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Dialogue and non -verbal analysis can promote depression recognition

March 09, 2020 02:23 Source: "China Social Sciences", March 9, 2020, Issue 1881 Author: Wang Liu Sheng

　　Depression，Also known as depression disorder，A group of clinical symptoms and functional mental disorders centered on the self -experience of depression mood，Have a high recurrence rate、High suicide rate、Gao Zhi Residual Rate、Low recognition rate、The "three highs, two lows" characteristics of low treatment rate。Patients with depression usually show low mood、Slow thinking、A decline in will event、Cognitive function damage，and accompanied by some specific physical symptoms。The latest report released by the World Health Organization in 2017，Suicide caused by depression in 2015 is the second most important reason for the death of people from 15 to 29 years in the world，It is expected that depression by 2030 will become the first place in the world's disease; the incidence of depression will appear at the elderly，Among them, the prevalence of women from 55 to 74 is higher than 7.5%，The phenomenon of women higher than men occurs in different ages and regions。Where，2015，The prevalence of depression in China is 4.2%，Become the second largest burden。The themes of the World Smart Hideline in 2016 and 2019 are "Focus on depression" and "Focus on suicide prevention"，All caused great concern to depression all over the world。In order to implement the "Implementation of Healthy China Strategy" proposed by the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，The Party and the Government issued the "Healthy China 2030" planning outline，Clarify "Early Discovery of Depression"。"Healthy China Action (2019-2030)" announced bet365 Play online games in July 2019，Directly determine the "upward trend of the prevalence of depression" directly as one of the specific action goals，Prevention and treatment of depression becomes major social engineering and government work。Early recognition of depression is the key to depression prevention。

　　Cognitive and execution dysfunctionis a deep mechanism for depression recognition

　　Since the middle of the 19th century，Scientists starting depression scientific research。Although the scientific research of depression has generally experienced the basic research of physiological mechanism of depression and disease、Study on Cognitive and Neurological Mechanism、Different exploration phases such as physiological drugs and psychotherapy，But all have always been based on the treatment of depression。In the study of physiological mechanisms，1996 Xie Lindan and other earlier discovery，In the brain structure of patients with depression，The volume of the hippocampus will change due to the disease，Called "hippocampus atrophy" phenomenon。"Horse Horse atrophy" makes humans know that there is a connection between the existence of depression in depression。Neurological system，In the 2018 Institute of Psychology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zuo Xian, etc., demonstrated the changes in specific module network tissue characteristics related to the human brain connection group related to depression，Reveal the potential role of the drug on the characteristics of the characteristics of the brain network module.。In the 2019 Institute of Psychology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yan Chaogan and other 17 hospitals in the United Nations 25 depression research groups of 25 depression research groups in the depression and static function of magnetic resonance imaging database，Carry bet365 Play online games out depression Multi -Center Sample Study，Discovery patients with depression Default network internal function connection strength decreased abnormally，Highlight the core role of the default network abnormalities in depression and brain mechanisms。In the same year，Lanzhou University Hu Bin, etc. also found early stages of depression，Functional network is more flexible than structural network。Based on international cooperation，Oxford University geneticist Flint Research Team released a report in "Nature" in 2015，Two genetic fragments related to depression high for the first time，The first time I confirmed at the genetic level to associate with depression。Drug treatment exploration，Zhejiang University Hu Hailan team results have been published in "Nature" and "Science"，The relationship between the special discharge mode of special parts in the brain and depression，Find fast antidepressant target，Provides multiple new molecular targets for the development of new antidepressants。

　　Anatomical structure of patients with depression、The specificity of the physiological mechanism determines the obstacles of its cognitive processing and execution functions。Liu Panzan and others use emotional negative startup technology，Discovering depression individuals have obstacles to the inhibitory mechanism of negative information，The bias of this negative information is related to the maintenance component in selective attention。When facing ambiguity situations，Li Juan and others believe that patients with depression have strong negative interpretation bias。Use event -related potential experiments，Feng Zhengzhi and others found that patients with depression patients have insufficient back suppression capacity for negative stimuli，It is believed bet365 best casino games that the lack of negative stimulus inhibitory ability leads to the disturbance of the individual in depression that is difficult to resist and is troubled by bad emotional state，Therefore, you may experience more depression，and cause depression and development。Qian Mingyi and others discovered，Anti -刍 thinking is related to the lack of suppression function，High anti -刍 individuals have a lack of cognitive suppression of unrelated stimuli，The lack of cognitive function may partially derived from the influence of its depression level。Peng Daihui and others use functional magnetic resonance imaging technology，Discover the presence of depression in patients with lethal work memory damage，And the bilateral and left Bolka region of the voice loop may be weakened as one of its pathological mechanisms。

　　discourse and non -verbal behaviorFeatures become depressionDirect basis for identification

　　Language processing、Action control is directly affected by the cognitive and enforcement dysfunction of depression。Patients with depression patients in multiple execution function areas are poorly mobilized，Settings transfer、Settings transfer、Question solution、Plan、Word fluency、Processing speed、Continuous Note、speech memory, etc.。Budi and Fredman paid attention to the performance of the language function of patients with depression as early as 1981。Birig and others passed two years of tracking research，Discover the cure of depression symptoms closely with the improvement of words and memory functions。

　　First，Words or non -verbal behaviors can be used as a single clue，Help depression recognition。Word processing，Word fluency test includes voice fluency and semantic fluency，can capture all kinds of depression language abnormalities。but，Semicable defects of patients with depression bet365 Play online games is more serious than voice flaws of voice，Or semantic and voice fluency has the same sensitivity to depression，The current research does not form a consistent conclusion。Brast summarized to，The language characteristics of the health group，The language application of patients with depression，Use more first -person single -calling pronouns，less second、Third person's reputation，less positive emotions，More negative emotions，More death refers to death; voice level，The height of the depressed person is low variability，Stopping for a long time，Slow speech，Reconstruction and weakening。Einsterte and others even discovered，Analysis of discourse information on social media Facebook，Able to predict the dishonesty of the individual。but but，Take the pause time as an example，It reflects the general weakening of the generality of psychological action activation，Still slow cognitive function，Depending on the requirements of the mission for cognition。Only in the case of free speech，Dialogue characteristics can become an effective measurement method for depression mood。

　　Non -verbal processing，Qian Mingyi and others think that shame can predict depression symptoms。Brast and others sort out the literature summary to，Compared with the health group，The behavior of patients with depression is more in the evening、less muscle exercise during the day，More frequent、More self -touch，less eye contact，Smile、Eye Crowth、Reduced gesture，Non -specific gaze type、Look down。Irene also believes that depression leads to a decline in face activity in interpersonal communication，Eye movement studies of Alg Owennem and others found that the eyelid distance of the eyelids of depression patients is smaller，Blinking time longer。Sound measurement bet365 live casino games provides effective additional information for depression and its level，Depression has a specific sound characteristics，Hansmu and others think the sound of the sound、strength, etc. can identify depression better; further，Zhu Tingzheng and others found that there are abnormal sound stability in patients with depression，It is believed that sound may be a potential depression recognition method。

　　Next，Discourse and non -verbal behavior combined with multiple clues to play a recognition function。Gerald and Cohen through the establishment of vision -hearing behavior analysis，Improving the screening and diagnosis of depression。Actual application field，The painful analysis interview corpus (DAIC) of DARPA and the Army RDECOM recently faced the Veterans，Diagnosis of psychological abnormalities such as depression。but，Study on depression recognition for multiple clues，The overall weaker。

　　Current，Turn from depression treatment to the combination of depression prevention，Early recognition of depression is becoming more and more important，Innovative depression prevention new paradigm is particularly urgent。Mainly a single clue of discourse or sound、Excessive dependence on clinical interviews and self -report，It is difficult to adapt to the current actual social development rhythm and actual needs。Big data analysis in the future、Advantages of multi -clue integration，Establish a goal of risk resolution，Establish a depression warning mechanism with identification as the core，Psychological health education that can improve depression、Service、Evaluation、Consultation、Treatment and other connection crisis intervention intervention and assistance integrated mode。

　　(Author Unit: Department of Psychology at the School of Education and Science, Nantong University)

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