikin、Guogeli、Torgnev、The works of practical literary masters such as Totorvsky and Tolstoy。From the perspective of May 4th writer，Russian literature faces social reality，Follow the underlying life，Deep digging human nature，This is exactly what Chinese literature needs。The value orientation of Russian literature "for life" and unique artistic style，Deeply attracting May 4th writer。"Russian literature is deep and dim，Describe the pain of life，until it is extremely deep secret，Almost shouting the pain of the whole world。"" (Wang Tongzhao "One -side Russian Literature") They show a special feeling for Russian literature。Lu Xun agrees with the value orientation of Russian literature "for life"，believes: "Russian literature，Since in Nicholas II，is ‘for life’，Regardless of its idea is exploring，or is solving，or fall into mystery，Beginteen，and its mainstream is still one: for life。"(" "Previous" of the Hinds ") Mao Dun believes，"Russian vision literature is heavier than others，They think bet365 Play online games of literature ... Not only do you want to express your life，And to be used for life "(" Modern Russian Literature Miscellaneous Tan ")。Members of the Literature Society of Literature Society in the May Fourth Period, unanimously advocated that "books that are closely related to life"，Promoting the theoretical proposition of "for life"，When proposed "when the literary and artistic game or the recreation when the frustration of literature and art，Now it has passed。We believe that literature is a job，And a job that is very important in life "(" Declaration of Literature Research ")。

Russian writers with humanitarianism as a spiritual "for life" literary concept，greatly opened the view of the May 4th writer，directly affecting their thoughts and creation。The theme of "for life" in their works and the broad humanitarian feelings，Get high recognition from the May 4th writer，An important spiritual resource of becoming May 4th Literature。For example，Humanitarianism and "civilian consciousness" in Tolstoy's works; the deep perception of social contradictions and its cold style of Guogo's works; Chekhov's works are good at refining the theme from ordinary life，Express people's life，The theme of "for life"; Turgenev's era realism and deep excavation of human nature; etc.。Taking this as a mirror，May 4th writer takes the literary concept of "for life" as the direction，Create a lot of works that perform the theme of "for life"。

Lu Xun's "Madman's Diary" and the same name of Guoge Lichery，He keenly captured the theme of "living" in Guoge's works and the creative characteristics of "realism"，and successfully use it in your own work。It can be said，Lu Xun’s works have a lot of reference to Guohi，At Bet365 lotto review the same time, you have your own innovation。In addition，From Lu Xun's "A True Story of Ah Q", "Kong Yiji", "Changming Lantern" and other works，You can see the impact of Russian literature on him。Mao Dun once admitted that the creation of his novel "Zi Ye" was influenced and inspired by Tolstoy's "War and Peace"，Practice through the grand artistic structure，Analysis of complex and profound social problems，Explore the answer to reality and life。other，Ye Shengtao、Lu Yin、Wang Tongzhao and other writers are also affected by Russian literature to varying degrees。Literature in the May 4th period, regardless of describing the suffering of the people at the bottom，Still depict the loneliness of intellectuals，Many works run through the theme of "for life"。

　　Write the theme of "Blood and Tears"

Novels that show the theme of "for life" during the May 4th period are mostly "problem novels"，The main purpose is often to explain some problems in life and society by novels。These works are particularly concerned about the living conditions of the bottom people in the thinking of life and society，Pay attention to writing the subject matter of "blood and tears"，This is the result of the influence of "civilian consciousness" affected by Russian literature。Humanitarian spirit in Russian literature and compassion for the bottom of society，Deeply affecting the May 4th writer，From this they saw "the kind soul of the oppressed person，acid heart，Struggle "，Understand "There are two kinds of people in the world: oppressors and oppressed people" (Lu Xun's "I wish in the Converge of Chinese Russia"。1921，Zheng Zhenduo put forward the concept of "blood and tears" in the article "Blood and Tears Literature"，Literature Bet365 lotto review that believes "we now need blood and tears seems to be more than 'Yong Ring Eria"，‘Yinfeng Xiaoyue’ is a little bit “。Zheng Zhenduo's advocacy for "blood and tears literature" is deeply influenced by Russian literature。He was keen on the translation and acceptance of Russian literature in the early days，This affects his literary proposition。"Literature of Blood and Tears" requires literature to pay attention to reality，Reappear the suffering in life life，Analyze the real survival situation and spiritual world of people at the bottom。

Many writers in Russia in the 19th century will be ordinary people、The weak person as an expression object，shaped a series of "little people" image，Describe the tragic life of the lower people，In their "depth of the soul, the people's memories of all sufferings" (Gorky)。May 4th writer is very devoted to the true depiction of Russian novels for the life and destiny of "small people" and destiny。In Tolstoy、Chekhov、Dosturvsky and other writers and their works are inspired by their works，Combined with local social conditions and cultural context，They do their own literary practice，Many works show the history of blood and tears of the kind soul of the "little man" by the kindness of the society，A batch of works describing and expressing the "blood and tears" theme of the image and destiny of the image and fate of the "little character"。For example，Ye Shengtao's "This is also alone?" 》 Book touch with "blood and tears"，Objectively and coldly depicts the tragic fate of rural women。Yu Dafu's "Bo La" and "Spring Breeze's Drunk Evening" is full of compassion and care for the tragic manpower and lonely factory female workers，The confession and sighs of the lonely bet365 live casino games people who are unwilling to sink。Lu Xun’s "A Tips", "Blessings", "Tomorrow", etc.，All describes blood and tears of the bottom small figures。May 4th writer stands at the underlying person's position，From the perspective of "I"，Fate of Focusing on Little Characters，Expressing the inner world of the character，Gives deep sympathy for "insulted and damaged"，full of deep humanistic care。Their consciousness and civilian consciousness of their high people，Reality shown in creation、Critical and writer's sense of responsibility、Mission consciousness is exactly the same as Russia critical realism literature。They create torture soul，Face the times and society at the time，Shock reader's mind，It produced a strong social effect。

Russian literature potentially affects May 4th Literature，Participated in the evolution of the entire Chinese modern literature。Wang Furen said in the influence of Lu Xun's influence of Russian literature by Lu Xun: "The word" influence "we use，Not only does it mean direct、external、Borrowing and adoption of form，More importantly, Lu Xun's creative experience of the organic melting Russian writer in his own creation。"(" Lu Xun's Preliminary Novels and Russian Literature ") The deep humanitarian spirit and sorrow consciousness in Russian literature，Deeply impressed the May 4th writer。The sense of mission of Russian writer and the philosophy of regret of the inner self -province，I brought hope and revelation to the May 4th writer，It fits the inherent needs of the writer at that time，It has a profound impact on modern literary creation。

(This article is the major project of the Ministry of Education's Humanities and Social Sciences Research bet365 Play online games Base "Status of Russian Sinology Research and Chinese Contemporary Contemporary Literature in Russia's Translation Research")

(Author Unit: School of Literature, Heilongjiang University)