Malawi is a country in southeastern Africa，Because of its pleasant climate，Four Seasons Ruchun，The people's personality is simple and enthusiastic and is known as the "warm heart" of Africa。Like most African countries，Malawi has also been reduced to British colonies。During the colonial period，The people of Malawi began to be forced to contact English、Learn English、Application English，Through the development and creation of local verbal literature，Gradually formed English literature with national characteristics。1968，The Malawi government officially lists local language Qifa and English as the official language，As a result, the foundation of Qicha language and English literature in Malawi。Malawi is far less than South Africa, although Malawi is far less than South Africa、Nigeria、Kenya and other African English literature creation great powers，But in its special social development、Political history and economic factors under the comprehensive effects of factors，Its English literature also has a colorful unique feature。As an indispensable part of African literature，Malawi Literature and other African countries literature reflected，Jointly reflect the rich and diverse material and spiritual life of the African people。

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Malawi English Literature has been pushed up since the end of the 19th century，has gone through a hundred years of journey。In this development process，A large number of outstanding writers emerged in Malawi，Ruwangliu novelist Legson Kaisla、David Rubadi and Paul Zileza, etc.，Local novelist Oberde Card Qingwei、James Engobe、Tito · Bangda and Tidd Cankun Duo，Poets who enjoined internationally renowned Jack Ma Panjie and Frank Chipusla, etc.，Drama writer Du Qixiza and Malawi household -like scholar -type writer Steve Qimengbo, etc.，But compared to other African English literature countries，The hard work of Malawi writers in literary creation has rarely received the attention of Chinese readers and scholars，Even the name Bet365 lotto review of the country of Malawi is rarely known for ordinary people。

Malawi's English literature development can be roughly divided into three periods: the period from the end of 19th to 1964、From 1964 to 1994, the literary brutal growth period of the Bandda era、The slow development period of literature in the post -Ban Da era after 1994。

From the end of the 19th century，Malawi is in the British colonial period，Local writers draw nutrients from oral traditions，Start imitating British literature，Formed the original Malawi English literature。Malawi Press during this period is very small，Only several publishers at that time were established by missionaries。The missionary only allows local writers to write those themes that are conducive to missionary，For example, Christianity and pagan、Evil and good、Dark and Light, etc.，Therefore, to some extent, the development of literature is limited。"Man of Africa by the" Man of Africa by the Maravi writer Samuel Joseja Entara，1933) is the masterpiece of this period。This biographical novel tells the life of the male protagonist En Dong Duo from evil to good。The author writes the fantasy dream of Enshido to reveal the evil、Education's social utility of ordinary readers。

July 6, 1964，Malawi ushered in independence under the leadership of the first President Hebins Tings Camomu Banda。Bangda announced that he was a lifelong president shortly after the independence of Malawi。Thirty years of Malawi in Panda's high -voltage rule，Domestic political atmosphere depression，The theme of literary creation has been limited at this stage。But，It is precisely during this period，Thanks to domestic industrial development，The rise of the printing industry，Malawi also broke out in literary creation. Unprecedented amazing power。Some writers have become scattered writers，while another writer stays in China，Create a literary work with the subjective but mature literary skills。Malawi English Literature shows a strong development momentum at this stage，catalyzed the birth of Malawi classic English literary works during this period。

After 1994，With the fall of the Bangda government，Malawi entered the era of democratic multi -party system。The barbaric growth Malawi English literature bet365 best casino games entered a relatively slow development period during this period。The older generation of writers who experienced the Bandda era still works hard，Persevere creation，And a new generation of writers also try to break out from the framework of old literature，Various problems in the development of social development，Identification、Gender discrimination、Education、Health, etc.，Wide trials of literary themes and style。Malawi English literature in the post -Banida era currently shows three important features: First, due to the further development of the industry，Printing conditions have been greatly improved，The length of the work is from short to long，The number of novels and poetry has increased; the second is that young writers have conducted extensive experimental attempts in the theme and style of novels，Especially to make important progress in pushing novels; third, the work presents the trend of selection，If there is a large number of short stories, a collection of short stories、Poetry Collection and Drama, etc.，The trend of group creation is obvious。The literary development of this stage is still changing，It has to be further concerned and inspected。

　　The literary theme of the Bangda era

The thirty years of Malawi ruled Malawi were called the "Bangda Times"。During this period，Artists who have been bound for publishing activities not only lose the source of income for living，I have to be frightened all day。But it is during the 30 years of Bangda's high -pressure rule，Malawi English Literature, but everybody，Savage growth，Exudant a strong breath。The phased characteristics of this era also have deeply marked these classic works。

In the early 1960s，Maraviggang shortly，It ushered in the novel of three important English novelists。Obelic Card's "Never Easy"、David Rubadie's "Bride without Lottery" and Legson Kaira's "Golden Gera" will be published overseas。These novels are the products of Malawi nationalism at the beginning of independence，Together with the literary theme of "active struggle"。Whether in the colonial period, it is traditional against Western modernity，Strikes of the people's independence movement，Or the continuous struggle made by post -colonial bet365 best casino games colonial after independence，These themes all reflect the thoughts of the Maravi people on the problem of colonial problems during this period。

In the early 1970s，In order to further consolidate his regime，I have introduced a series of policies to strengthen the control of all aspects of people's social life，High -pressure political environment forced many intellectuals to exile overseas。"Civil Servants", "Civil Servant" of Leguson Kaisla, and Kanama Chum's "Africa Da Rinsee", are classic representative works of this period，It shows the patriotic thoughts and feelings of the novels of the novels and the people of the country and the people。Writing the suffering faced by the nation，Expressing self -depression, becoming the main theme of Malawi literature at this stage。

By the 1980s，Thanks to the booming rise of various domestic economic undertakings，Especially the vigorous development of the printing industry，The publication of the publishing of Malawi literary works surged at this stage。Local writers look for the country through creation，Seeking solutions for various social problems brought by economic development。During this period，Church series novels created by Danis Mapo，Such as "Murder for the Boys' Interests" and "Pig in the Coffin"，I put forward their own opinions on how the traditional African religion and Western religion live in harmony。Tutu · Banda's marriage novels such as "Saicien Decer Solutions" and "Strong Opposition" hopes to improve the autonomy of women's love and marriage，Discard the dregs in traditional marriage to achieve the purpose of reforming society。Children's Novels of Tidd Cancun Duo，For example, "Son of the Lake", etc., pay attention to the importance of the healthy growth and good education of children in the development of urban development。These works show the positive thinking of Malawi writers for the development of modern countries。

Malawi Literature in the 1990s witnessed the style of the Banda era。Representative writer James Engobe during this period、Edison Mudner and Paul Zelleza, including their respective masterpieces "Salted Sugar Cane", "Road to death" and "Burning Charcoal" Things make a call for call。James Engobe not only sent out bet365 live casino games a call for intellectuals，Let them wake them up，Get rid of your own cowardly，At the same time, it is also called on those people who are still blinded and trapped in spiritual difficulties to wake up from the myth of Bangda，See the real life of social life。Edison Mudner will pin the future in Christianity，Call for the people who are confused by capitalism with religious beliefs and are alienated by mental alienation。Paul Zelleza through the description of the strike and the exposure to the non -human life in the prison，Call for the people to awaken。At the same time，He also saw the destructiveness of the democratic development of African countries after independence，strong call for the arrival of the socialist revolution。Call for the new life as an important theme of Malawi literature at this stage，Show the good expectations of Malawi writers for the future of the country。

The Bandda era has become history，But the older generation of writers who have experienced the Bandda era are still writing the story of the Bangda era，There is a continuous and profound influence on young writers in the post -class era。The literary achievements of the Bangda era are remarkable，To understand the past of Malawi、Now and in the future，Classic literary works in this period will be an important chapter that African literature researchers cannot bypass。

　　Promoting Chinese Malaysia Humanities Exchange

Malawi is the positive and important participant of China ’s construction of the“ Belt and Road ”in Africa。June 29, 2023，Open Museum in Changsha Consulate in the Republic of Malawi。So far，China and Malaysia have been in infrastructure construction、Trade、Agricultural and humanitarian assistance has completed many milestone cooperation。August 23, 2023，State President Xi Jinping attended the 15th meeting of BRICS leaders in Johannesburg, South Africa.。Both China and Malaysia have firmly stated that they will continue to deepen friendship and cooperation，Promoting Sino -Malaysia relations continuously achieved new development。my country and Malawi in infrastructure construction、bilateral trade、Education and medical cooperation areas have made great development，But the traditional art bet365 best casino games of Malawi、Literature and culture, but I have little understanding。

2023 is the 16th year of the formal establishment of diplomatic relations between my country and Malawi。Accelerate the comprehensive understanding of Malawi，Especially the understanding of the field of literature and art and culture，Not only will it help promote the trade between the two countries、Technical cooperation and other interactions，Speed ​​up education、Travel、Culture and other aspects to develop more mutually beneficial and win -win cooperation，At the same time, it can also promote higher -level spiritual civilization communication between the two countries，Really realize cultural civilization exchange and mutual learning。With the advancement of China -Malaysia relations，More and more scholars are paying attention to humanistic challenges faced in the process of exchanges between the two countries。For example，"The practice and thinking of building a community of doctor and patients in the medical work of foreign aid — Take the eighth batch of Malawi Medical Teams in China (Shaanxi) as an example" from the perspective of the doctor and patient community，Thinking about the challenges encountered by Chinese foreign medical workers in Malawi medical assistance。Special proposal in the text，Culture、Language、Belief、Value concepts and many differences，Make the doctor and patients in the medical work of foreign aid is more challenging。In terms of education assistance，"Research on China Aid for Africa Vocational Education Aid and Cooperation" particularly emphasized that strengthening China -African humanities exchanges can effectively enhance the understanding and mutual trust of the people of both parties，Promoting people's hearts。Understand the local culture of Malawi to provide assistance to my country in China、Investment and cooperation is very important。In this background，Reading Malawi Literature can understand the local customs of Malawi to open a window，It can also provide a lubricant for friendly exchanges between my country and Malawi。

Contemporary，Building a community of human destiny is particularly important。China can conduct literature with the African continent、bet365 best casino games Mutual learning of culture and civilization, as well as peaceful in various fields、Cooperation and exchanges in harmony and harmony seems precious，Also united for the people of China and Africa，It is particularly important to advance to common prosperity。Understanding the overall commonality of African culture and history is important，But through the study of other national cases，Aware of the colorful cultural differences between different African countries，​​It can make us more ease。

　　(This article is the major project of the National Social Science Foundation "History of African English Literature (19ZDA296) in the phased achievement)

(Author Unit: Shanghai Foreign Studies University Chinese Discounted and World Literature Research Center、Shanghai Global Governance and Regional State State Research Institute)