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bet365 tennis bet time course of object features in visual working memory

April 10, 2020 01:20 Source: "Chinese bet365 tennis bet" Issue 1904, April 10, 2020 Author: Wu Wenchun

　　Working memory is a concept proposed by Baddeley and Hitch in 1974，Its function is to temporarily process and store input stimulus information，It is also a memory system with limited resources。Compared to short-term memory，It emphasizes the strategic bet365 tennis bet of information in the current activity or task。A typical working memory model includes three basic components: the phonological loop、Visuospatial Templates and Central Executive System。Among them，The phonological loop is also called verbal working memory，Responsible for sound-based information storage and control，Contains two processes: voice storage and pronunciation control，Can reactivate fading phonological representations through silent reading to prevent forgetting，Can also convert written language into phonetic codes。The visual-spatial sketchpad is also called visual working memory，Mainly responsible for storing and bet365 tennis bet visual information。The central executive system is the core of working memory，Responsible for the entire working memory process，Coordinate and control the activities between the two subsystems of the visuospatial template and the phonological loop by combining with the attention mechanism，Also maintain contact with long-term memory。

　　In the three-component model，Subsystem visual working memory has been one of the most active research areas in cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience for more than 20 years，The key issue is feature bet365 tennis bet and storage。Feature bet365 tennis bet is divided into two aspects: bet365 tennis bet method and bet365 tennis bet time。Currently, the academic community has conducted a large number of fruitful research on the bet365 tennis bet and storage mechanism of visual working memory，As for the time course problem of object feature bet365 tennis bet，Not many studies have been done，Researchers have put forward few theoretical perspectives。To this，We sorted out relevant theories and proposed a three-stage theory of feature bet365 tennis bet based on existing research。

　　bet365 tennis bet integration theory

　　There is a close two-way relationship between visual working memory, attention and visual perception。In the process of visual working memory，People need to first store the various features (such as shape) contained in visual stimuli.、color, etc.) for bet365 tennis bet、Integration，Svein believes that this stage belongs to the perceptual encoding stage or the recognition stage。During this short bet365 tennis bet process，People often do not realize that they have analyzed the specific characteristics of the stimulus，And always perceive it as a unified whole，This means that the brain needs to reasonably and quickly connect scattered information scattered in different cortical areas。This process is feature binding。Then，Does people need to pay attention when bet365 tennis bet object features in visual working memory?？The feature integration theory proposed by Treisman and Gelade in 1980 gives a detailed answer。They specialize in distinguishing between objects (objects) and characteristics，Think of a feature as a specific value of a dimension，The object is a combination of some characteristics。For example，Blue and circle are a specific value in the two feature dimensions of color and shape respectively，The blue circle is an object composed of the two characteristics of blue and circle。Feature integration theory thinks，Features are analyzed by functionally independent perceptual subsystems，This bet365 tennis bet is performed in a parallel manner，The identification of objects requires concentrated attention，is the result of series bet365 tennis bet，Its function is to bundle the various characteristics of the object to form a single complete unit。According to Triesman et al.，Feature integration theory should contain two bet365 tennis bet stages，The first stage is to quickly analyze and identify each feature，The second stage bundles each feature with the participation of concentrated attention，To form a complete object。

　　Two-stage theory of bet365 tennis bet bundling

　　Humphreys and others believe that bet365 tennis bet integration theory only considers bundling in the attention stage，Ignoring the bundling in the pre-attention stage；So，Based on a series of experiments，They proposed the two-stage theory of bundling。The theory is that，bet365 tennis bet bundling is divided into two stages: pre-attention bundling and attention bundling。In the first stage，The components of the object (that is, the overall characteristics) are bundled first，So that the object has an overall image。As in visual perception，First bundle the overall features such as shape into an object outline。The bundling at this stage is pre-attention，Contains the bottom-up organization process of the components of the whole according to the stimulus，Also includes top-down activation based on stored representations of relevant objects。In the second stage，With the participation of Attention，Bundle the detailed features of the object，In order to form a specific and complete image of the object。As in visual perception，The bundling of surface features such as the overall shape and color of the object belongs to this stage of bundling。It can be inferred from this，The bundling of the components of the shape occurs at an earlier stage，The bundling of surface features such as shape and color occurs at a later stage。

　　Chen Caiqi、Liu Zhihua and Jin Zhicheng think，This theory makes a more detailed distinction between the mechanisms of bundling，And combines two different levels of bundling phenomena，It is of great significance to establish a systematic bundling theory。Afterwards，Zhang Ming and Di Shengde used flat graphics composed of two characteristics: shape and color as stimulus materials，Examined the bet365 tennis bet time course of objects in working memory，The results show，The representation of visual object working memory includes two levels，The first level is to process and store the characteristics of the object，The second layer is the bundling of features。Second level bet365 tennis bet is not required，Bundling is only done when the task requires it，And the bundling process conforms to the two-stage theory of feature bundling。

　　Three-stage theory of feature bet365 tennis bet

　　Overall view，Both the feature integration theory and the two-stage theory of feature bundling have their own experimental basis，Each has its own rationality，It also has its shortcomings。Discovered after careful analysis，Feature integration theory is to divide the feature bet365 tennis bet of objects into two stages: single feature bet365 tennis bet (encoding) and feature bundling，The two-stage theory conducts specific stage decomposition for the feature bundling process，The former does not subdivide feature bundles，And the feature bet365 tennis bet time courses of different types (dimensions) or different complexities that make up the object have not been examined and compared，The latter does not involve the bet365 tennis bet of individual features。In addition，Although the dual-stage theory has systematically examined and confirmed the time course and stages of bundling two characteristics in different dimensions，But its views and conclusions are not consistent with many subsequent research results。Dual-stage theory thinks，The overall characteristics of the object, shape, are prioritized and processed in the first stage，The surface feature of color is defined as a detailed feature，You need to go to the second stage to get the bundle。However，Most scholars believe，Color is a basic feature of an object rather than a detailed feature；The research findings of Zhang Ming and Di Shengde，Different features have different bet365 tennis bet times，Color bet365 tennis bet was completed earlier，Good memory effect，The bet365 tennis bet of the shape is completed later，The memory effect is also poor，Exhibit color subsystem advantages。In their studies examining the pattern storage mechanism in object working memory, Shen Mowei et al. and Wu Wenchun both found that the memory performance of color features was higher than that of shape features；In addition，The eye movement experiments of Ding Jinhong et al. and Zhang Bao et al. also confirmed the priority of color attribute bet365 tennis bet。

　　Then，Is there any difference in the bet365 tennis bet time of different types of features that make up the object？What is the specific process of bet365 tennis bet (including bundling) of object features in visual working memory？Wu Wenchun、Chen Jiaqian and Liu Chang recently used three-dimensional graphics as memory materials to verify this，The graphics in Experiment 1 are composed of two basic features: color and shape，The graphics in Experiment 2 are composed of basic feature colors and detailed feature patterns。The results show，There is a significant time course effect on feature bet365 tennis bet in object working memory，Color bet365 tennis bet completed earliest，Then shape and color—the bundle of shapes，Finally, pattern and color—the bundle of patterns。Based on this，Combining the research of Zhang Ming and Di Shengde，We think，The bet365 tennis bet time course of object features in visual working memory should specifically include three stages: the first stage is the bet365 tennis bet of color features，The second stage is the bet365 tennis bet of other basic features such as shape and the bundling of features，The third stage is detailed features or complex features (such as patterns、Texture) bet365 tennis bet and binding between features。Of course，The three-stage theory needs further research and verification，Especially the support of eye movement and ERP EEG experiment results。

　　(This article is the result bet365 tennis bet “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences of Guangdong Province (GD14XXL03)

　　(Author’s unit: College of Educational bet365 tennis bet, Hanshan Normal University)

Editor: Chang Chang

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