Literature and art popularization is one of the important development trends of modern Chinese literature，where，Yan'an Literary and Artistic Practice has an important position。May 1942，Mao Zedong proposed literary and artistic service at the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium，Yan'an Literature and Popularization Practice in -depth development，Effectively promoted the development of revolutionary literature and art，It also provides a reference for the later literary and artistic creation。

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The "Poetry Revolution" that advocates "I write my mouth" from the late Qing Dynasty，To the vernacular movement of the May 4th period，Seeking to adapt to social development、Close to life、New literary concepts and forms close to the public，It is the inherent demand of literary changes in this period。The "May 4th" Literature Revolution abandoned traditional literary forms including classical Chinese，Promote vernacular writing，The target is to be close to the public，But it has not been really combined with the public。"Problem Novel" and "Rural Novels" to turn their eyes to the public，connect with social life more closely。1930，China Left Wing Writer Alliance (hereinafter referred to as "Zuo Lian") was established。1931，"The New Mission of the Chinese Revolutionary Literature of China -The Resolution of the Executive Committee of the Chinese Left Wing Writer Alliance in November 1931" determined the popularization of literature as the primary task of the proletarian revolutionary literature，Proposed "Creation、Critical，and other issues currently，and even organizational problems，It must be implemented in the future that must be completely correct and popular "。"Zuo Lian" launched a lot of discussion on the popularization bet365 Play online games of literary and artisticization，and rely on left -wing publications such as "Beidou" and "Literature Herald"，Encouragement Report Literature、Wall Bao Novel、Romance、Singing books and other forms of mass literary creation。

1937，Comprehensive Anti -Japanese War，The literary environment has changed a lot，Farmers、Soldiers become the main acceptance group of literature and art。The need for mobilizing the masses and propagating the anti -Japanese，Proposal in the literary and artistic circles、Use the old form and other claims。The majority of literary and art workers realize that only on the basis of criticizing the inheritance of old literature and art，can create a new form of national literature and art，Popularization of literature and art。Discussion on the issue of "national form" carried out around 1940 is the attempt to adjust and transform literature in the new era of literature and art workers。This extensive dispute involving the scope，It has attracted general attention from the literary and art circles，"Xinhua Daily", "Anti -Japanese War Literature", "Dagong", "Xinshu News", "Literary Monthly" and other publications have published related articles，Expand warm discussion。Many views on the nationalization and popularization of literature and art in the argument，It plays a certain role in promoting the correct understanding and solving this problem。

May 1942，Mao Zedong delivered "Speech at the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium" (hereinafter referred to as "Speech"，Answer the question of revolutionary literature and art "for the masses" and "how to be the masses"，Point out "Workers、Farmers、Soldiers and urban petty bourgeoisie ... The largest part of the Chinese nation，is the most vast people of the people "，calling on literary and art workers to make a piece with the people of workers and peasants in their ideological feelings，"Only this，We can have the literary and artistic art of workers and soldiers，Literature bet365 best casino games and Art of the Real Proletar "。From this，Yan'an Literature and Art on the road that combines workers, peasants and soldiers，Show a new look。

　　All literary and artistic form achievements

Under the call and advocacy of "Speaking"，Yan'an literary and art workers have carried out a series of popular literary and artistic creation practices，"Wang Gui and Li Xiangxiang", "White Hair Girl", "Brother and Sister Callery" and other batches of works are all produced under the guidance of the Speech。

"The first fruit" after the "Speaking"，The novel "Little Er Hei Marriage" realizes the unity of the form and content of the goodwill of workers, peasants and soldiers，loved by the masses。Novels creatively adopt the form of book evaluation，Big Story Set Little Story，Echo at the beginning and end，Clear structure of the structure，The plot is attractive，The story of a pair of young men and women fighting for freedom of marriage with the residual force of feudal forces in the countryside，praise the growth of the new generation of farmers，With a strong local atmosphere and local characteristics。The novel "The Story of the Western Iron Barrel", "Luliang Heroes", "Lotus", etc.，Also caused a strong response among the masses。"The Story of the Western Iron Barrel" was published after serializing in the "Border Police"，Seven versions in the liberated area。"Luliang Heroes" also achieved a lot of success，After the novel is published, "popular all places，Several versions of flurry ... Last year alone in Tianjin，It was printed 25,000 units，It is equivalent to the fourteenth and fifth editions of the collection of the fourteen editions (with two thousand as the first edition) "(Yuan Ke's" Reading "Lu Liang Heroes")。

Under the guidance of "Speaking"，Yan'an's poetry creation has also achieved eye -catching achievements。The poet consciously pursues the simple simplicity of language，Speaking、Dialects enter the poem，Passionately praise the new life and great labor people in the liberated area。Li Ji's folk song "Wang Gui bet365 best casino games and Li Xiangxiang" created by Li Ji can be called the representative work of this period。Long Poems are written in the form of faithful travel，Use a large number of Bixing techniques，Enhanced the artistic expression of poetry，At the same time, the folk love story is incorporated into the revolutionary narrative，It plays the role of publicity and education。"Not the poor of the revolutionary poor people can't turn their bodies，/Not a revolution, we can't get married! // Revolutionary saved you and me，/Revolutionary rescued our villagers。// A red flag wants everyone to carry，/Red Flag poured everyone to suffer。// Hurry up, hurry up, cattle cultivated land，/Revolution is our own business。// Rain in the sky fall，/I fell down myself。// A strong red out of the sun，/I plan to make a long -term revolution。"" Wang Gui's intimate words to Li Xiangxiang，Use "Red Flag", "Quick Horse" and other things that are close to life，The image clearly shows the close connection between the revolution and the people，Expressing the firm determination of Wang Gui's "Long -term Revolution"。As Ai Qing said: "The new poet will produce from the public"，"The language of the poem、Form、Style，The practice of the popular movement，Bringing and transforming "。(Ai Qing's "Development of the Street Poetry Movement -Created for" Street Poetry "")

Except literary creation，The creation of other art forms is also in full swing during this period。1943，"Lu Yi" teachers and students organized the Yangge team，Taking traditional drama as a breakthrough，Absorption and reference folk art resources，Performance New Yang Opera，Revolutionary propaganda education for the masses。New Yang opera opera absorbs folk songs、Folk Proportion、Old Yangge Dance、Old Yang Opera、Local drama、The ingredients of the drama，Unity of military and political and civilians、Fight against the enemy、Organizational labor、Reconstruction of the second -rate child、bet365 live casino games Add production、Breaking the superstition、Promoting hygiene theme，"In each Yang opera，The masses of workers, peasants and soldiers have become the protagonists "(Ai Qing's" Form of Yang Opera ")。

On the basis of the development of the new Yang opera，The creative experiment of the new opera began to rise，Excellent repertoires such as "White Hair Girl", "Chicoto River" and "Liu Hulan" appeared，Among them, the most influence of "White Hair Girl"，Most popular。The music of "White Hair Girl" integrates Shanxi Yangge、Hebei folk song、Local opera and other tunes。Because the creator heard the story of "White Hair Girl", he thought of showing the miserable life of the feudal society girl "cabbage"，So most of the tunes sung by Xier in the first three scenes are adapted based on "Cabbage"。Yang Bailau's "Shili Wind Snow" and "Red Head" sang after hiding from his account came back.，The tune gradually transitions from slowly low to joy and lively，Expressing the difficulties of Yang Bailian and the joy of meeting with Xier。Fourth Act of Xi'er escaped from the Huang family and lived in the mountain temple.，Huang Shiren who came to avoid rain，Faced with the "Hate Like High Mountains Avengers Like the Sea" sang in the face of the enemy Xier，Make strong class hatred erupt at this moment，Tujiajiabian is a local opera in Hebei Xunzi and Shanxi Xunzi，The melody is from low，Emotions from weak to strong，Ended the sadness and anger of Xier。"White Hair Girl" is based on the people，The "White Mao Xiangu" story circulated in Jinchaji Border District is compiled and created，The creator adapted to folk legends，Promote the theme to the height of praising the new society。The drama singing words are simple and vivid，Aloral language，Follow the public aesthetics，Deep themes for expressing the comparison of the new and old society with the literary style that the masses like to hear，The model of becoming a model of my country's national opera。

　　Contemporary Literature and Art Prosperity Development

After the founding of bet365 best casino games the People's Republic of China，The popularization of the literary and artisticization advocated in the "Speaking" is further implemented。Revolutionary popular literature began to be happy，"Hero Legend" becomes an important literary form，Meet the public’s reading fun，Outstanding works such as "Railway Guerrilla" and "Wild Fire Spring Wind Dou Ancient City" appeared。"Railway Guerrillas" has shaped many lines of heroes、heroic heroes，Add tortuous storyline，I am loved by readers。

Comment、The art of opera and other tune art has ushered in new development opportunities，The old -fashioned music artists are adapted to adapting old works，Make it adapt to new social needs，New works reflecting the real subject matter have also made certain progress，A large number of popular repertoires stand out。The successful adaptation of Kunqu "Fifteen Grand" reflects the popularization of literary and art workers、The pursuit of national style，Classic samples of "one play to save a drama"。

Since the new period，Go to the masses、The thoughts and feelings of the people are made into a piece，​​Still one of the fundamental principles of literary and artistic creation，A large number of reflected voices of the masses appeared、Excellent works loved by the masses。At the same time，With TV、Movie、The development of the Internet and other media，Many literary classics have been adapted into film and television works，Meet the aesthetic needs of contemporary audiences，Also allowing these classic texts to get new vitality。

Under the guidance of "Speaking"，Serving the workers, peasants and soldiers、Principles serving the people，Literary and Artistic Practice has produced rich fruits，Literary workers created a large number of outstanding works，Striving for national independence、Liberation and Socialist Revolution、Play an important role in construction。As General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Literature and art must reflect the voice of the people，We must bet365 best casino games insist on serving the people、Serving the fundamental direction for socialism。This is a basic requirement made by the party for the literary front，It is also the key to determine the future and fate of our country's literature and art。Only firmly establish Marxist literary view，Really achieved people -centered，Literature and art can play the maximum positive energy。"" Contemporary literature and art only adhere to life，Deep People，Draw nutrients from the people's life，Find the fit point of real life and the spirit of the times，can create a reflection of public concern、Excellent works that move people，Promoting literary prosperity development。

(Author Unit: Institute of Literature of Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences)