Different literary phenomena in the context of contemporary literature，Female literature appears under the guidance of Western feminist theory。Emphasize gender consciousness、Theoretical claims of gender stance and gender perspective and the human nature theory in the trend of ideological liberation in the early new period、Humanitarian、Combination of people's main discussion and other thoughts，Re -discover "people" in literary writing，Also discovered "Women"，Female literature in China produces this。In the specific situation in the West，I first have female literature，Then there is feminism theory，Women first fight for the right to equality between men and women through literary creation in the feminist movement，Subsequently generated feminism theory，Provide necessary text interpretation and theoretical support for female literature。but but，The situation in China is exactly the opposite。The Chinese intellectual industry is after translating the theory of Western feminism，The production of "female literature" as a literary phenomenon through feminism。This background does not mean that the Chinese Contemporary Female Literature Association is completely stepped on the footprints of the Western predecessors.。

The particularity of the Chinese Women's Liberation Movement determines that our local women's literature must have its own color。Starting from the promotion of the new person in the late Qing Dynasty, the start，The issue of female liberation is placed in specific social changes。In the first half of the 20th century，The expressions related to women's liberation are always related to grand themes such as "strong country", "individual liberation" and "national liberation"，And Chinese women also entered the new society with the gender identity and political mission of "half of the sky"、The new citizen of the Republic。Because of Bet365 lotto review this，Women in our native women have written on the "same horizon" with men from the beginning，Woolf in "One House of your own" "The wise mind is male and female"，It has become a pseudo -proposition that does not need to be demonstrated in contemporary Chinese literature。

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Female literature in the initial stage of contemporary literature shows at least two aspects of our local characteristics。On the one hand，​​Women's writing does not take the demand of "equal rights" as the starting point，Instead of describing the new democratic revolution and unity and tension of socialist construction，Shape the revolutionary hero and socialist "newcomer"，Become part of the main tide of literature，or women's writing itself is the main tide of literature。On the other hand，Women who are already "equal rights" are not as advertised as "bisexual homogeneous poetics" in Western feminism theory with gender -free imagination，Instead, it is used to enter the theme of the times with the help of the heroine's "inside"。For example，Yang Mo's "Song of Youth" with the emotional experience of the heroine，Write the process of writing petty bourgeoisie intellectuals to grow into a strong Bolshevik warrior; Caiming's "Welcome Spring Song"、Ru Zhijuan's "Wish" through the role of the wife in the family，How to write a family of ordinary families in a household in a large family of socialist construction。This in the early days of the founding of New China, women literature through gender integration into the main tide of the times，The characteristics of both highlighting gender and suspended gender have become the starting point for Chinese intellectuals in the new era。In other words，Female literature in the new period starts with the gender problem obscured by "equal rights"。

Zhang Jie's "Ark"、Zhang Xinxin's "On the same horizon" "Where I miss you"、谌 容 's "People to Middle -aged" and other women's texts are written in the process of women's social order reconstruction，To achieve self -value，I have to face more difficulties and more complicated situations than their husband or boyfriend。The perspective bet365 best casino games of a woman's narrative and the plot design of the contradiction and struggle between the wife between the career and the family，presents a real dilemma that professional women must face at that time。These texts also remind us that when we are concerned about local gender problems，You need to pay attention to the "difference" behind "equal rights"，and clarify the gender writing covered or replaced by the grand narrative of the modern nation's country when cleaning up the history of literature。It can be said，Although both gender awareness and gender stand to present women's survival state，But our local female literature obviously stands on different runways，Due to the different context、Various starting points，The subsequent development path and the problems faced are different。

American feminist theorist Elaine Shivalt in "Our own criticism: autonomy and assimilation phenomenon in the theory of American blacks and feminist literature，The "different stages and methods of complex and overall" in Western feminist literature summarized the "different stages and methods of complicated overall" as "bisexual homogeneous poetics" (expressing "equal rights" appeal)、"Female Rights Criticism" (Critical Male Center，Erotch women's essence)、"Female criticism" (specializing in women's works，Explain the history、Style、Theme、Category、Structure、Creative Psychology、Women's Literature Tradition, etc.)、"Female Original Criticism" (Demolition of Gender Main Body，Emphasizing readers' identification of gender subjects is completed during the reading process) and "gender theory" (all writing with gender)。Where，Female Rights Criticism and Female Criticism are based on the theoretical mode of the two -sex dual -confrontation of men and women，Emphasize gender essence，Pay attention to the uniqueness and effectiveness of women's own experience; women's original criticism and gender theory due，Try to deconstruct the subjectivity of women，and regard gender as an open knowledge system to interpret the world。This summary is based on the theoretical deduction and self -correction of Bet365 lotto review the theory of feminism，Make the theory itself more comprehensive，But it cannot completely cover or effectively explain the description of women's survival status。

Based on the real context based on China, the obedience to the nature of female sex and female experience，Female literature after the mid -1980s has a response to some revolutionary claims in Western feminism theory，But the response method is not to use works to confirm Western theory，Instead of questioning its validity in the context of China。For example: the established expression and evaluation scale established by "women aesthetics" for women's nature，Local women's texts are opposite，Show the charm of women with the humble and ugly of women，For example, the "Rose Gate" of Tie Ning; the destructiveness of "same -sex friendship" to the patriarchal order，Local women's texts write the fragility of same -sex friendship and the consciousness of women playing a specified gender character，For example, Wang Anyi's "Brothers"; about the protest and struggle of "physical writing"，Local women's text makes the revolutionary banner of "body" blurred、Ambiguous body，For example, Lin Bai’s "The War of One"。These reactions of local women's literature not only illustrate the complexity of gender issues in China，It also shows that the writing of women's survival reality beyond the interpretation framework of Western feminism theory。

　　Female literature since the new century

Since the new century，Our local female literature also shows the "gender" discourse with Western women's literature simultaneously.、The characteristics of getting rid of gender essence theory。but，Although these women's texts have opened gender and national countries、Cultural History、Local knowledge、Class ethnic group、Dialogue space for multiple words such as personal experience，But it did not disassemble the gender subjectivity of women as shown in Western theory，Instead, the gender discourse is re -processed in your own way。The local characteristics of this kind of gender discourse are roughly manifested in the following three aspects。

First, try to avoid a Bet365 app download single female perspective，Expressing universal experience beyond gender。For example, Tie Ning's "Stupid Flower"、Wang Anyi's "Tianxiang"、Fan Xiaoqing's "Mestrondians"、Chi Zijian's "Right Bank River River River River", etc.。Where，Tie Ning's "Stupid Flower" directly writes in the form of local chronology、Northern Expeditionary War、major historical events such as the Anti -Japanese War，The perseverance and duty of a small countryside in North China wrote the courage and spiritual spirit of the Chinese nation;、Ink -making mounting painting、Jianjian embroidery and other creation process connects the daily life of the late Ming Jiangnan aristocratic scholars，and through the tea ceremony、Poetry theory and Confucianism and Buddhist science explore the aesthetic pursuit and philosophical meaning behind the searches of secular life。There are distinctive female images in these texts，There are also women's life in the established role and social space，But in narrative，"Gender" is not particularly prominent，Just as one yuan in diverse words，With the national country、Identity、Identity、Natural Ecology、folk、Smart and other words penetrate each other、Stack of each other，presents a orientation in the mottled historical territory。

Second, do not avoid female experience，But gender is just one of the topics that text wants to discuss。For example, Wang Anyi's "Township Pass everywhere"、Sun Zone's "Glorious Years"、Wen Zhen's "Anxiang Road Love"、Cai Dong’s "Ling Ye", etc.。Where，Wang Anyi's "Township Pass everywhere" portrays the Shaoxing aunts who work in Shanghai，They travel through different Shanghai families，Look at the lively, prosperous, lonely and deserted of the metropolis，Their head -argument of their people's feelings of the world is both from gender experience，It is also from foreigners to big Shanghai、The rural people's review and judgment of the metropolis; Sun Zone's "Glorious Years" wrote a woman after experiencing thousands of sails，Reconciliation with yourself and reality，This is a story about women's growth，At the bet365 Play online games same time, it is also a story of an individual in a constant era of self -adjusting to record the echo of the times。The problems of these women's texts are both within gender，Also outside the gender。

Third, it continues to focus on gender with clear gender consciousness in the mid -1980s.，At the same time, the "revolutionary" characteristics of Western feminism theory also deny the theory of Western feminism。For example, Lu Min's "Men is water，Women are oil "、"Out of Control" in Qiu Shanshan、"Lip Red Teeth White" in Lin Naibei。Where，Lu Min's "Men is water，Women are oil "Write three couples with the rapid development of the economy to follow the name and chase，The story takes place in a seemingly inside of men and women、The symbolic order of the male lead and women，Women want to rely on men to raise their worth，So keep promoting men to grab，At this time, the alienation of a woman is obviously not due to the established patriarchal order，Instead of not being controlled by the utilitarian heart。Qiu Shanshan's "Outstanding Control" writes a husband who is accustomed to controlling everything according to his own ideas to shape his wife，The wife did not show the gender consciousness of women，Instead of obeying all the arrangements of the husband，But the ancient rules that have been running for thousands of years are actually very fragile，In novels，It is not the awakening of women's gender consciousness to defeat the patriarchal siege，but the mobile game that is not available now。The revolution of Western feminism theory is based on the two -sex binary opposition、Based on Criticism，If the traditional symbolic order is disintegrated, it is not due to the awakening of women's gender consciousness，But the consumer will that everyone is going to encounter，Then gender consciousness that special emphasis on Western theory、Gender position also loses the meaning of the revolution accordingly。

In a sense,，How to deal with gender words in the new century women's literature，The continuation is the traditional writing of women's writing in the initial stage of Chinese contemporary literature，Incorporate gender into the times、Society or personal bet365 live casino games theme，Both highlighting gender and suspended gender。As Chi Zijian talked about in an interview: "Show the female label on deliberately，Actually in a sense，It is also a catering，Instead, I lost my identity。In fact, you don't need to open your identity，When female writers write，Its natural temperament，The shadow of the skirt will appear。"on the one hand shows the characteristics of Chinese contemporary female literature，On the other hand, we also suggest that we criticize practice on the basis of fully respecting the local characteristics of women's literature，Adjust its theoretical presets and criticism strategies，and rethink and understand the "gender" in women's texts，So as to build a local feminist theoretical system that meets the interpretation of the context and significance of China。

　　(The author is a professor at the Chinese Department of Sun Yat -sen University)