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The impact of visual lack on social trust

April 10, 2020 01:21 Source: "China Social Sciences", April 10, 2020, 1904th author: Liu Yumeng Wu Jixia Cao Wenwen

　　Blind individual's trust in others is an important social indicator。When the psychological and behavioral impact of vision deprivation to the blind people，Usually people think that it must bring serious negative effects on the socialization process of the blind people，If lower self -esteem、higher anxiety and worse social ability。But at this stage research indicates，During the social process，The impact of vision deprivation on the trust of blind people is not significant，Its spontaneous trust and long -term trust assessment are no different from ordinary people，Just increased unstable。Related research in the future can be more dynamic，Research on the trust behavior of blind people in the interaction situation，Explore its influencing factors and neural mechanisms。

　　Visual deprivation does not affectThe formation of spontaneous trust

　　The formation of the evaluation of trust and sense of trust contains faces -based、Sound, etc. to form a short -term evaluation of the first impression and the ability -based ability、Personality、long -term evaluation of behavioral characteristics，It is an important type of characteristic reasoning。Current research discovery，The trust of the first impression is a process of fast processing。Willis and Todorov's brain electrical experiments found that the trial of trials to form a trust judgment of faces was formed within 100ms; subsequent research continued to indicate，The trust evaluation made after the face is briefly presented in 33ms, it has stabilized，Verify the spontaneousness of the formation of trust。

　　Oleszkiewicz Bet365 app download and other researchers to explore the spontaneous trust of blind people，They confirmed，Blind spontaneous trust and normal vision individual bet365 live casino games have similarity。Experiments invite the blind group and the normal vision group to conduct self -appraisal evaluation of the standardized voice credibility。Voice includes three categories: original voice、Rising voice and lowering voice。Where，The original voice comes from different recorders，Has the same language information (the content is/i/，

such as metamorphosis) and different sub -language information。Test every time you listen to a voice，It is necessary to evaluate the credibility of this language 1-7 points。The results show，From the evaluation of each voice，Blind and visual normal individuals have a highly trivial evaluation of credibility，and there are no significant differences，And they all agree with，The lower sound of the tone makes them have a higher sense of spontaneous trust。

　　Wu Jixia and others can recognize the paradigm through learning，Verified the spontaneous trust of the blind and normal individuals and the advantages of low credible identification。In this experiment，Blinds and normal tests of the blind people's test and vision.，and recognize the learned voice in the subsequent voice; after confirmation，Evaluation of the credibility of the voice。The results show，Blind the evaluation of voice trust in the blind people and normal tests are related to the original trust judgment。other，In the study and re -recognition result, the blind test and normal test of the blind people show the high accuracy and short reaction of the low credible voice.，The best performance，and there is no interaction between the blind group and the normal group。This confirms the negative bias of information perception，The lack of vision has not strengthened or weakened this tendency。

　　Long -term trust assessment of blind peopleSimilar to normal individuals

　　When conducting long -term trust assessment，L'Orez confirmed that the social beliefs and trust behaviors of the blind people are also similar to normal vision bet365 Play online games individuals。Research assumes a commonly applicable social situation，and use a trustworthy watch to detect the blind person's psychological characteristics for others、The subjective attitude of behavior and ideas and their own long -term work style。For example，In speculation on others，Researchers Question，"When getting an opportunity,，Whether others will become dishonest "; in terms of the style of work，Researchers Question，"When dealing with strangers，Do you always be cautious，until they get their trusted evidence "。From the results,，The social perspective of the blind individual has significant high correlation with normal vision individuals，Visual damage not only affects the social interaction attitude of the blind people，It has not affected their conventional trust judgment on others。This refutes the public's more fragile inertia thinking about the masses such as blind people such as blind people。At the same time，The nature of human beings is more biased towards "utilitarian" or "hypocritical"，Blind and normal vision individuals are more oriented to the former，This implies that the social characteristic reasoning strategies used by blind people and normal individuals are the same。

　　In the trust judgment of a specific situation，Liu Lizhen and others simply explore the sensitivity of lie on the blind and normal individuals，No difference is found。During the experimental process，The main test enables the subject to hear a few parts of lying videos (lies video is completed by college students with normal vision，The characters in each video tell the truth and a fake one)，and determine which time the video is the truth, which time is the truth。The subject was also asked to evaluate the correctness they made，To examine their self -confidence in their ability to lie。As a result, I found，There is no difference in the accuracy rate and self -confidence of the bet365 Play online games two groups of the two groups of identification of lies; there is no difference between congenital blind and acquired blind people。

　　The trust tendency of blind people is unstable

　　When dealing with others，Other people's behavior will also bring changes in trust tendency。Blind people are similar to normal individuals based on behavior，But they seem easier to change their views。Ferrari Bet365 app download and other researchers simulated social situations，Create a "agent" that interacts with the subject。Experiments are divided into two parts: the first impression situation and subsequent communication situation。In the first situation，Experiment will inform the agent of multiple representative behaviors，to form the first impression of the subject to the agent，and collect the trust of the subject's trust。Representative behavior is divided into positive behavior and negative behavior，Active behavior such as "He donated toys to the child of the hospital"，Negative behaviors such as "He deceived money from a man"。In the first situation，The nature of multiple representative behaviors is the same。In the second situation，The agent will show the same or left -left behavior as the first impression.，At this time, collect the follow -up trust of the person again。

　　In the evaluation of all agents，The blind group shows the trust status similar to the control group。But when the image of the first impression is inconsistent with the image created by the subsequent interaction，Whether the first impression is positive or negative，Blinds are more inclined to change their judgment，Reflecting the instability of trust evaluation。Zhang Kaihan, etc., compares the psychological characteristics of blind people and normal vision individuals through Essest's personality questionnaire (EPQ)，Found that the N meter score of the blind sample of the blind person is significantly higher than the normal view sample，reveals its sensitivity bet365 live casino games and emotional instability。

　　Research Outlook for Social Trust S at Blinds

　　The above studies show，Visual deprivation has brought a lot of disadvantages to the lives of the blind group，but did not change their trust establishment in the social process and social wishes。So，Normal vision individuals should take off the "non -color glasses" to the blind people，Promote the realization of the interactive cycle of benign society。At the same time，There are still many blank places for the social research of the blind people，Future research can be expanded from the following three directions。

　　First, it cannot be limited to the changes in sensory and perception ability at the level of cognitive psychology，More changes in the psychological and behavioral of the blind people in social interaction，If trust decision -making and interpersonal interaction behavior under the trusted game paradigm。At the same time，Dynamic trust research should also be expanded to the maintenance of trust、Crash and repair。Research results of the research results of Schweitzer and others，betrayal will cause indelible damage to trust，Continuous trustworthy behavior can repair the sense of trust，Promise will help accelerate repair。Therefore, research on the blind group in the future，Activity to apply a trusted game paradigm commonly used in normal vision individual research，Dynamic processing of understanding the psychology of blindness in social psychology and behavioral economics，Explore the decision -making process in the interactive situation of trust。

　　The second is to find the neurological support when looking for blind individuals when trusting judgment。Research confirmed in the past，Lack of vision will not cause the blind -related brain -related area，Pillows and temporal lobe used for visual processing will also be activated by other perceptions，This is called "the compensation of the blind"。Mattavelli Bet365 app download and other researchers found，Trust judgment will stimulate the test of the subject's almond core、Pillow lobe and temporal lobe; researchers such as Paul Zak confirmed the impact of oxytocin on trust behavior; the follow -up research of Baumgartner derived the trust neural circulation，Point out the almond core、The role of the middle brain area and the back pattern; in addition，The edge system is also related to the dynamic trust process，Voltage core、The cortex of the tail nucleus and the front buckle band of the front buckle is continuously active in trust interaction。Future research should explore the nervous activation status of the blind test under the interaction of spontaneous trust and trust，Neurbiotic connection between looking for vision deprivation and trust changes。

　　Third, analyze and refine the influencing factors of blind people's trust，so as to achieve application purpose。Related research on normal vision individuals can be used as a reference，For example, Hou Lulu and Jiang Qi found that real pride can have a significant impact on interpersonal trust through viewpoints; Jia Yanru Bet365 app download and other researchers have discovered a sense of trust and social exclusion、High related to social anxiety，Trust will play an important intermediary role; Liu Guangzeng and others confirmed self -esteem、High correlation between interpersonal relationships and trust; Zhu Shuirong uses free association、Open questionnaires and other methods confirmed the similarity between the two parties、Trusty features、The importance of content features。Will these factors affect the interpersonal trust and social communication of the blind people，What is the degree of extent compared to normal people，All need to be further studied。

　　(This article is "Funding for" Suzhou University's "College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Plan"，Series of National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Bet365 app download Program (201810285011z) and National Social Science Fund Project (14BKS080) phase results)

　　(Author Unit: School of Education, Suzhou University)

Editor in charge: Changchang